CD4+Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Envelope-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Derived from the Peripheral Blood Cells of an HIV-1-Infected Individual

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. CURIEL ◽  
J.T. WONG ◽  
P.F. GORCZYCA ◽  
R.T. SCHOOLEY ◽  
B.D. WALKER
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals A Novel Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIVdrl)pol Sequence from the Drill Monkey, Mandrillus leucophaeus

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 10305-10309 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Clewley ◽  
J. C. M. Lewis ◽  
D. W. G. Brown ◽  
E. L. Gadsby
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mandrillus Leucophaeus ◽  
Green Monkey ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT The drill monkey has been shown by serology and PCR to harbor a unique simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVdrl). A polsequence, amplified from uncultured peripheral blood cells, is most closely related to the equivalent SIV sequences from the red-capped mangabey (SIVrcm), the sabaeus African green monkey (SIVagmSAB), and the chimpanzee (SIVcpz) and to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequence of humans. It is as yet unclear whether SIVdrl has a mosaic genome like SIVrcm and SIVagmSAB, is a member of the SIVcpz/HIV-1 lineage, or represents a novel primate lentivirus lineage.

scholarly journals Inhibition of CD3/CD28-Mediated Activation of the MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway Represses Replication of X4 but Not R5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Peripheral Blood CD4+T Lymphocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 2558-2566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Popik ◽  
Paula M. Pitha
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Erk Signaling ◽  
Erk Pathway ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
In Cells

ABSTRACT Binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to CD4 receptors induces multiple cellular signaling pathways, including the MEK/ERK cascade. While the interaction of X4 HIV-1 with CXCR4 does not seem to activate this pathway, viruses using CCR5 for entry efficiently activate MEK/ERK kinases (W. Popik, J. E. Hesselgesser, and P. M. Pitha, J. Virol. 72:6406–6413, 1998; W. Popik and P. M. Pitha, Virology 252:210–217, 1998). Since the importance of MEK/ERK in the initial steps of viral replication is poorly understood, we have examined the role of MEK/ERK signaling in the CD3- and CD28 (CD3/CD28)-mediated activation of HIV-1 replication in resting peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes infected with X4 or R5 HIV-1. We have found that the MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 selectively inhibited CD3/CD28-stimulated replication of X4 HIV-1, while it did not affect the replication of R5 HIV-1. Inhibition of the CD3/CD28-stimulated MEK/ERK pathway did not affect the formation of the early proviral transcripts in cells infected with either X4 or R5 HIV-1, indicating that virus reverse transcription is not affected in the absence of MEK/ERK signaling. In contrast, the levels of nuclear provirus in cells infected with X4 HIV-1, detected by the formation of circular proviral DNA, was significantly lower in cells stimulated in the presence of MEK/ERK inhibitor than in the absence of the inhibitor. However, in cells infected with R5 HIV-1, the inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway did not affect nuclear localization of the proviral DNA. These data suggest that the nuclear import of X4, but not R5, HIV-1 is dependent on a CD3/CD28-stimulated MEK/ERK pathway.

scholarly journals Naturally processed viral peptides recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes on cells chronically infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

1994 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 1283-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Tsomides ◽  
A Aldovini ◽  
R P Johnson ◽  
B D Walker ◽  
R A Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Hiv 1

We have established long-term cultures of several cell lines stably and uniformly expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in order to (a) identify naturally processed HIV-1 peptides recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from HIV-1-seropositive individuals and (b) consider the hypothesis that naturally occurring epitope densities on HIV-infected cells may limit their lysis by CTL. Each of two A2-restricted CD8+ CTL specific for HIV-1 gag or reverse transcriptase (RT) recognized a single naturally processed HIV-1 peptide in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) extracts of infected cells: gag 77-85 (SLYNTVATL) or RT 476-484 (ILKEPVHGV). Both processed peptides match the synthetic peptides that are optimally active in cytotoxicity assays and have the consensus motif described for A2-associated peptides. Their abundances were approximately 400 and approximately 12 molecules per infected Jurkat-A2 cell, respectively. Other synthetic HIV-1 peptides active at subnanomolar concentrations were not present in infected cells. Except for the antigen processing mutant line T2, HIV-infected HLA-A2+ cell lines were specifically lysed by both A2-restricted CTL, although infected Jurkat-A2 cells were lysed more poorly by RT-specific CTL than by gag-specific CTL, suggesting that low cell surface density of a natural peptide may limit the effectiveness of some HIV-specific CTL despite their vigorous activity against synthetic peptide-treated target cells.

scholarly journals Decay Kinetics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Effector Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes after Combination Antiretroviral Therapy

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 797-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Ogg ◽  
X. Jin ◽  
S. Bonhoeffer ◽  
P. Moss ◽  
M. A. Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Decay Kinetics ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Specific Effector ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Little is known of the changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) after potent antiretroviral therapy. Using HLA/peptide tetrameric complexes, we show that after starting treatment, there are early rapid fluctuations in the HIV-1-specific CTL response which last 1 to 2 weeks. These fluctuations are followed by an exponential decay (median half-life, 45 days) of HIV-1-specific CTL which continues while viremia remains undetectable. These data have implications for the immunological control of drug-resistant virus.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication in Primary CD4+ T Lymphocytes, Monocytes, and Dendritic Cells by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (14) ◽  
pp. 6695-6699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Severino ◽  
Nikolaos V. Sipsas ◽  
Phuong Thi Nguyen ◽  
Spyros A. Kalams ◽  
Bruce D. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Viral Inhibition ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT We demonstrate that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) suppress HIV-1 replication in primary lymphocytes, monocytes, and dendritic cells individually. Viral inhibition is significantly diminished in lymphocyte-dendritic cell clusters, suggesting that these clusters in vivo could be sites where viral replication is more difficult to control by CTL.

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