Retraction of: Upregulation of miR-98 Inhibits Apoptosis in Cartilage Cells in Osteoarthritis (doi: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0011)

: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a form of adult stem cells, are known to have a self-renewing property and the potential to specialize into a multitude of cells and tissues such as adipocytes, cartilage cells, and fibroblasts. MSCs can migrate and home to the desired target zone where inflammation is present. The unique characteristics of MSCs in repairing, differentiation, regeneration, and its high capacity of immune modulation has attracted tremendous attention for exerting them in clinical purposes, as they contribute to tissue regeneration process and anti-tumor activity. The MSCs-based treatment has demonstrated remarkable applicability towards various diseases such as heart and bone malignancies, and cancer cells. Importantly, genetically engineered MSCs, as a state-of-the-art therapeutic approach, could address some clinical hurdles by systemic secretion of cytokines and other agents with a short half-life and high toxicity. Therefore, understanding the biological aspects and the characteristics of MSCs is an imperative issue of concern. Herein, we provide an overview of the therapeutic application and the biological features of MSCs against different inflammatory diseases and cancer cells. We further shed light on MSCs physiological interaction, such as migration, homing, and tissue repairing mechanisms with different healthy and inflamed tissues.

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Localization of 1,25-(OH)2D3-responsive alkaline phosphatase in osteoblast-like cells (ROS 17/2.8, MG 63, and MC 3T3) and growth cartilage cells in culture

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)80148-x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 264 (20) ◽

pp. 11879-11886 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B D Boyan ◽

Z Schwartz ◽

L F Bonewald ◽

L D Swain

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Growth Cartilage ◽

Cells In Culture ◽

Cartilage Cells

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Partial Decellularization for Segmental Tracheal Scaffold Tissue Engineering: A Preliminary Study in Rabbits

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11060866 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 866

Author(s):

Luong Huu Dang ◽

Yuan Tseng ◽

How Tseng ◽

Shih-Han Hung

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Stability ◽

Vital Staining ◽

Potential Method ◽

Term Survival ◽

Long Term Survival ◽

Cartilage Cells ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Epithelial Layers

In this study, we developed a new procedure for the rapid partial decellularization of the harvested trachea. Partial decellularization was performed using a combination of detergent and sonication to completely remove the epithelial layers outside of the cartilage ring. The post-decellularized tracheal segments were assessed with vital staining, which showed that the core cartilage cells remarkably remained intact while the cells outside of the cartilage were no longer viable. The ability of the decellularized tracheal segments to evade immune rejection was evaluated through heterotopic implantation of the segments into the chest muscle of rabbits without any immunosuppressive therapy, which demonstrated no evidence of severe rejection or tissue necrosis under H&E staining, as well as the mechanical stability under stress-pressure testing. Finally, orthotopic transplantation of partially decellularized trachea with no immunosuppression treatment resulted in 2 months of survival in two rabbits and one long-term survival (2 years) in one rabbit. Through evaluations of posttransplantation histology and endoscopy, we confirmed that our partial decellularization method could be a potential method of producing low-immunogenic cartilage scaffolds with viable, functional core cartilage cells that can achieve long-term survival after in vivo transplantation.

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Establishment of a New Device for Electrical Stimulation of Non-Degenerative Cartilage Cells In Vitro

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22010394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 394

Author(s):

Simone Krueger ◽

Alexander Riess ◽

Anika Jonitz-Heincke ◽

Alina Weizel ◽

Anika Seyfarth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Type I ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

New Device ◽

Alternating Electric Fields ◽

Cartilage Cells ◽

Stimulation Of

In cell-based therapies for cartilage lesions, the main problem is still the formation of fibrous cartilage, caused by underlying de-differentiation processes ex vivo. Biophysical stimulation is a promising approach to optimize cell-based procedures and to adapt them more closely to physiological conditions. The occurrence of mechano-electrical transduction phenomena within cartilage tissue is physiological and based on streaming and diffusion potentials. The application of exogenous electric fields can be used to mimic endogenous fields and, thus, support the differentiation of chondrocytes in vitro. For this purpose, we have developed a new device for electrical stimulation of chondrocytes, which operates on the basis of capacitive coupling of alternating electric fields. The reusable and sterilizable stimulation device allows the simultaneous use of 12 cavities with independently applicable fields using only one main supply. The first parameter settings for the stimulation of human non-degenerative chondrocytes, seeded on collagen type I elastin-based scaffolds, were derived from numerical electric field simulations. Our first results suggest that applied alternating electric fields induce chondrogenic re-differentiation at the gene and especially at the protein level of human de-differentiated chondrocytes in a frequency-dependent manner. In future studies, further parameter optimizations will be performed to improve the differentiation capacity of human cartilage cells.

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