Susceptibility to Bacteriocins of Multiresistant, mecA Gene Possessing Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Strains from Lesions on Dogs in Vojvodina (Serbia)

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause life-threatening infections in animals and humans. The study of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and its ability to produce biofilms is important to select the most suitable treatment. The prevalence and characteristics of S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand were assessed. Results showed that 28.30% (15/53) of the isolates were MRSP. Amplification of the mecA gene was observed in 93.33% (14/15) MRSP. Methicillin-resistant strains revealed co-resistant patterns against other antibiotics, including chloramphenicol, clindamycin, tetracycline, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim. In this study, all bacterial isolates produced biofilms, while 90.55% of S. pseudintermedius isolates were strong or moderate biofilm producers. Most (45–60%) of the resistant strains were strong biofilm producers, while the correlation between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance was not statistically significant. This is the first study in southern Thailand to investigate the drug-resistant profile of S. pseudintermedius and its ability to form biofilm. The results will contribute to a better understanding of the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in S. pseudintermedius.

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Prevalence and in vitro susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) from skin and nostrils of dogs with superficial pyoderma

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2016001200006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (12) ◽

pp. 1178-1180 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Larissa S. Botoni ◽

Carolina B. Scherer ◽

Rodrigo O. Silva ◽

Fernanda M. Coura ◽

Marcos B. Heinemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meca Gene ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Oxacillin Resistance ◽

Gene Carriers ◽

Genotypic Characteristics

ABSTRACT: In order to assess the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from skin and nostrils of dogs with pyoderma, to determine its in vitro susceptibility, and to correlate these data with the presence of the mecA gene, 43 dogs were selected. Samples were collected from secretion of their skin lesions and right nostril, cultured, and analyzed for phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the bacteria studied. In 62 samples (91%) the microorganism was classified as S. pseudintermedius. The rate of resistance against antibiotics ranged from 7% (amikacin; 4/62) to 77% (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim; 48/62). Resistance against oxacillin was found in 34% of the samples (21/62). Twenty-five samples (37%) were strains that carried the mecA gene. A significant correlation (P<0.01) was found between presence of the mecA gene and oxacillin resistance. Seventeen dogs were mecA gene carriers, and 8 (47%) of them had the gene in the skin lesions and nostril. A significant correlation (P<0.01) was also observed between the presence of mecA gene in the skin lesions and nostrils. Oxacillin resistance in vitro can be safely used to indicate the presence of mecA gene in MRSP samples. The nostrils can be a reservoir of MRSP in dogs.

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Ceftaroline resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius gene mecA carriers

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5680 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (12) ◽

pp. 2233-2236

Author(s):

Carolina B. Scherer ◽

Larissa S. Botoni ◽

Antônio U. Carvalho ◽

Kelly M. Keller ◽

Adriane P. Costa-Val

Keyword(s):

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Disk Diffusion ◽

Diffusion Test ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽

Disk Diffusion Test ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Current Report

ABSTRACT: Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being a constant concern, ceftaroline fosamil has been recently approved as a new cephalosporin, active against MRSA, for use in humans; only rare cases of resistance have been reported till date. There is no report of resistance to ceftaroline in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, which is the main bacterium causing dermatitis and otitis in dogs. To evaluate staphylococcal resistance to ceftaroline, 35 isolates of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), carrying the mecA gene, from 26 dogs with folliculitis and nine dogs with external otitis, underwent disk diffusion test with cefoxitin, oxacillin, and ceftaroline. Tests with cefoxitin and oxacillin showed > 90% sensitivity in methicillin resistance detection. In the disk diffusion test, 97.14% (34/35) were resistant to cefoxitin, 94.29% (33/35) to oxacillin, and 31.43% (11/35) to ceftaroline. Of the ceftaroline-resistant strains, 27.27% (3/11) were obtained from the ears of dogs while the rest (8/11) were from the skin. The current report is the first description of MRSP resistance to ceftaroline.

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Description of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from canine pyoderma in Minas Gerais state, Brazil

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-8150 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 299-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. Bourguignon ◽

G.N. Viçosa ◽

C.M.M. Corsini ◽

M.A.S. Moreira ◽

L.A. Nero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Proper Treatment ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Genotypic Analysis ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Resistant Strains

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is of worldwide concern in veterinary medicine. The identification of resistant strains is necessary for proper treatment and the prevention of its propagation among animals. This study aimed to identify S. pseudintermedius isolated from canine pyoderma and evaluate their resistance profiles. Lesions from 25 dogs with pyoderma were sampled. Bacterial isolates were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic analysis for identification of the causative agent. S. pseudintermedius isolates were subjected to SmaI macrorestriction analysis and PFGE for genetic grouping, and PCR to identify the presence of the mecA gene. Their resistance profiles against 12 antimicrobials were also assessed. According to the microbiological analysis, 70 of the 75 isolates obtained were S. pseudintermedius. The isolates presented PFGE patterns, with similarity varying between 84.6 and 100%, and were grouped into 19 clusters. Despite a high frequency of mecA-positive isolates (66 out 70), only 12 presented resistances to oxacillin. Multi-resistance was identified in 29 isolates. The high frequency of MRSP isolated in this study highlights the relevance of identifying resistant strains to lead proper clinical treatment.

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Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs with otitis externa

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20170738 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carolina Boesel Scherer ◽

Larissa Silveira Botoni ◽

Fernanda Morcatti Coura ◽

Rodrigo Otávio Silva ◽

Rafael Dantas dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Resistance Rate ◽

Beta Lactam ◽

Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Gentamicin Resistance ◽

Biochemical Evaluation ◽

Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT: Infections by Staphyloccocus pseudintermedius in the skin of dogs have been object of studies, since such microorganisms often present multiple resistance to antibiotics. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) strains isolated from dogs with otitis. Swabs from both ears of 52 dogs with otitis (n=104) were included. Bacteria were cultured using Muller-Hinton agar (supplemented with 5% equine blood and incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 hours. All colonies underwent biochemical evaluation for identification of staphylococci. The identity of colonies as SP was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The antimicrobial susceptibility of SP strains was evaluated by disk diffusion. The presence of the gene mecA was evaluated in all SP isolates by PCR. Forty-four SP strains were isolated from swabs of 31 dogs (31/52, 59.6%). Seventy-five percent of the strains were susceptible to cephalexin and 93.2% to amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid. Less than 23% of the strains were susceptible to penicillin. For non-beta-lactam antimicrobials, 63.6% of the strains showed resistance to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, 61.4% to tetracycline, and 38, 64% to enrofloxacin. Aminoglycoside resistance rate was 27.3% for gentamicin. Resistance to oxacillin in vitro was detected in 13 of the 44 strains (29, 55%). A total of 12 strains (27.3%) were positive for mecA gene and five of these 12 strains were susceptible to in vitro oxacillin. Twenty-six (59, 1%) strains were resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials, and classified as multi resistant. Our results showed high frequency of SP and multi resistant isolates to antimicrobials commonly used in veterinary.

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Evaluation of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute Interpretive Criteria for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/104063870902100514 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 684-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Jennifer R. Schissler ◽

Andrew Hillier ◽

Joshua B. Daniels ◽

Lynette K. Cole ◽

Wondwossen A. Gebreyes

Keyword(s):

Methicillin Resistance ◽

False Negative ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽

Disk Diffusion ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Interpretive Criterion ◽

Cefoxitin Disk ◽

Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute published in 2008 new interpretive criteria for the identification of methicillin resistance in staphylococci isolated from animals. The sensitivity of the 2008 interpretive criteria for mecA gene-positive Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, compared with the previous criteria of 2004, was investigated. Thirty clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius from dogs were used. The presence of the mecA gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The minimum inhibitory concentration for oxacillin was determined by broth microdilution. The 2008 breakpoint of 4 μg/ml for methicillin resistance resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 73.3% (22/30). The 2004 breakpoint guideline of 0.5 μg/ml resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 97% (29/30). For oxacillin disk diffusion, the 2008 interpretive criterion of 10 mm for methicillin resistance resulted in a sensitivity of 70% (21/30). If intermediate isolates (11 or 12 mm) were considered resistant, the sensitivity was 93% (28/30). Application of the 2004 interpretive criterion of 17 mm resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 100% (30/30). For cefoxitin disk diffusion, the interpretive criterion of 21 mm for methicillin resistance (as used for Staphylococcus aureus) resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 6.7% (2/30). The interpretive criterion of 24 mm (as used for coagulase-negative staphylococci) resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 43.3% (13/30). With the use of 2008 interpretive criteria, all 3 tests produced what we consider to be an unacceptable level of false negative results. Our findings also suggest that cefoxitin disk diffusion is an inappropriate screening test for methicillin resistance of canine S. pseudintermedius.

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Staphylococcus pseudintermedius heterogeneously expresses the mecA gene

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.04.011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 165 (3-4) ◽

pp. 489-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vincenzo Savini ◽

Nicola Di Giuseppe ◽

Paolo Fazii ◽

Claudio D’Amario ◽

Domenico D’Antonio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meca Gene ◽

Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius

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Assessment of the Multifactorial Effect on Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Clinical Isolates from Assir Region, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v13i2.12750 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 152-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nazar M Abdalla ◽

Waleed O Haimour ◽

Amani A Osman ◽

Hassan Abdul Aziz

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Culture Media ◽

Meca Gene ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Staph Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity

General objectives: This study aimed at assessment of factors affecting antimicrobial sensitivity in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from Assir region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this study, eighty one patients presented with Staph. aureus infections either nosocomial or community acquired infections were involved by collecting nasal swabs from them at Aseer Central Hospital General Lab. These patients were from all age groups and from males and females during the period of Jan 2011- Jun 2011. These samples were undergone variable laboratory procedures mainly; bactech, culture media, antibiotics sensitivity test using diffusion disc test (MIC) and molecular (PCR) for detection of mec A gene. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded in special formats and analyzed by statistical computer program (SPSS). Results: Showed that; Descriptive and analytical statistical analysis were performed and final results were plotted in tables. In Staph aureus MecA gene positive cases (50) showed: Oxacillin/ Mithicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Fusidin resistant in diabetic patients were 13, 26.0%, 9, 18% and 7, 14% respectively and in non diabetic patients were 37, 74.0%, 22, 44% and 20, 40% respectively. While no sensitivity in diabetic and non diabetic patients using Oxacillin/ Mithicillin. In Staph aureus MecA gene negative cases (31) showed: Oxacillin/ Mithicillin, sensitivity in diabetic patients (5, 16.1%) and in non diabetic were (26, 83.9%). While no resistant in diabetic and non diabetic patients. In Ciprofloxacin and Fusidin resistant in diabetic patients were 1, 3.2% and 1, 3.2% respectively and in non diabetic patients were 12, 38.7% and 7, 22.6%respectively. Erythromycin in Staph aureus ( MecA gene) positive cases (50) showed: resistant in age (0-15) years were (5, 10%), (16-50) years were (16, 32%) and ( 50 years) were (12, 24%). Erythromycin in Staph aureus (MecA gene) negative cases (31) showed: resistant in age (0-15) years were (6, 19.3%), (16-50) years were (5, 16.1%) and ( 50 years) were (3, 9.7%). Conclusion: Drugs resistance is a major progressive multifactorial problem facing the treatment of Staph aureus infections. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v13i2.12750 J Medicine 2012; 13 : 152-159

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