Assessment of the Multifactorial Effect on Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Positive Staphylococcus Aureus Clinical Isolates from Assir Region, Saudi Arabia

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar M Abdalla ◽  
Waleed O Haimour ◽  
Amani A Osman ◽  
Hassan Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity

General objectives: This study aimed at assessment of factors affecting antimicrobial sensitivity in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from Assir region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: In this study, eighty one patients presented with Staph. aureus infections either nosocomial or community acquired infections were involved by collecting nasal swabs from them at Aseer Central Hospital General Lab. These patients were from all age groups and from males and females during the period of Jan 2011- Jun 2011. These samples were undergone variable laboratory procedures mainly; bactech, culture media, antibiotics sensitivity test using diffusion disc test (MIC) and molecular (PCR) for detection of mec A gene. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded in special formats and analyzed by statistical computer program (SPSS). Results: Showed that; Descriptive and analytical statistical analysis were performed and final results were plotted in tables. In Staph aureus MecA gene positive cases (50) showed: Oxacillin/ Mithicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Fusidin resistant in diabetic patients were 13, 26.0%, 9, 18% and 7, 14% respectively and in non diabetic patients were 37, 74.0%, 22, 44% and 20, 40% respectively. While no sensitivity in diabetic and non diabetic patients using Oxacillin/ Mithicillin. In Staph aureus MecA gene negative cases (31) showed: Oxacillin/ Mithicillin, sensitivity in diabetic patients (5, 16.1%) and in non diabetic were (26, 83.9%). While no resistant in diabetic and non diabetic patients. In Ciprofloxacin and Fusidin resistant in diabetic patients were 1, 3.2% and 1, 3.2% respectively and in non diabetic patients were 12, 38.7% and 7, 22.6%respectively. Erythromycin in Staph aureus ( MecA gene) positive cases (50) showed: resistant in age (0-15) years were (5, 10%), (16-50) years were (16, 32%) and ( ›50 years) were (12, 24%). Erythromycin in Staph aureus (MecA gene) negative cases (31) showed: resistant in age (0-15) years were (6, 19.3%), (16-50) years were (5, 16.1%) and ( ›50 years) were (3, 9.7%). Conclusion: Drugs resistance is a major progressive multifactorial problem facing the treatment of Staph aureus infections. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v13i2.12750 J Medicine 2012; 13 : 152-159

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Two Tertiary-Care Centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq A. Madani ◽  
Nabeela A. Al-Abdullah ◽  
Ali A. Al-Sanousi ◽  
Tawfik M. Ghabrah ◽  
Shadia Z. Afandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

AbstractObjective:To review clinical experience with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in tertiary-care hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Design:Retrospective review for the year 1998.Setting:Two tertiary-care hospitals.Methods:Results of MRSA-positive cultures of clinical specimens obtained as part of investigations for suspected infections were retrieved from the microbiology laboratories' records. Charts of patients were reviewed, with standardized data collection.Results:Of 673 S aureus isolates identified, 222 (33%, or 6.8 isolates/1,000 admissions) were MRSA Overall MRSA prevalence was 2% in 1988. Nosocomial acquisition occurred in 84.2% of cases. All age groups were affected, and 52% of patients had at least one comorbidity. MRSA prevalence was highest in the intensive care units (26.6% of all isolates), the medical wards (24.8%), and the surgical wards (19.8%). Seventy-three percent of isolates caused infection; the rest represented colonization. Surgical wounds (35.2%), the chest (29%), and central venous catheters (13%) were the most common sites of infection. Bacteremia occurred in 15.4% of patients. Local signs (84%) and fever (75.9%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Respiratory distress and septic shock occurred in 30.2% and 13.6% of cases, respectively. Of 162 patients with MRSA infection and 60 patients with MRSA colonization, 95.7% and 70% received antibiotics in the preceding 6 weeks, respectively (P<.0001). The total mortality of patients with MRSA infection was 53.7%: 36.4% as a result of MRSA infection and 17.3% as a result of other causes.Conclusions:The prevalence of MRSA is high and rapidly increasing in the two hospitals, as it is worldwide. Control measures to prevent die spread of MRSA in hospitals should continue, with reinforcement of hygienic precautions and development of policies to restrict the use of antibiotics.

Identification of Staphylococcus aureus from enriched nasal swabs within 24 h is improved with use of multiple culture media

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1365-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Nadimpalli ◽  
Christopher Heaney ◽  
Jill R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Nasal Swabs

Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is commonly evaluated via culture-based methods. We found that parallel use of two media, Baird-Parker and CHROMagar™ Staph aureus, increased detection of S. aureus from a healthy population by 29 %. We suggest use of both media for optimal identification of S. aureus from healthy cohorts.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Panton Valentine Leukocidin Toxin in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Kiambu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sani Iliya ◽  
Jonathan Mwangi ◽  
Ronald Maathai ◽  
Mary Muriuki ◽  
Christopher Wainaina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
Spin Column ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Panton–Valentine leukocidin gene is produced by Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates as a pore-forming toxin is largely responsible for skin and soft tissue illnesses. MRSA produces PVL toxins through lukS and lukF proteins causing tissue necrosis by damaging membrane of the defense cells. Presence of PVL toxin was tested from the 54 S. aureus clinical isolates obtained from Thika and Kiambu Level 5 Hospitals, in Kiambu County, Kenya, by Geno Type® MRSA assay (Hain Life Science, Nehren, Germany). DNA was isolated from freshly harvested bacterial cultures by spin column using Geno Type DNA isolation kit. The detection of PVL toxins was performed by amplification of genomic DNA and by reverse hybridization that identifies PVL genes using Geno Type MRSA kit. Out of 138 samples that were collected from patients in Kiambu County, 54 S. aureus isolates were obtained, of which 14 (25.9%; 95% CI = 11.9–38.9) samples had PVL toxins. The isolates that were obtained from the female patients had a higher PVL toxin prevalence of 35.7%, while the isolates collected from the male patients had a lower prevalence of 15.4% (P=0.09). The pediatrics department had the highest PVL gene prevalence compared to outpatient department and surgical units (P=0.08). However, the age groups of patients and the hospital attended by patients showed no significant difference in terms of PVL gene prevalence (P=0.26). Therefore, the patients' gender and hospital units were not significantly associated with PVL gene prevalence (P=0.08). This study shows that PVL positive isolates occur in the sampled hospitals in the county and female as well as children must be taken into consideration among patients with wound infections when isolating S. aureus.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of methicillin heat-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in pasteurized camel milk in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani H. Aljahani ◽  
Khaloud M. Alarjani ◽  
Zeinab K. Hassan ◽  
Manal F. Elkhadragy ◽  
Elsayed A. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Heat Resistant

Abstract Antibiotic- and heat-resistant bacteria in camel milk is a potential public health problem. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen in humans, dairy cattle and camels. We characterized the phenotype and genotype of methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains recovered from pasteurized and raw camel milk (as control) distributed in the retail markets of Saudi Arabia. Of the 100 samples assessed between March and May 2016, 20 S. aureus isolates were recovered from pasteurized milk, 10 of which were resistant to cefoxitin, and as such, were methicillin-resistant. However, raw camel milk did not contain methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that the resistance ratio for other antibiotics was 60%. We performed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using primers for the methicillin-resistant gene mecA and nucleotide sequencing to detect and verify the methicillin-resistant strains. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) analysis of the gene sequences showed a 96–100% similarity between the resistant isolates and the S. aureus CS100 strain’s mecA gene. Ten of the methicillin-resistant isolates were heat-resistant and were stable at temperatures up to 85°C for 60 s, and three of these were resistant at 90°C for 60 or 90 s. The mean decimal reduction time (D85-value) was 111 s for the ten isolates. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) showed that there was no difference in the total protein profiles for the ten methicillin heat-resistant S. aureus (MHRSA) isolates and for S. aureus ATCC 29737. In conclusion, a relatively high percentage of the tested pasteurized camel milk samples contained S. aureus (20%) and MHRSA (10%).

scholarly journals Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings for patients of different age groups with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250955
Author(s):  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽  
Obaid S. AL-Aklobi ◽  
Mosleh M. Abomughaid ◽  
Mushabab A. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
D Dimer

Background Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rage worldwide, clinical and laboratory studies of this disease have been limited in many countries. We investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of COVID-19 infected patients to identify the effective indicators correlated with the disease. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia, from March 20 to June 30, 2020. Patients of different age groups were confirmed as having COVID-19 infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 132 patients, 85 were male and 47 were female, with a mean age of 50.9 years (SD±16.7). The patients were elderly (n = 29) and adults (n = 103). Of these, 54 (40.9%) had comorbidities, (25%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 12 (9.1%) died. On admission, the main clinical manifestations were fever (84.1%), cough (64.4%), shortness of breath (25%), chest pain (20.5%), and fatigue (18.2%). In all patients, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were observed. Patients’ lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 48.5%, D-dimer in 43.2%, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 40.9% of patients. The elderly showed higher neutrophil (p = 0.011) and lower lymphocyte (p = 0.009) counts than adults. Glucose, creatine kinase-MB, LDH, bilirubin, D-dimer, and ESR were significantly higher in the elderly than in the adults. The COVID-19 death group had a higher leucocyte count (p = 0.036), and higher urea (p = 0.029) and potassium (p = 0.022) than the recovered group but had a lower hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.018). A significant association was determined between COVID-19 death and the presence of cardiovascular disease (χ2(1) = 16.297, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2(1) = 12.034, p = 0.001), renal failure (χ2(1) = 3.843, p = 0. 05), old age (t (130) = 4.9, p <0.001), and ICU admission (χ2(1) = 17.6 (1), p<0.001). Conclusions Investigating some of the laboratory and clinical parameters could help assess the disease progression, risk of mortality, and follow up patients who could progress to a fatal condition.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates is Differentially Affected by Glucose and Sodium Chloride Supplemented Culture Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshad Lade ◽  
Joon Hyun Park ◽  
Sung Hee Chung ◽  
In Hee Kim ◽  
Jung-Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Accessory Gene ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes persistent biofilm-related infections. Biofilm formation by S. aureus is affected by the culture conditions and is associated with certain genotypic characteristics. Here, we show that glucose and sodium chloride (NaCl) supplementation of culture media, a common practice in studies of biofilms in vitro, influences both biofilm formation by 40 S. aureus clinical isolates (methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus) and causes variations in biofilm quantification. Methicillin-resistant strains formed more robust biofilms than methicillin-sensitive strains in tryptic soy broth (TSB). However, glucose supplementation in TSB greatly promoted and stabilized biofilm formation of all strains, while additional NaCl was less efficient in this respect and resulted in significant variation in biofilm measurements. In addition, we observed that the ST239-SCCmec (Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec) type III lineage formed strong biofilms in TSB supplemented with glucose and NaCl. Links between biofilm formation and accessory gene regulator (agr) status, as assessed by δ-toxin production, and with mannitol fermentation were not found. Our results show that TSB supplemented with 1.0% glucose supports robust biofilm production and reproducible quantification of S. aureus biofilm formation in vitro, whereas additional NaCl results in major variations in measurements of biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Colonization and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) in Patients from Tertiary

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Madiha Khan ◽  
Wafa Komal ◽  
Mushtaq A. Saleem ◽  
Naveed Ahmad ◽  
Zara Rafaque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

The methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is affecting the economy worldwide contributing to the increased morbidity and treatment costs. The present cross sectional study was conducted to determine the association of MRSA with kidney and liver patients from Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan and its antibacterialresistance patterns. The study was conducted for the period of one year; from April 2019 to April 2020. A total of 1984 different samples were obtained and examined for bacterial cultures using standard procedures. From total samples, 51.05% were collected from male and the rest 48.95% were collected from females including different age groups. Samples were inoculated on different culture media for isolation of S. aureus and susceptibility testing. A total of 253/1984 clinical samples exhibited S. aureus characteristics while 39 of 253 S. aureus (15.41%) were identified as MRSA. MRSA strains were found highly resistant to Amikacin (AK), Cefoxitin (FOX),Clindamycin (DA), Fusidic acid (FD), Gentamicin (CN) and Tobramycin (TOB) while highest sensitivity was noted against Vancomycin (100%) and Linezolid (100%). The presence of MRSA and multidrug resistance pose serious therapeutic burden to critically ill patients. A systematic and concerted effort is essential to identify high-risk patients rapidly and to reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document