The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family is widely involved in the destruction of the pulp and apical tissues in the inflammatory process. MMP9 is closely related to oral inflammation. Nevertheless, the specific function of MMP9 during oral inflammation, as well as its mechanism, is not well understood. Our previous studies found that in experimentally induced apical periodontitis, more severe inflammation occurred in MMP9 knockout mice compared with the wild type mice. Moreover, the pathology phenomenon of alveolar bone destruction was even more evident in MMP9 knockout mice compared with the wild type mice. We proposed that MMP9 has “anti-inflammatory” properties. We aimed to study the effects of MMP9 on inflammatory response as well as on bone formation and bone destruction. We found a specific relationship between MMP9 and inflammation. qRT-PCR and Western blot revealed that the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, RANK, RANKL, TLR2, and TLR4 was reduced by MMP9 in LPS-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells. Meanwhile, the expressions of OPG and OCN were increased by MMP9 in LPS-stimulated cells. MMP9 plays a protective role in LPS-induced inflammation, thereby providing new clues to the prevention and treatment of apical periodontitis.
Dentinogenesis and Tooth-Alveolar Bone Complex Defects in BMP9/GDF2 Knockout Mice