First Reported Case of Unilateral Graves' Disease in the Left Lobe of a Bilobar Thyroid Gland

Thyroid ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-686
Author(s):  
Louis C. Chen ◽  
Jennifer B. Green
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Graves Disease

scholarly journals Standardized grey scale ultrasonography in Graves' disease: correlation to autoimmune activity

1999 ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Schiemann ◽  
R Gellner ◽  
B Riemann ◽  
G Schierbaum ◽  
J Menzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Grey Scale ◽  
Antithyroid Drug Treatment ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study

OBJECTIVE: Graves' disease leads to thyroid enlargement and to reduction of tissue echogenicity. Our purpose was to correlate grey scale ultrasonography of the thyroid gland with clinical and laboratory findings in patients with Graves' disease. DESIGN: Fifty-three patients with Graves'disease were included in our study, 100 euthyroid volunteers served as control group. Free thyroxine (FT(4)), TSH and TRAb (TSH receptor antibodies) values were measured and correlated with sonographic echogenicity of the thyroid gland. METHODS: All patients and control persons underwent ultrasonographical histogram analyses under standardized conditions. Mean densities of the thyroid tissues were determined in grey scales (GWE). RESULTS: Compared with controls with homogeneous thyroid lobes of normal size (25.6 +/- 2.0GWE, mean +/- S.D.) echogenicity in patients with Graves' disease was significantly lower (21.3 +/- 3. 3GWE, mean +/- S.D., P < 0.0001). Among the patients with Graves' disease significant differences of thyroid echo levels were revealed for patients with suppressed (20.4 +/- 3.1 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=34) and normalized TSH values (22.5 +/- 3.6GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=19, P < 0.02). Significantly lower echogenicities were also measured in cases of persistent elevated TRAb levels (19.9 +/- 2.9GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=31) in comparison with normal TRAb levels (22.9 +/- 3.5 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=22, P < 0.0015). No correlation could be verified between echogenicity and either still elevated or already normalized FT(4) values or the thyroid volume. In coincidence of hyperthyroidism and Graves' ophthalmopathy (19.7 +/- 3.5GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=23) significantly lower echogenicity was measured than in the absence of ophthalmological symptoms (22.3 +/- 3.3GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=30, P < 0.016). Patients needing active antithyroid drug treatment revealed significantly lower thyroid echogenicity (20.3 +/- 3.1 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=40) than patients in remission (23.7 +/- 3.4 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=13, P < 0.001). Statistical evaluation was carried out using Student's t-test. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized grey scale histogram analysis allows for supplementary judgements of thyroid function and degree of autoimmune activity in Graves' disease. Whether these values help to estimate the risk of recurrence of hyperthyroidism after withdrawal of antithyroid medication should be evaluated in a prospective study.

scholarly journals Thyrotoxicosis treatment with lithium corbanate. Cases reported

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
I. A. Matsueva ◽  
A. B. Dalmatova ◽  
T. V. Andreychenko ◽  
E. N. Grineva
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Toxic Goiter

Treatment of thyrotoxicosis caused by Graves’ disease or multinodular toxic goiter, is not difficult, in most cases, since the prescription of thionamides allows to normalize the level of thyroid hormones quickly and safety. But in a number of cases this therapy might be associated with serious side effects (agranulocytosis, toxic hepatitis, cholestasis), severe allergic reactions and also individual intolerance on thionamides. In such cases lithium carbonate is used, especially in severe thyrotoxic syndrome. It is known, that lithium can accumulate in the thyroid gland at a concentration 3–4 times higher than in the plasma. Perhaps, lithium uses Na+/I- ions. It can inhibit the synthesis and secretion thyroid hormones of thyroid gland. The article presents the cases reported the use of lithium carbonate in thyrotoxicosis treatment before thyroidectomy. Administering low doses of carbonate lithium (900 mg/ per day) renders significant decrease or normalization of thyroid hormones concentration within 7–14 days, thus it let perform thyroidectomy on the patients. No side effects have been identified with such a short course of lithium carbonate treatment.

scholarly journals Mediastinal Thyroid Carcinoma and Graves’ Disease: A Rare Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sara Lomelino Pinheiro ◽  
Inês Damásio ◽  
Ana Figueiredo ◽  
Tiago Nunes da Silva ◽  
Valeriano Leite
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Palliative Radiotherapy ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
The Right

Background. Mediastinal thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Case Report. A 73-year-old man presented with weight loss for 6 months. Imaging by computed tomography (CT) documented a large mediastinal mass below the thyroid gland and pulmonary metastases. Neck ultrasound found two spongiform nodules in the right thyroid lobe, and fine-needle aspiration citology (FNAC) of these nodules revealed they are benign. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the mediastinal mass was compatible with papillary thyroid cancer. A few weeks later, the patient developed overt hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease, which was treated with antithyroid drugs. 99mPertechnetate scintigraphy showed increased diffuse uptake in the thyroid parenchyma but the absence of uptake in the paratracheal mass and in the lung nodules. The patient was not considered eligible for surgical intervention or therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitor due to tracheal and mediastinal vessel invasion and was treated with palliative radiotherapy. Two months later, restaging PET-FDG showed an intense uptake in the right lobe of the thyroid gland, lymph nodes, lungs, bone, muscle, myocardial, kidney, and adrenal gland. Conclusion. In this case, thyroid carcinoma presented as a mediastinal mass with concurrent hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease. Although uncommon, the clinicians should be aware of these situations. Obtaining a prompt histological examination of an intrathoracic mass is crucial to ensure an early diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Primary Hydatid Cyst of Thyroid Gland: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Eshraghi ◽  
Ladan Shahmoradi ◽  
Mahdiieh Ghoddoosi ◽  
Seyed Jafar Adnani Sadati
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Cystic Lesion ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Nodular Hyperplasia ◽  
Left Lobectomy ◽  
Primary Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal

AbstractA 34-year-old female patient was presented to the general surgery clinic of the hospital complaining of a growing tangible swelling in her neck. In physical examination, the patient had two palpable soft nodules in the left lobe of the thyroid which hadn’t invaded the surrounding tissues. The function of thyroid gland was normal and fine needle aspiration (FNA) result reported it benign. The patient went through a left lobectomy and isthmectomy. The histopathology report concluded a nodular hyperplasia and a Hydatid cyst. After surgery, the patient was examined searching for any other organs cyst, but there were no cystic lesion in the cranial, thoracic and abdominal cavities. Accordingly, the case was a primary thyroid hydatid cyst, which is rare, even in endemic regions like Iran.

LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF RADIOIODINE THERAPY FOR JUVENILE GRAVES DISEASE WITH EMPHASIS ON SUBSEQUENTLY DETECTED THYROID NODULES: A SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE FROM JAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Mizokami ◽  
Katsuhiko Hamada ◽  
Tetsushi Maruta ◽  
Kiichiro Higashi ◽  
Junichi Tajiri
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Long Term Outcomes

Objective: To investigate the long-term outcomes of radioiodine therapy (RIT) for juvenile Graves disease (GD) and the ultrasonographic changes of the thyroid gland. Methods: All of 117 juvenile patients (25 males and 92 females, aged 10 to 18 [median 16] years) who had undergone RIT for GD at our clinic between 1999 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Each RIT session was delivered on an outpatient basis. The maximum 131I dose per treatment was 13.0 mCi, and the total 131I dose per patient was 3.6 to 29.8 mCi (median, 13.0 mCi). 131I administration was performed once in 89 patients, twice in 26, and three times in 2 patients. Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland was regularly performed after RIT. The duration of follow-up after the initial RIT ranged from 4 to 226 (median 95) months. Results: At the latest follow-up more than 12 months after RIT (n = 111), the patients' thyroid functions were overt hypothyroidism (91%), subclinical hypothyroidism (2%), normal (5%), or subclinical hyperthyroidism (2%). New thyroid nodules were detected in 9 patients, 4 to 17 years after initial RIT. Patients with newly detected thyroid nodules underwent RIT with lower doses of 131I and had larger residual thyroid volumes than those without nodules. None of the patients were diagnosed with thyroid cancer or other malignancies during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Over a median follow-up period of 95 months (range, 4 to 226 months), RIT was found to be effective and safe in juvenile GD. However, cumulative evidence from further studies is required to confirm the long-term safety of RIT for juvenile GD. Abbreviations: ATD = antithyroid drug; GD = Graves disease; KI = potassium iodide; LT4 = levothyroxine; MMI = methimazole; PTU = propylthiouracil; RAIU = radio-active iodine uptake; RIT = radioiodine therapy; 99mTc = technetium-99m; TSH = thyrotropin

scholarly journals Papillary thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes with vanished thyroid gland after ablation of Graves’ disease by radioactive iodine

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. e122-e124
Author(s):  
O Hamdy ◽  
S Raafat ◽  
GA Saleh ◽  
K Atallah ◽  
Mahmoud M Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Thyroid Ablation

Primary thyroid carcinoma after thyroid ablation by radioactive iodine is rare. We present a very rare condition of lateral apparent papillary thyroid carcinoma eight years after receiving radioactive iodine for thyrotoxicosis, which led to complete anatomical and functional involution of the thyroid gland.

scholarly journals The relationship between the thyroid gland and body at different gestational age of developing human foetuses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Rajeev Mukhia ◽  
Bhawani Prasad Powar
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Foetuses

Background: Thyroid gland is one of the organs of interest for researchers since a long time. Though, detailed study about adult thyroid gland is there in the literature but thyroid gland at different stages in the foetal period is far less available.Aims and Objective: To find out the morphological and morphometric features on the development of foetal thyroid gland in relation with different gestational weeks.Materials and Methods: The study was carried in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal, on 40 human foetuses of known gestational age. The midline dissection of the neck was done to expose the thyroid gland. The shape and measurements like length, breadth and thickness of both lobe of the gland were noted.Results: The mean values of all parameters by gestational age were calculated. In the present study, the weight of foetuses showed gradual increase from 10th week to 38th weeks of gestation. In the normally developing foetuses the thyroid gland dimension and its weight also increases with increase gestational age.Conclusion: There was no more difference between the dimension of right and left lobe of thyroid gland. The study provides morphological and morphometric knowledge on the development of foetal thyroid gland from 10th week to 38th weeks of gestation. The knowledge of thyroid gland weight and dimension and body weight in relation to the gestational age might be helpful to judge the thyroid structure in preterm babies.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 40-44

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