scholarly journals The relationship between the thyroid gland and body at different gestational age of developing human foetuses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Rajeev Mukhia ◽  
Bhawani Prasad Powar
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Foetuses

Background: Thyroid gland is one of the organs of interest for researchers since a long time. Though, detailed study about adult thyroid gland is there in the literature but thyroid gland at different stages in the foetal period is far less available.Aims and Objective: To find out the morphological and morphometric features on the development of foetal thyroid gland in relation with different gestational weeks.Materials and Methods: The study was carried in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal, on 40 human foetuses of known gestational age. The midline dissection of the neck was done to expose the thyroid gland. The shape and measurements like length, breadth and thickness of both lobe of the gland were noted.Results: The mean values of all parameters by gestational age were calculated. In the present study, the weight of foetuses showed gradual increase from 10th week to 38th weeks of gestation. In the normally developing foetuses the thyroid gland dimension and its weight also increases with increase gestational age.Conclusion: There was no more difference between the dimension of right and left lobe of thyroid gland. The study provides morphological and morphometric knowledge on the development of foetal thyroid gland from 10th week to 38th weeks of gestation. The knowledge of thyroid gland weight and dimension and body weight in relation to the gestational age might be helpful to judge the thyroid structure in preterm babies.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 40-44

scholarly journals Iodine and iodothyronine content in human neonate thyroid gland

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Savin-Zegarac ◽  
Dubravka Cvejic ◽  
Olgica Nedic ◽  
R. Radosavljevic ◽  
Ivana Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Neonate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Neonates

A few years after the iodine content of salt in Serbia was increased from 7 to 15 mg/kg NaCI, iodine, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were measured in thyroid tissue obtained at autopsy from 21 human neonates who died within 30 days after birth. The thyroidal iodine as well as T4 and T3 content per gland in?creased progressively with gestational age of human neonates (r = 0.73, 0.70 and 0.67 respectively, p < 0.001). In seven newborns (gestational age 36 to 41 weeks) the mean values for total iodine, T4 and T3 per gland were 109.1 ?g, 52.2 ?g and 4.4 ?g respectively. The results of iodine and iodothyroninc content found in neonatal thyroid gland, particularly at the end of gestation and a few days of postnatal life, indicates that the iodine supply was satisfactory.

scholarly journals Morphological and morphometrical studies of the human foetal lung

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Rajeev Mukhia ◽  
Dil Islam Mansur ◽  
Sidharth Timsina ◽  
Taneja BK
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Adult Lung ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Foetal Lung

Background: Foetal lung is one of the organs of interest for researchers since a long time. Though, detailed study about adult lung is there in the literature but lungs at different stages in foetal period is less available. Aims and Objective: To find out the morphological and morphometrical features of the foetal lung in different gestational weeks. Materials and Methods: After ethical approval the study was carried out on 66 human foetal lungs aged between 16th to 40th gestational weeks in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal College of Medical Sciences. After the dissection of foetuses, the lungs were removed out and the presence of fissures and lobes for both lungs were noted. Weights of both lungs were calibrated by digital weighing machine. Dimensions of foetal lungs were recorded by vernier calliper. All the data were represented as mean then analyzed with MS excel 2007 software and represented graphically. Results: In the normally developing foetuses the dimensions of both lung increases with increase in gestational age with more or less difference between the dimension of right and left lung. There was number of variations seen in the fissures and lobes of the lungs. Conclusion: The fissures and lobes are needed for locating broncho-pulmonary segments hence, knowledge of their position is necessary both anatomically as well as clinically for planning lobectomies and surgical resections.

scholarly journals Histological Studies on Foetal Thyroid Gland of Developing Human Foetuses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Rajeev Mukhia ◽  
Dil Islam Mansur ◽  
Mahendra Raj Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Colloid Formation

Introduction: Thyroid gland is the first endocrine gland to develop. It is one of the organs of interest for researchers since a long time. Though, detailed study about adult thyroid is there in the literature but histological study of thyroid gland at different stages in the foetal period is far and few. The present study aims to assess the histogenesis of thyroid gland and also to correlate the functional activity with structural changes in thyroid gland. Methods: The study was carried out on 30 foetal thyroid gland of known gestational age ranging from 10 to 38 weeks foetuses. The midline dissection of neck was done to expose the thyroid gland. After tissue processing, paraffin blocks were prepared. All sections were stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin stain. Results: In the foetuses, below 12th gestational week no colloid was detected in thyroid gland.  First appearance of colloid was observed at 14th gestational week. Parafollicular cells were found after 17th gestational week. Capsule thickness and gland vascularity increased with advancement of gestational age. The size of the peripheral follicles is larger than the central follicles. Conclusions: The study concluded the developmental stage of foetal thyroid as Precolloidal stage, Colloid formation stage, Follicular stage and Maturation stage in different gestational weeks. The knowledge on the growth and differentiation of foetal thyroid will be helpful to the clinicians to judge the thyroid structure in preterm babies.

scholarly journals Gestational age estimation using transcerebellar diameter with grading of fetal cerebellar growth

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Anirban Das Gupta ◽  
Arindom Banerjee ◽  
N Rammurthy ◽  
P Revati ◽  
Josna Jose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Good Marker ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
I 32

Abstract Background : The transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) serves as a reliable predictor of gestational age (GA) of the fetus and is a standard against which aberrations in other fetal parameters can be compared, especially when the GA cannot be determined by the date of the last menstrual period or an early pregnancy scan. Aim : The aim of this study was to derive a regression equation and evaluate the relationship between transverse cerebellar diameter and gestational age, which will be helpful in assessing the fetal gestational age and also to evaluate the grades of cerebellum and to see its growth. Materials & methods : The prospective study was carried out in 292 pregnant women between 14-40 weeks of pregnancy attending the Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation, Amalapuram for routine ultrasound examination. Transverse cerebellar diameter was measured and cerebellum was graded using ultrasonography. Results : Fetal cerebella were found to be in 29%, 10% and 61 % cases as grade I, II and III respectively. The grade changed from I to III progressively with advancing gestation. The median GA and TCD were 20 wks and 22 mm for grade I, 32 wks and 30 mm for grade II and 36 wks and 38 mm for grade III. Conclusion : Regression analysis indicated a strong relationship between TCD and gestational age indicating TCD is a good marker for estimation of gestational age.

scholarly journals Histogenesis of Thyroid Gland in Dead Human Foetuses of Different Gestational Age

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anandi Neel Bande ◽  
Megha Arun Doshi ◽  
Ramesh Balkrishna Vaidya ◽  
Manisha Randhir Dhobale ◽  
Nitin Radhakishan Mudiraj
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Human Foetuses

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

Contribution a la rationalisation du reseau qualite de l’eau de la Baie James

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
B. Bobée ◽  
D. Cluis ◽  
A. Tessier
Keyword(s):  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
James Bay ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Multivariate Technique ◽  
Qualité De L’Eau ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A water quality sampling programme for James Bay territory established in a previous study has been carried out for the Department of Natural Resources of the Province of Quebec. The network is composed of 5 base-stations, sampled every fortnight to determine the variability with time of the parameters and 16 satellite-stations, sampled five times yearly with a view to determine the spatial variability. The data (major ions and certain nutrients) gathered during the 1974–1975 field survey are subjected to an analysis by a multivariate technique (correspondence analysis) in addition to certain classical statistical methods. The latter have shown that the mean values obtained at satellite stations were representative of the annual mean. In addition, the results permit the determination for a given parameter, of the relationship between stations and, for a given station, the relationship between parameters. In both cases, the formulation of predictive equations was attempted. An overall evaluation of the data by correspondence analysis has permitted: - a more precise definition of the qualitative behaviour of the different sub-basins of the James Bay territory and characterization of their waters;- a proof of the existence of gradual concentration changes in both East-West and North-South directions. Within the original objectives of the network, the results of the study have led to the following recommendations: - to continue synchronised samplings;- to transform a base station with a low information content into a satellite station;- to create a new base station in the eastern part of the territory.

Psychology: Volume 5

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Science Volume ◽  
Western World ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Indian Setting ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Relationship

This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume Five of this survey, Explorations into Psyche and Psychology: Some Emerging Perspectives, examines the future of psychology in India. For a very long time, intellectual investments in understanding mental life have led to varied formulations about mind and its functions across the word. However, a critical reflection of the state of the disciplinary affairs indicates the dominance of Euro-American theories and methods, which offer an understanding coloured by a Western world view, which fails to do justice with many non-Western cultural settings. The chapters in this volume expand the scope of psychology to encompass indigenous knowledge available in the Indian tradition and invite engaging with emancipatory concerns as well as broadening the disciplinary base. The contributors situate the difference between the Eastern and Western conceptions of the mind in the practice of psychology. They look at this discipline as shaped by and shaping between systems like yoga. They also analyse animal behaviour through the lens of psychology and bring out insights about evolution of individual and social behaviour. This volume offers critique the contemporary psychological practices in India and offers a new perspective called ‘public psychology’ to construe and analyse the relationship between psychologists and their objects of study. Finally, some paradigmatic, pedagogical, and substantive issues are highlighted to restructure the practice of psychology in the Indian setting.

scholarly journals The impacts of mediating the work environment on the mode choice in work trips

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 592-605
Author(s):  
Melchior Bria ◽  
Ludfi Djakfar ◽  
Achmad Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The impacts of work characteristics on travel mode choice behavior has been studied for a long time, focusing on the work type, income, duration, and working time. However, there are no comprehensive studies on the influence of travel behavior. Therefore, this study examines the influence of work environment as a mediator of socio-economic variables, trip characteristics, transportation infrastructure and services, the environment and choice of transportation mode on work trips. The mode of transportation consists of three variables, including public transportation (bus rapid transit and mass rapid transit), private vehicles (cars and motorbikes), and online transportation (online taxis and motorbike taxis online). Multivariate analysis using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling method was used to explain the relationship between variables in the model. According to the results, the mediating impact of work environment is significant on transportation choices only for environmental variables. The mediating mode choice effect is negative for public transportation and complimentary for private vehicles and online transportation. Other variables directly affect mode choice, including the influence of work environment.

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