Comparison of thermal burn-induced and excisional-induced scarring in animal models: a review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian E Rodrigues ◽  
David Dolivo ◽  
Yingxing Li ◽  
Thomas A Mustoe ◽  
Robert D Galiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Thermal Burn

scholarly journals Reward, Context, and Human Behaviour

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 626-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare L. Blaukopf ◽  
Gregory J. DiGirolamo
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Human Neuroimaging

Animal models of reward processing have revealed an extensive network of brain areas that process different aspects of reward, from expectation and prediction to calculation of relative value. These results have been confirmed and extended in human neuroimaging to encompass secondary rewards more unique to humans, such as money. The majority of the extant literature covers the brain areas associated with rewards whilst neglecting analysis of the actual behaviours that these rewards generate. This review strives to redress this imbalance by illustrating the importance of looking at the behavioural outcome of rewards and the context in which they are produced. Following a brief review of the literature of reward-related activity in the brain, we examine the effect of reward context on actions. These studies reveal how the presence of reward vs. rewardandpunishment, or being conscious vs. unconscious of reward-related actions, differentially influence behaviour. The latter finding is of particular importance given the extent to which animal models are used in understanding the reward systems of the human mind. It is clear that further studies are needed to learn about the human reaction to reward in its entirety, including any distinctions between conscious and unconscious behaviours. We propose that studies of reward entail a measure of the animal's (human or nonhuman) knowledge of the reward and knowledge of its own behavioural outcome to achieve that reward.

scholarly journals Perinatal Protein Undernutrition and Cardiovascular System: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (04) ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
José Xavier ◽  
Erivaldo Antonio ◽  
Lisiane Oliveira ◽  
Sandra de Souza ◽  
Juliana de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Protein Malnutrition ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
System A ◽  
Extensive Search

AbstractThe present study is a systematic review of the literature that aimed to characterize the profile in animal models used to study perinatal protein malnutrition correlating with the cardiovascular system and the implications of malnutrition to the heart. Therefore, an extensive search was conducted in the PubMed, BVS, and SciELO databases, using combinations of the descriptors protein malnutrition, pregnancy, heart, lactation, and cardiovascular system. A total of 247 articles were found, but after excluding duplicities and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, only 12 papers remained. The analysis of the results shows that the diet used in the studies has a protein content of between 17 and 22% for the control animals, and of between 0 and 9% for the animals submitted to perinatal protein malnutrition. The main morphofunctional changes observed in the cardiovascular system are related to high blood pressure, increased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and reduction in the absolute size of the heart, among other ultrastructural and molecular changes.

scholarly journals Experimental Animal Models in Periodontology: A Review

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Struillou ◽  
Hervé Boutigny ◽  
Assem Soueidan ◽  
Pierre Layrolle
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Periodontal Research

In periodontal research, animal studies are complementary to in vitro experiments prior to testing new treatments. Animal models should make possible the validation of hypotheses and prove the safety and efficacy of new regenerating approaches using biomaterials, growth factors or stem cells. A review of the literature was carried out by using electronic databases (PubMed, ISI Web of Science). Numerous animal models in different species such as rats, hamsters, rabbits, ferrets, canines and primates have been used for modeling human periodontal diseases and treatments. However, both the anatomy and physiopathology of animals are different from those of humans, making difficult the evaluation of new therapies. Experimental models have been developed in order to reproduce major periodontal diseases (gingivitis, periodontitis), their pathogenesis and to investigate new surgical techniques. The aim of this review is to define the most pertinent animal models for periodontal research depending on the hypothesis and expected results.

Translational Research in Biliary Atresia: News from Mice and Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Omid Madadi-Sanjani ◽  
Claus Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Kasai Portoenterostomy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Common Indication ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Cholestatic Diseases

AbstractBiliary atresia (BA) is a fibro-obliterative cholangiopathy of unknown etiology. While Kasai portoenterostomy achieves temporary biliary drainage in some cases, BA remains the most common indication for liver transplantation during childhood. During the last few decades, observations on BA, like cholestatic diseases in animals and the introduction of different animal models for BA, have not achieved the anticipated results, and we are still not able to translate the basic research to the patient's bedside. This article presents a review of the literature on available BA animal models and gives a glimpse of future developments.

scholarly journals Experimental animal models in scoliosis research: a review of the literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel M.A. Janssen ◽  
Roeland F. de Wilde ◽  
Jan-Willem M. Kouwenhoven ◽  
René M. Castelein
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Experimental Animal Models

scholarly journals Necrotizing enterocolitis, pathogenesis and the protector effect of prenatal corticosteroids

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Roberto Precioso ◽  
Renata Suman Mascaretti Proença
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Barrier

Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most frequently occurring gastrointestinal disorder in premature neonates. Animal models of necrotizing enterocolitis and prenatal administration of cortisone have demonstrated that cortisone may accelerate maturation of the mucosal barrier, therefore reducing the incidence of this gastrointestinal disorder. The authors present a review of the literature of the most important risk factors associated with necrotizing enterocolitis, such as inflammatory gastrointestinal mediators, enteral feeding and bacterial colonization, and immaturity of the gastrointestinal barrier, and we emphasize the necessity for additional studies to explore the prenatal administration of cortisone as a preventive strategy for necrotizing enterocolitis.

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