Individual or population priorities for population health: involving the public

2005 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Richard F. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
The Public

scholarly journals Populist radical right parties, welfare policy and population health in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Rinaldi ◽  
M P M Bekker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Population Health ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The political system is an important influencing factor for population health but is often neglected in the public health literature. This scoping review uses insights from political science to explore the possible public health consequences of the rise of populist radical right (PRR) parties in Europe, with welfare state policy as a proxy. The aim is to generate hypotheses about the relationship between the PRR, political systems and public health. Methods A literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar resulted in 110 original research articles addressing 1) the relationship between the political system and welfare state policy/population health outcomes or 2) the relationship between PRR parties and welfare state policy/population health outcomes in Europe. Results The influence of political parties on population health seems to be mediated by welfare state policies. Early symptoms point towards possible negative effects of the PRR on public health, by taking a welfare chauvinist position. Despite limited literature, there are preliminary indications that the effect of PRR parties on health and welfare policy depends on vote-seeking or office-seeking strategies and may be mediated by the political system in which they act. Compromises with coalition partners, electoral institutions and the type of healthcare system can either restrain or exacerbate the effects of the PRR policy agenda. EU laws and regulations can to some extent restrict the nativist policy agenda of PRR parties. Conclusions The relationship between the PRR and welfare state policy seems to be mediated by the political system, meaning that the public health consequences will differ by country. Considering the increased popularity of populist parties in Europe and the possibly harmful consequences for public health, there is a need for further research on the link between the PRR and public health.

scholarly journals Population health AI researchers’ perceptions of the public portrayal of AI: A pilot study

2020 ◽  
pp. 096366252096549
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Samuel ◽  
Heilien Diedericks ◽  
Gemma Derrick
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
The Media ◽  
Epistemic Modesty ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems ◽  
Research And Policy

This article reports how 18 UK and Canadian population health artificial intelligence researchers in Higher Education Institutions perceive the use of artificial intelligence systems in their research, and how this compares with their perceptions about the media portrayal of artificial intelligence systems. This is triangulated with a small scoping analysis of how UK and Canadian news articles portray artificial intelligence systems associated with health research and care. Interviewees had concerns about what they perceived as sensationalist reporting of artificial intelligence systems – a finding reflected in the media analysis. In line with Pickersgill’s concept of ‘epistemic modesty’, they considered artificial intelligence systems better perceived as non-exceptionalist methodological tools that were uncertain and unexciting. Adopting ‘epistemic modesty’ was sometimes hindered by stakeholders to whom the research is disseminated, who may be less interested in hearing about the uncertainties of scientific practice, having implications on both research and policy.

scholarly journals Commentary - Is the future of “population/public health” in Canada united or divided? Reflections from within the field

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Lucyk ◽  
Lindsay McLaren
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
The Public ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Population And Public Health

“Are population and public health truly a unified field, or is population health simply attaching itself to public health as a means of gaining credibility?” This commentary was prompted by the above question, which was asked during K. L.’s PhD candidacy exam. In response, K. L. cited recent developments in the field to support her conviction that population and public health (PPH) existed positively as a unified discipline. However, through conversations that ensued over the subsequent weeks and months, we concluded that this issue goes deeper than the existence of departments and organizations labelled “population and public health,” and may benefit from debate and discussion, particularly for the incoming generation of PPH scholars. In this commentary, we argue that (1) the PPH label at times implies a coherence of ideas, values and priorities that may not be present; (2) it is important and timely to work towards a more unified PPH; and (3) both challenges to and opportunities for a more unified PPH exist, which we illustrate using the broad areas of research funding, the public health workforce and PPH ethics.

scholarly journals The Challenge of Addressing Obesity: Moving to the Extremes

Challenges ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Glenn Laverack
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Future ◽  
Self Help Groups

Obesity is preventable but there is still no single model for prevention and no country has managed to convincingly reverse the growing trend, estimated in 2016 to be 650 million adults. Globally, the increase in obesity will have catastrophic consequences for the economy and for population health. ‘Desperate times breed desperate measures’ and this paper outlines the shift that many governments are being forced to make to halt the growth of obesity. Moving to the extremes means that the planning and coordination of strategies places an equal emphasis on top-down (policy, regulation, and taxation) and bottom-up (local actions, self-help groups, volunteerism) interventions. There is still an important role for communication, the middle-ground between the extremes of bottom-up and top-down, but governments must use ‘power-over’ measures to take control of the causes of obesity. Bringing the public with them will be crucial to success and can be achieved through a sharing of resources, a ‘power-with’, to combine top-down and bottom-up interventions in the future.

scholarly journals Pharmacy Contributions to Improved Population Health: Expanding the Public Health Roundtable

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Strand ◽  
Natalie A. DiPietro Mager ◽  
Lori Hall ◽  
Sarah Levin Martin ◽  
Daniel F. Sarpong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
The Public

scholarly journals Diploma course: “Health Economy tools for taking decisions”, a useful tool for health managers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Fé Fernández Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Real Dimension ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Public ◽  
Strong Relation

The Public Health services are closest related with the human develop. The strong relation between population health and labor productivity is determining the historical economic develop and the real capability to make sustainable the economic develop. Few sectors have an extensive and strong relation with the human develop as the Public Health. The health policies may insider over the whole population and can determine which population sector can access to the health services and the real dimension from the effective demand from these services too.

scholarly journals The art and science of a strategic grantmaker: the experience of the Public Health Agency of Canada’s Innovation Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 (S2) ◽  
pp. 186-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Bradley Dexter ◽  
Kelly Kavanagh Salmond ◽  
Leslie Payne ◽  
Marie C. Chia ◽  
Erica Di Ruggiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Systems Change ◽  
Iterative Learning ◽  
Public Health Agency ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Partnership Networks

Abstract Setting The Public Health Agency of Canada’s Innovation Strategy (PHAC-IS) was established amid calls for diverse structural funding mechanisms that could support research agendas to inform policy making across multiple levels and jurisdictions. Influenced by a shifting emphasis towards a population health approach and growing interest in social innovation and systems change, the PHAC-IS was created as a national grantmaking program that funded the testing and delivery of promising population health interventions between 2009 and 2020. Intervention During its decade-long tenure, the PHAC-IS supported the development of innovative, locally driven programs that emphasized health equity, encouraged iterative learning to respond reflexively to complex public health problems (the art), while at the same time promoting and integrating population health intervention research (the science) for improved health at the individual, community, and systems levels through four program components. Outcomes PHAC-IS projects reached priority audiences in over 1700 communities. Over 1400 partnerships were established by community-led organizations across multiple sectors with more than $30 million of leveraged funds. By the final phase of funding, 90% of the projects and partnership networks had a sustained impact on policy and public health practice. By the end of the program, 82% of the projects were able to continue their intervention beyond PHAC-IS funding. Through a phased approach, projects were able to adapt, reflect, and build partnership networks to impact policy and practice while increasing reach and scale towards sustainability. Implications Analysis and reflection throughout the course of this initiative showed that strong partnerships that contribute sufficient time to collaboration are critical to achieving meaningful outcomes. Building on evaluation cycles that strengthen project design can ensure both scale and sustainability of project achievements. Furthermore, a flexible, phased approach allows for iterative learning and adjustments across various phases to realize sustained population and systems change. The model and reflexive approach underlying the PHAC-IS has the potential to apply to a broad range of public programs.

scholarly journals Making sense of the evidence in population health intervention research: building a dry stone wall

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e004017
Author(s):  
David Ogilvie ◽  
Adrian Bauman ◽  
Louise Foley ◽  
Cornelia Guell ◽  
David Humphreys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
The Public ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Population Health Intervention Research ◽  
Population Health Intervention ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Public Health Challenges

To effectively tackle population health challenges, we must address the fundamental determinants of behaviour and health. Among other things, this will entail devoting more attention to the evaluation of upstream intervention strategies. However, merely increasing the supply of such studies is not enough. The pivotal link between research and policy or practice should be the cumulation of insight from multiple studies. If conventional evidence synthesis can be thought of as analogous to building a wall, then we can increase the supply of bricks (the number of studies), their similarity (statistical commensurability) or the strength of the mortar (the statistical methods for holding them together). However, many contemporary public health challenges seem akin to herding sheep in mountainous terrain, where ordinary walls are of limited use and a more flexible way of combining dissimilar stones (pieces of evidence) may be required. This would entail shifting towards generalising the functions of interventions, rather than their effects; towards inference to the best explanation, rather than relying on binary hypothesis-testing; and towards embracing divergent findings, to be resolved by testing theories across a cumulated body of work. In this way we might channel a spirit of pragmatic pluralism into making sense of complex sets of evidence, robust enough to support more plausible causal inference to guide action, while accepting and adapting to the reality of the public health landscape rather than wishing it were otherwise. The traditional art of dry stone walling can serve as a metaphor for the more ‘holistic sense-making’ we propose.

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