Mathematics and School Reform in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Abdulla Khan ◽  
Charu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
National Council ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Curriculum And Pedagogy ◽  
Curricular Framework ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Education In India ◽  
Reform In Mathematics Education

Initial efforts toward reform in mathematics education in India evolved out of a more general concern for educational reforms as they assumed a pivotal role in the agenda of modernization and development after independence. Mathematics as a foundational aspect of science and technology assumed a privileged status with recommendations to keep up with developments in technologically advanced countries. This led to the creation of an unduly loaded curriculum with little attention to children’s cognitive and developmental capacities and other more social and humane aspects of a well-rounded education. The early decades after independence were largely focused on providing access, and other than the rhetoric of equality and quality and overarching recommendations, little investment was made into researching the more nuanced aspects of learning and teaching and the social implications of schooling. Several important national commissions and two major policies put forward important recommendations for reform in mathematics education with suggestions for both curriculum and pedagogy. The early decades after independence saw a greater commitment to higher education, especially in the sciences and technology, and this began to shape the school curriculum, with mathematics as a major concern. Although critiques of the system were never totally absent, efforts at intervention in schools and at the ground level were initially made by smaller groups and nongovernmental organizations (NGOS), and then also nationally and regionally, to transform processes of schooling and learning with a focus on the learner rather than the content alone. A particularly large and comprehensive national effort at reforming school education in all subject areas was the National Curricular Framework, coordinated and initiated by the National Council of Educational Research and Training in 2005. This was a radical attempt at framing an alternative idea of schooling and learning, focused on the child, but with an acute awareness of the larger social, economic, and political structures within which schools, classrooms, teachers, and students are implicated.

Linking Teacher Interests or Backgrounds to Real-World Experiences for Students

1994 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Dorward ◽  
Steve Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Real World ◽  
Research Council ◽  
American Association ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
National Council ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Reform In Mathematics Education

A major theme in calls for reform in mathematics education is the recognition of the need to connect the study of mathematics to the rest of the world (American Association for the Advancement of Science 1989; National Research Council 1991; National Council of Teachers of Mathematics 1989). For some, this connection is obvious. For many, however, mathematics is perceived as a set of rules and procedures that have little to do with everyday experience.

Information for Contributors

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
National Council ◽  
Monograph Series ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Teaching Of Mathematics ◽  
Research In Mathematics Education

The Journal for Research in Mathematics Education (JRME) is a forum for disciplined inquiry into the learning and teaching of mathematics at all levels—from preschool through adult. The journal is published five times a year by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and also sponsors the publication of a monograph series that produces about one monograph each year. The JRME solicits highquality, research-oriented manuscripts that concern mathematics education. This statement provides updated information for contributors to the journal. It supersedes previous statements (JRME Editorial Board, 1993).

Asset-Based Approaches to Equitable Mathematics Education Research and Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Celedón-Pattichis ◽  
Lunney Lisa Borden ◽  
Stephen J. Pape ◽  
Douglas H. Clements ◽  
Susan A. Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
National Council ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Mathematics Teaching And Learning ◽  
And Mathematics

In July 2017, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) released a new mission statement that shifts the organization's primary focus to supporting and advocating for the highest quality mathematics teaching and learning for all students. A key strategy for achieving this goal is to advance “a culture of equity where each and every person has access to high quality teaching and is empowered as a learner and doer of mathematics” (NCTM, 2017, “Strategic Framework,” para. 2). Increasing equity and ensuring the highest quality mathematics teaching and learning for all students requires systemic change (National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics [NCSM] & TODOS: Mathematics for ALL, 2016). As educators are called to enact NCTM's new mission, we acknowledge that such change is complex. We also acknowledge that our own experiences conducting equity work that is grounded in an asset-based approach are at different stages of development, ranging from beginning levels to lived experiences as diverse mathematics learners and mathematics education researchers. We see this change in mission as a call to both act politically (Aguirre et al., 2017) and to change story lines (i.e., “broad, culturally shared narrative[s]”; Herbel-Eisenmann et al., 2016, p. 104) that dominate the public perception of mathematics learning and teaching. We acknowledge that systemic barriers are part of a larger educational issue, but for the purposes of this commentary, we focus on mathematics.

Feminist critique of developmentalism

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Spatig
Keyword(s):  
Learning Communities ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Educational Reforms ◽  
Feminist Critique ◽  
School Practices ◽  
Feminist Literature ◽  
Curriculum And Pedagogy ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Teachers And Students

Drawing on published feminist literature, this essay deconstructs developmentalism as a metanarrative that contributes to the oppression and exploitation of women and underpins educational practice. First, I examine feminist critiques of developmentalism, distinguishing between ‘insider critiques’ formulated by feminist psychologists evaluating and trying to improve traditional theories of human development and ‘outsider critiques’ articulated by feminists, both within and outside psychology, challenging science itself. Second, I address educational implications of the insider and outsider critiques of developmentalism. Educational reforms spawned by insider feminist critiques consist largely of efforts to make curriculum and pedagogy more ‘girl-friendly’. Reforms aligned with outsider feminist critiques call for ‘critique-friendly’ schooling that provides opportunities for reconceptualizing gender dualisms, critiquing school practices that strengthen dualisms and ongoing critique of educational reforms initiated in the name of such critiques. Following the outside critiques, I argue for feminist learning communities with authentic relationships between teachers and students whose diverse and changing identities and ideas are respectfully and compassionately acknowledged.

scholarly journals Development of Puzzel Learning Media by Crossword Puzzel

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prima Wahyu Titisari ◽  
Febi Acitika Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Crossword Puzzle ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Word Play ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Media ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Crossword Puzzles

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Learning media is a teaching and learning process that tends to be interpreted as graphical, photographic, or electronic tools to capture, process, and reconstruct visual or verbal information. Crosswords are a kind of word play. The learning media developed to facilitate teachers and students in the process of learning and teaching at Junior High School grade VIII. The purpose of this study was to prodice <em>puzzle </em>learning media by crossword <em>puzzle</em> and feasible to be developed as rearning media on human eireulatory system material. Based on the results of the observations that have been carried out, the teacher only uses descourse and less varied learning  which makes students bored in learning. The method used in this study is the research and development (R &amp; D), by ADDIE method, the researcher produced a crossword puzzle and its feasibility will be tested. The results of the study after the media were tested on the validator of media experts and material experts got a very decent category. The results of the research from the science teacher, get a very feasible assessment to be developed. The results of research on peer review get a very feasible category to be tested. And the results obtained during the trial of students with trials of small groups, middle groups and large groups led to a very decent category. To we it can be concluded that, puzzle learning media by crossword puzzles is very feasible to develop.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Puzzle learning media, crossword puzzles</p>

scholarly journals Enhancing the Students’ Learning Motivation by Using Instructional Media for Thailand’s Municipal School

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Salma Al Mardhiyyah ◽  
Mohammad Adnan Latief ◽  
Harits Masduqi
Keyword(s):  
Language Barrier ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Classroom Language ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Student Exchanges

In today’s era, the idea of conducting student exchanges and teaching practices overseas continues to grow. In this way, the cooperating countries can share their recent innovations in the field of education. The existence of a language barrier, however, may hinder learning and teaching in the classroom. Language barrier refers to the lack of a common language that prevents people from speaking to or understanding each other. It should be overcome as the information shared between teachers and students might be misinterpreted. This research was carried out as the researcher believed that the existing language barrier could be helped by increasing students’ motivation in the classroom. The aim of this study was to integrate the use of instructional media to enhance the students’ learning motivation of primary school in Thailand’s municipal school. This research used Classroom Action Research (CAR) design. The data was collected through the use of worksheets, still pictures, video recordings, interview guides, and field notes. The research results fulfilled the three criteria of success, namely classroom atmosphere, students’ learning motivation, and the strategy’s practicality. The researchers found that the use of instructional media could enhance students’ learning motivation and overcome the language barriers in the classroom.

scholarly journals How Does Language Impact the Learning of Mathematics? Let Me Count the Ways

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Boulet
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mathematics Classroom ◽  
Mathematical Discourse ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Key Factor

The role that language plays in the teaching and learning of mathematics is at the forefront of current literature in mathematics education. In this paper, I give particular attention to the manner in which teachers and students engage in the exploration of mathematical concepts and procedures with the goal of revealing how language impacts students’ learning. Through a series of examples of language commonly used in the mathematics classroom, I address specific issues pertaining to language used to describe mathematical processes, to read and interpret notation, and to define mathematical terms. Considering that communication is a key factor in the building of understanding, it is hoped that these examples will motivate teachers to examine and to adapt their own practices in order to cultivate productive and meaningful mathematical discourse in their classrooms.

scholarly journals O Fórum dos Coordenadores do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência no contexto de luta pela valorização dos professores da educação básica

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 06
Author(s):  
Alessandra ASSIS ◽  
Jaqueline Barbosa da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Teachers And Students

Este artigo intenciona socializar a trajetória do Fórum dos Coordenadores do PIBID (FORPIBID), enfatizando o percurso histórico do Programa no âmbito nacional. O diálogo paritário entre docentes e discentes, da Educação Básica e do Ensino Superior, evidencia o processo aprendente e ensinante que tem impulsionado a relação entre o FORPIBID, os órgãos financiadores e a rede interinstitucional de instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras, consolidando a luta pela permanência e aperfeiçoamento do programa, bem como sua organicidade em relação a outros programas voltados para a valorização da formação de professores para a Educação Básica, a exemplo do PARFOR, LIFE, PRODOCÊNCIA, NOVOS TALENTOS, PNAIC. FORPIBID. PIBID Diversidade. Educação Básica. Ensino Superior. ABSTRACTThis article intends to socialize the trajectory of the Fórum dos Coordenadores do PIBID (PIBID Coordinators Forum - FORPIBID), emphasizing the historical way of the program in the national scope. The dialogue between peers of the teachers and students, from the basic education and the higher education, evidences the learning and teaching process that has boosted the relation between the FORPIBID, the financiers agencies and the inter institutional net of the Brazilians high education institutions, consolidating the fight for the permanence and the improvement of the program, as well as its organization concerning the other programs direct toward the appreciation of the teachers education to the basic education, as it has been seen in PARFOR, LIFE, PRODOCÊNCIA, NOVOS TALENTOS, PNAIC. FORPIBID. PIBID Diversidade. Basic Education. Higher Education.The Forum of the Institutional Program of the Initiation to Teaching Scholarship in the context of the struggle for the valuation of primary education teachers

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE TO MODERN ERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 506-512
Author(s):  
Chetlal Prasad ◽  
◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
State Level ◽  
National Council ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Education In India ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Enrolment Ratio ◽  
Teaching Learning

The institutional framework of higher education in India consists of Universities and Colleges. As reported in 2019, India has 993 universities and 39,931 colleges. One of the key objectives of the Department is to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education to 30% by 2020. Higher Education system in the country is governed by multiple agencies with University Grant Commission (UGC) as the apex body. The rule and regulations by these agencies makes the higher education system more complex. The various stakeholders in the regulatory framework in the country are State Governments, professional councils like University Grant Commission (UGC), All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) etc. and five professional councils at the state level like Rehabilitation Council of India (RCI), State Educational and Research Council (SCERT) etc. This regulatory arrangement of higher education in India is very complex and disfunctional. Global Initiative for Academics Network (GIAN): The programme seeks to invite distinguished academicians, entrepreneurs, scientists, experts from premier institutions from across the world, to teach in the higher educational institutions in India.UGCs Learning Outcome-based Curriculum Framework (LOCF) in HEIs.by updating curriculum fromacademic year 2019-20.and adopting learner centric teaching learning processes bysuitable improvement in the pedagogy.

scholarly journals A Study on Implication of Prototype Theory in English Vocabulary Teaching

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Hongmei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Prototype Theory ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
Teachers And Students

Nowadays, English plays an increasingly important role in international communication. Vocabulary plays the important role in the process of English learning and teaching. Although the significance of the vocabulary teaching and learning have been noticed by the teachers and students, the current situation of English vocabulary teaching and learning is not satisfactory in most Chinese schools. This paper applies the prototype theory and other related theories, which contains the three levels of categorization and two cognitive mechanism, to vocabulary teaching and learning. The paper aims at exploring the implications that prototype theory indicates in English vocabulary teaching and learning, finding out the crux of English vocabulary teaching and learning. Teachers need to consciously foster students’ metaphorical and metonymical awareness when teaching vocabulary.

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