Smart Decarceration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Pettus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
The World

After a period of mass incarceration that spanned the 1970s through the 2010s, the United States remains the leading incarcerator in the world. Incarceration rates in the United States outpace those of other countries by several hundred per 100,000. Incarceration rates began to decline slightly in 2009, when there was a loss of fiscal, political, and moral will for mass incarceration policy and practices. First, the onset of smart decarceration approaches, the historical context from which smart decarceration stems, and the societal momentum that led to the conceptualization of smart decarceration are described. Smart decarceration is a lead strategy in social work that has been adopted by the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare as one of the 12 Grand Challenges for Social Work for the decade 2015–2025. Finally, an overview of the current status of smart decarceration and details shifts and initiatives to pursue at the intersection of social work and smart decarceration is provided.

scholarly journals Amnesty or Abolition?

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Lytle Hernández
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Undocumented Immigrants ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Control ◽  
The Social

Convicts and undocumented immigrants are similarly excluded from full social and political membership in the United States. Disfranchised, denied core protections of the social welfare state and subject to forced removal from their homes, families, and communities, convicts and undocumented immigrants, together, occupy the caste of outsiders living within the United States. This essay explores the rise of the criminal justice and immigration control systems that frame the caste of outsiders. Reaching back to the forgotten origins of immigration control during the era of black emancipation, this essay highlights the deep and allied inequities rooted in the rise of immigration control and mass incarceration.

On the essentials of drought in a changing climate

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6488) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby R. Ault
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
The World

Droughts of the future are likely to be more frequent, severe, and longer lasting than they have been in recent decades, but drought risks will be lower if greenhouse gas emissions are cut aggressively. This review presents a synopsis of the tools required for understanding the statistics, physics, and dynamics of drought and its causes in a historical context. Although these tools have been applied most extensively in the United States, Europe, and the Amazon region, they have not been as widely used in other drought-prone regions throughout the rest of the world, presenting opportunities for future research. Water resource managers, early career scientists, and veteran drought researchers will likely see opportunities to improve our understanding of drought.

In Reply: Use and Misuse of Oral Therapy for Diarrhea

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1073-1074
Author(s):  
JOHN D. SNYDER
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Oral Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Oral Rehydration Salts

As Dr O'Banion points out, most of the oral therapy solutions available in the United States are classified as maintenance solutions by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). However, as mentioned in the paper, these solutions have proven to be very effective treatment for children with dehydration in this country. Solutions conforming to the AAP recommendations as rehydration solutions are not as widely available in this country. The WHO/UNICEF oral rehydration salts formulation, which is supplied as inexpensive packets throughout the world, is not found easily in the US.

scholarly journals Teaching Undergraduate Courses on Robotics and Control in Prison

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (09) ◽  
pp. S11-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Bretl
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Black Males ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incarceration Rate ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Federal Prisons ◽  
White Males ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

There is growing public consensus that the system of mass incarceration in the United States needs reform. More than 2.2 million residents (0.73%) of the United States were held in state or federal prisons or in local jails at the end of year 2010 [1]. This incarceration rate is the highest in the world, and disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities: 4.35% of black males were held in custody compared to 0.68% of white males in 2010.

scholarly journals Amplified injustices and mutual aid in the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 147332502097332
Author(s):  
Finn McLafferty Bell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
The World ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
Ways Of Being

The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified existing injustices in the United States, which is exemplified in Ypsilanti, Michigan. However, the pandemic also provides an opportunity to re-imagine existing ways of being in the world, and mutual aid networks that have provided for people's basic needs during multiple crises while also working towards more radical change provide an opportunity for social workers to examine their relationship to “helping.” The author uses their personal experience with a local mutual aid network to examine the power and possibility of mutual aid, particularly in times of crisis, as well as sources of social work resistance to decentralized and non-professional forms of helping and caring. These lessons are carried beyond the COVID-19 pandemic to their consequences for the looming climate crisis.

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