4. Repeal

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-114
Author(s):  
W. J. Rorabaugh
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
First Amendment ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
And Control

By the late Twenties, Americans increasingly recognized that prohibition could not work, but getting the political system to tackle the issue was hard. ‘Repeal’ explains that it would take another national crisis, the Great Depression, to end prohibition. As the economy declined in the early Thirties, government officials faced falling revenues while the demand for public services increased. This appetite for revenue, along with changing public opinion, forced reconsideration of alcohol policy. The Twenty-first Amendment was ratified in December 1933. Alcohol became widely available, but high taxes kept the price high enough to reduce consumption, state governments determined where alcohol was sold or consumed, and control boards decided the circumstances under which it was drunk.

The Many Faces of Leftism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Trencsényi ◽  
Michal Kopeček ◽  
Luka Lisjak Gabrijelčič ◽  
Maria Falina ◽  
Mónika Baár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Socialist Realism ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
The Many

The success of the Bolshevik Revolution confirmed that economic backwardness was not necessarily an obstacle for socialism, as it triggered the radicalization of leftist movements in the region. Yet this also led to polarization of the left on questions of Soviet-Russian developments and possible cooperation with non-socialist parties, as well as agrarian and national questions. While in many countries social democracy entered the political mainstream in the 1920s, its position was undermined by the rise of right-wing authoritarianism. In turn, the Great Depression made the communist position more plausible, but the Stalinization of communist parties and the imposition of socialist realism alienated most intellectual supporters. Eventually, some radical leftists turned against the communist movement attacking its dogmatism and the Stalinist show trials. At the same time, the rise of Nazism forced leftist groups to seek a common ground, first in the form of “Popular Front” ideology, and, during the war, in the form of armed partisan movements.

scholarly journals War 2008 das neue 1929? Richtige und falsche Vergleiche zwischen der Großen Depression der 1930er Jahre und der Großen Rezession von 2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 36-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Ritschl
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Response ◽  
Fast Spreading

AbstractThe Great Recession of 2008 hit the international economy harder than any other peacetime recession since the Great Contraction after 1929. Soon enough, analogies with the Great Depression were presented, and conclusions were drawn regarding the political response to the slump. This paper is an attempt to sort out real and false analogies and to present conclusions for policy. Its main hypothesis is that the Great Recession resembles the final phase of the Great Contraction between 1931 and 1933, characterized by a fast spreading global financial crisis and the breakdown of the international Gold Standard. The same is also true of the political responses to the banking problems occurring in both crises. The analogy seems less robust for the initial phase of the Great Depression after 1929. The monetary policy response to the Great Recession largely seems to be informed by the monetary interpretation of the Great Depression, but less so by the lessons from the interwar financial crises. As in the Great Depression, policy appears to be on a learning curve, moving away from a mostly monetary response toward mitigating counterpart risk and minimizing interbank contagion.

The Political ‘Left’ in the Interwar Period, 1924–1939

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Radcliff
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
The Political ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
Political Left

In the turbulent interwar period, the political ‘Left’ was one of the most visible protagonists, with historians continuing to disagree about the role it played in shaping the outcome of the political struggles. Embedded in strong ‘moral narratives’ about the ‘rise of fascism’, the ‘crisis of democracy’, and the nature of the Bolshevik Revolution, the political Left has been vilified or lionized. For the period from the mid-1920s until 1939, both supporters and detractors agree that the Left was on the defensive, internally divided and weakened by the Great Depression and subject to repression by the state, whether democratic, authoritarian, or Stalinist. This chapter argues that the failure narrative should not subsume the vibrant experimentation and rich and contradictory diversity of the Left experience. A portrait emerges of the interwar Left that wrestled with inevitably imperfect and varied solutions to the ‘problem of community life’ in twentieth-century mass society.

The Late, Great Globalization

2009 ◽  
Vol 108 (714) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold James
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
The World

We are likely to see more and more parallels with the political dynamics of the world of the Great Depression.

Detroit and the political origins of ‘broken windows’ policing

Race & Class ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Jay ◽  
Philip Conklin
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The Political ◽  
Broken Windows ◽  
Us History ◽  
Downtown Area ◽  
Stop And Frisk ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Political Origins

The authors argue that ‘broken windows’ policing strategies, promoted officially as a means of reducing crime, though criticised by liberals for the potentially discriminatory impact on non-whites, should rather be viewed as an integral component of the state’s attempts to coercively manage the contradictions of capitalism. Taking issue with Wacquant, they stress the need to situate policing strategies in terms of the resistances waged by racialised surplus populations. Examining Detroit, they provide a history, spanning the years between the Great Depression and the aftermath of the Great Rebellion in 1967, which was, at the time, the largest civil uprising in US history, to contextualise the introduction of stop-and-frisk in the mid-1960s. This policy, they argue, was predominantly part of an attempt to contain and repress the political threat emerging from the active and reserve sections of the black working class. They go on to analyse the ‘broken windows’ strategies in contemporary Detroit so as to situate them in relationship to other processes in the now bankrupt Motor City, such as home foreclosures, water shutoffs, and investment and gentrification in the greater downtown area.

Working People’s Responses to Past Depressions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Life ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Broad Overview

This chapter sketches out a broad overview of economic panics and workers' responses to them in the United States from Jacksonian times to the Great Depression. Since the founding of the Republic, working men and women have been all too familiar with alternating periods of boom times and hard times, with seasonal unemployment, with marked differences in availability of jobs among various parts of the country, and with general depressions abruptly precipitated by overproduction of wares or by bank panics. Not all downturns struck with the same severity. The crisis of the early 1840s pitched nine state governments into default (primarily in the rapidly expanding cotton kingdom), while the depression that began in 1873 sent ten state governments into default over the ensuing eleven years. The sharp collapse between the spring of 1907 and the spring of 1908 so crippled the economy that for many months more immigrants left the United States for their homelands or other countries than disembarked here. The depressions of 1873–79, 1893–98, and 1929–40 set the stage for fundamental restructuring of industrial, agricultural, and political life.

The Political Stage: American Drama and Theater of the Great Depression

1975 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Richard D. McKinzie ◽  
Malcolm Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
The Political ◽  
American Drama ◽  
The Great Depression
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