War and Religion: A Very Short Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolyon Mitchell ◽  
Joshua Rey
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Just War ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Religious People ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

War and Religion: A Very Short Introduction traces the history of religion and war. Is religion a force for war or a force for peace? From the crusades to Sri Lanka's civil war, religion has been involved in some of the most terrible wars in history. Yet from the Mahabharata to just war theory, religion has also provided ethical frameworks to moderate war, while some of the bravest pacifists have been deeply religious people. Ranging from ancient history to modern day conflicts, this VSI offers a nuanced view on these issues that have had such weight in the past, and which continue to shape the present and future.

scholarly journals Islamic Perspective on Syaifudin Ibrahim’s Priester (Analysis Of The Views, Assumptions And Challenges Of The Reverend Syaifuddin Ibrahim Against Muslims)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Eko Nopriyansa
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Religious People ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Dialogue ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

The phenomenon of religious people and freedom to choose religion as a belief in life becomes freedom that cannot be bargained. The series of past history reminds religious people that the Presence of Religion is on the most principle principle, in order to be a solution in various aspects of human life, apart from the dark history of Religion which is ridden by the interests of power and vice versa on the power of Religion. Furthermore, the context of the past is a compass of the future of Religion which is burdened by every follower of Religion. The presence of Christianity as a Missionary religion and Islam as a Da'wah religion opened a space for religious social dialogue, because both were involved in Agamanization. Furthermore, the two characteristics possessed by each religion will certainly ignite the enthusiasm of Christian evangelists and preachers on the part of Islam to compete in assuming the truth of the perspective. The presence of this article will open a space for scientific dialogue to the two communities, in exposing the views and assumptions of Reverend Murtadin Saifudin Ibrahim who has an Islamic background and assumes that he is one of the Islamic leaders who then turned to become a Christian priest. Furthermore this article is not an Interference to Saifudin Ibrahim's new beliefs, but this article is to answer Saifudin Ibrahim's assumptions and views on Islam as the largest religion among religious people in Indonesia. In the end, hopefully this article can answer various obscure views and thoughts, and thoughts that intercept the faith in Islam in Indonesia.

scholarly journals ISLAM PERSPEKTIF DAN PERSPEKTIF ISLAM TENTANG PENDETA SYAIFUDIN IBRAHIM (Analisis Pandangan, Asumsi, dan Tantangan Pendeta Syaifuddin Ibrahim Terhadap Umat Muslim)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Eko Nopriyansa
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Religious People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Dialogue ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

The phenomenon of religious people and freedom to choose religion as a belief in life becomes freedom that cannot be bargained. The series of past history reminds religious people that the Presence of Religion is on the most principle principle, in order to be a solution in various aspects of human life, apart from the dark history of Religion which is ridden by the interests of power and vice versa on the power of Religion. Furthermore, the context of the past is a compass of the future of Religion which is burdened by every follower of Religion. The presence of Christianity as a Missionary religion and Islam as a Da'wah religion opened a space for religious social dialogue, because both were involved in Agamanization. Furthermore, the two characteristics possessed by each religion will certainly ignite the enthusiasm of Christian evangelists and preachers on the part of Islam to compete in assuming the truth of the perspective. The presence of this article will open a space for scientific dialogue to the two communities, in exposing the views and assumptions of Reverend Murtadin Saifudin Ibrahim who has an Islamic background and assumes that he is one of the Islamic leaders who then turned to become a Christian priest. Furthermore this article is not an Interference to Saifudin Ibrahim's new beliefs, but this article is to answer Saifudin Ibrahim's assumptions and views on Islam as the largest religion among religious people in Indonesia. In the end, hopefully this article can answer various obscure views and thoughts, and thoughts that intercept the faith in Islam in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Scarred souls, weary warriors, and military intervention: the emergence of the subject in the just war writings of Jean Bethke Elshtain

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER LEE
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Just War ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
Military Force ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Just War Tradition ◽  
A Site

AbstractOver the past three decades Jean Bethke Elshtain has used her critique and application of just war as a means of engaging with multiple overlapping aspects of identity. Though Elshtain ostensibly writes about war and the justice, or lack of justice, therein, she also uses just war a site of analysis within which different strands of subjectivity are investigated and articulated as part of her broader political theory. This article explores the proposition that Elshtain's most important contribution to the just war tradition is not be found in her provision of codes or her analysis of ad bellum or in bello criteria, conformity to which adjudges war or military intervention to be just or otherwise. Rather, that she enriches just war debate because of the unique and sometimes provocative perspective she brings as political theorist and International Relations scholar who adopts, adapts, and deploys familiar but, for some, uncomfortable discursive artefacts from the history of the Christian West: suffused with her own Christian faith and theology. In so doing she continually reminds us that human lives, with all their attendant political, social, and religious complexities, should be the focus when military force is used, or even proposed, for political ends.

MODERN PERFORMANCE ON THE KAZAKH KOBYZ

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
T. Zh. Yeginbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ensemble Performance ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
New Development ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

Global processes in the musical culture of Kazakhstan are the result of the numerous events that have taken place in the country over the past 20 years. The independence of the state has become a key factor that has had a decisive impact on the economic, socio-political and cultural development of the country. We have entered a new life, which has a rich cultural heritage and was carefully preserved by our ancestors. One of the proofs is the history of Kazakh kobyz art from ancient times to the present day. Modern kobyz art is closely connected with ancient history and has a rich natural tendency for new development, based on centuries of experience. Therefore, kobyz music of the XXth–XXIst centuries absorbed the traditions of European genres and styles, and is widely used in mass music, in various directions of ethnorock, art-rock, folk and others. Two lines of development of music for kobyz and music on kobyz existed in ancient times and nowadays. From here comes the divergence of creative direction among modern composers and in ensemble performance.

scholarly journals Metamorphoses of the Divine Absolute in the Light of Religious Studies Vision (by the Work of Kyiv Theological Academy Professor Yakym Olesnytskyi “From Talmudic Mythology”)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Serhii Holovashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Phenomenology Of Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biblical Scholar ◽  
Empirical Material

The article continues the series of investigations that demonstrate the experience of religious reading of the significant works of prominent Kyiv professors-academics of the last third of the 19th – early 20th century. These works have accumulated a powerful array of empirical material relevant to the history and theory of religious studies. Accordingly, the reconstruction of the field of theoretical positions important for the formation of the “science of religion” in the domestic intellectual tradition is currently being updated.The work of the Hebrew scholar and biblical scholar Yakym Olesnytsky is represented. This researcher was one of the first in the domestic humanities to analyze the “aggadic” layer of Talmudic writing through the prism of comparative-religious and religious-historical approaches. Metamorphoses of biblical images and plots, events of the ancient history of the Hebrew people, which arose under the influence of various mythological, philosophical, and folk traditions, were revealed. There was a real demythologization of “aggadah” from the standpoint of historical and literary criticism.On the basis of a religious reading of J. Olesnytsky’s text, this article traces some metamorphoses of theistic ideas in the process of the rise of Talmudic Judaism. They are analyzed from the point of view of the categories relevant to the philosophy and phenomenology of religion: Religious Experience, the Supernatural, the Another Reality as Sacred, the Absolute. A number of cognitive situations initiated by Olesnytsky, valuable from the point of view of a wider range of disciplines: philosophy and phenomenology of religion, history of religion, sociology and psychology of religion, religious comparative studies have been identified. This experience will be used in further research on the materials of the work of a well-known Kyiv academician.

Civil War and Revolution

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Parry
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Just War ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
Just Cause ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Civil Conflicts ◽  
Ethics Of War ◽  
National Defence

The vast majority of work on the ethics of war focuses on traditional wars between states. This chapter aims to show that this is an oversight worth rectifying. The strategy is largely comparative, assessing whether certain claims often defended in discussions of interstate wars stand up in the context of civil conflicts and whether there are principled moral differences between the two types of case. Firstly, the chapter argues that thinking about intrastate wars may help us make progress on important theoretical debates in recent just war theory. Secondly, it considers whether certain kinds of civil wars are subject to a more demanding standard of just cause, compared to interstate wars of national defence. Finally, it assesses the extent to which having popular support is an independent requirement of permissible war and whether this renders insurgencies harder to justify than wars fought by functioning states.

Sound—So What?

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Us History ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

“Sound—So What?” proposes to answer the following questions: Why listen to the past? What are the interpretive dividends of paying attention to sounds, noises, and silences? What do we lose by not listening? The article answers these questions by charting how some key works in historical acoustemology have enhanced, textured, and revised our understanding of US history for all eras. The article examines how key themes in the history of religion, westward expansion, and urbanization have been refined and revised by a number of works that have listened carefully to the past.

Decolonizing youth development: re-imagining youthwork for indigenous youth futures

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-386
Author(s):  
Katie Johnston-Goodstar
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Youth Organizations ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tribal Societies ◽  
History Of

Drawing on scientific theories of racial supremacy and efforts by Western nations to develop uncivilized races, preeminent psychologist G. Stanley Hall proposed that the bio-psychological development of children recapitulated the ancient history of mankind. Utilizing Hall’s theory, US youth organizations designed programs for young people to engage corresponding sociological stages. Using archival sources, I document how Hall’s theory, and the “playing Indian” programs established from it, secured settler colonialism by marginalizing Indigenous cultures, governance, laws and ideologies and positioning tribal societies as primitive and childlike relics of the past destined to be replaced by modern man and nation. I then introduce the specter of recapitulation and how these ideas continue to harm Indigenous communities, and exponentially harm Indigenous youth. Finally, using Ermine’s concept of ethical space, I conclude by exploring the space between knowledge systems about youth and presenting possibilities for decolonizing youth development and reimagining youthwork supportive of Indigenous youth futures.

Missing Millions: The Demographic Costs of the Mexican Revolution

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert McCaa
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Cost ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
The Revolution

The Mexican Revolution was a demographic disaster, but there is little agreement about the human cost or its demographic components. Were the missing millions due to war deaths, epidemics, emigration, lost births, or simply census error or evasion? Reading the demographic history of the Revolution from a subsequent census, such as the highly regarded enumeration of 1930, yields more precise figures than those obtained from the usual benchmark, the census of 1921. The 1930 figures are of better quality and, therefore, more suitable for making an assessment by age and sex. This analysis shows that in terms of lives lost, the Mexican Revolution was a demographic catastrophe, comparable to the Spanish Civil War, which has been ranked the ninth deadliest international conflict over the past two centuries. La Revolucióón Mexicana fue un desastre demográáfico; sin embargo, no existe consenso en el monto de la péérdida demográáfica ni de sus componentes. ¿¿Los millones perdidos fueron por la emigracióón, la mortalidad por epidemias, las muertes por la guerra, la caíída en el núúmero de nacimientos, o simplemente error estadíístico? Leyendo la historia demográáfica de la Revolucióón de un censo posterior, como por ejemplo el de 1930, ya que goza de reconocimiento por su calidad y confiabilidad, puede llevarse a cifras, por sexo y edad, mejor fundamentadas. En téérminos de las péérdidas de vidas, las nuevas estimaciones colocan a la Revolucióón Mexicana, junto con la Guerra Civil Españñola, como la novena guerra con mayor mortalidad en el contexto internacional, en los úúltimos dos siglos.

The Scars of Victory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Campbell ◽  
Brent J. Steele
Keyword(s):  
International Conflict ◽  
Just War ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
Reasonable Expectation ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exclusive Focus

A key provision in just war theory counsels that it is unjust to engage in conflict without a reasonable expectation of success. This is often imbued with an exclusive focus on achievability, such that success is connected to an a priori ethical end. This chapter challenges the focus on achievement by untangling the process from the ends. We argue that the most powerful political processes do not have the ‘finality’ so actively sought in ‘winning’ an international conflict. Instead, the process of cultivating finality through victory in war is too often dependent upon an assumed moral outcome driven through the politically, historically, and affectively determinative presentations of the past, presented in the visual and metaphorical scars of victory and defeat. Thus, scars of violence, visceral instances in which conflicts, regardless of outcome, are continually open, perpetuate interpretations and exist independent of attempts to achieve finality through their politicized use.

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