Research in the Religious Realm: Intersectional Diversification and Dynamic Variances of Insider/Outsider Perspectives

This article discusses insider/outsider perspectives in qualitative research among religious people. Focus is on the insider researcher. Even if researcher and participants share the same overall religious adherence or are members of the same denomination, various factors can differentiate them substantially, affecting insider/outsider perspectives. The methodological implications of this phenomenon are drawn from research on the perception of gender roles among Mormon women in Belgium. The mutual perception of researcher and participant can influence the data collection phase as value-laden issues are being discussed. To ensure the validity and objectivity of research in this context, positionalities of researcher and participants need to be clearly defined and methodological safeguards put into place. The analysis of the interactions between researcher and participants led to the identification of seven intersecting insider/outsider perspectives: denominational, congregational, social, religious, topical, lingual, and academic. Moreover, as compound insider/outsider positions move on several continua, various factors can change the perspectives during interviews. This article adds to the methodology of qualitative research by uncovering perspectives which researchers can consider or adapt when interviewing religious participants.

Kegiatan KKN Virtual Mahasiswi STIBA Makassar Berbasis Al-Qur’an di Sumatera Utara

The purpose of the implementation of this KKN is to empower, foster, and increase the capacity of the local community. The method of implementing the KKN program begins by observing the condition of the community using SOAR analysis which then produces several programs including: (1) Seminar Al-Qur’an; (2) Tahfiz Harian; (3) Pengajaran Al-Qur’an Metode Dirosa; (4) Taklim Fikih Muslimah, dan (5) Poster Dakwah. All these programs are running well and smoothly, this is characterized by the continued program of coaching and teaching of the Qur'an even though the KKN has ended. As a result, there appears to be a change in the attitudes and behavior of more religious people, and the ability to read the Qur'an is getting better.

RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN THE RECITATION ACTIVITY OF MUSLIMAT NU: An Effort to Prevent Religious Extremism

The lives of religious people are often in the spotlight because of complex problems. Religion which is supposed to be the source of peace, causes chaos. Hence, the moderation values must be taught in religious life to create peace. This study aims to explain the efforts and contribution of Muslimat NU Durek Hamlet, Batu City in internalizing the religious moderation values to prevent religious extremism. This is a qualitative research with a case study approach. The data are collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis technique includes data condensation, data display, conclusion drawing and verifying. The data are then verified using triangulation techniques. The results reveal that there are three efforts done by the Muslimat NU Durek Hamlet to internalize the religious moderation, namely oral method, exemplary, and monitoring. The values taught are balance, tolerance, deliberations, good prejudice and fair. Meanwhile, the contribution of religious moderation in preventing religious extremism is tolerance for differences, being friendly, polite, and doing deliberation.

INDIGENOUS COUNSELING: KARAKTERISTIK SPIRITUAL DALAM TRADISI ROBO-ROBO PADA MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN SUNGAI KAKAP, KALIMANTAN BARAT

The robo-robo tradition is a traditional ritual carried out by the Sungai Kakap people as an effort to resist danger. This study explored to describe and identify the characteristics of people spirituality in the process of providing assistance through local community traditions. This research was a qualitative research using descriptive method. Data was collected by observing people’s life in the field and interviews. The result revealed that: 1) amongst their existence as human, they had an awareness of the need for the God's help. 2) close to nature and living environment. 3) had close relationships amongst people, social values such as the value of togetherness, the value of sharing and respect, and the value of kinship. 4) The relationship with God in the robo-robo tradition was divided into three groups, namely: first, religious people had faith in Allah SWT, and did not want to involve themselves in the robo-robo tradition. Generally, this group considered this custom to be a deviation in religion. Second, they had faith in Allah SWT, were involved in cultural celebrations but did not believe in the belief traditions developed in these celebrations. Third, they had faith in Allah SWT but also they had faith in other supernatural beings (soul / ancestral soul).

Biomedical Ethics for Jehovah’s Witnesses and Patient Blood Management

Jehovah’s Witnesses refuse blood transfusions according to religious beliefs, and for this reason, most hospitals and doctors have refused their treatment. There are more than 100,000 religious people in Korea, but there are few bloodless centers that can receive their treatment. So, the number of Jehovah’s Witnesses patients visiting bloodless centers in Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital has been increasing every year. Despite this situation, no legal or medical countermeasure has yet been proposed against them. Therefore, I would like to take a bioethical approach based on “principles of biomedical ethics” and introduce “patient blood management” which is currently spreading in advanced medical countries.

Tradisi Keislaman Masyarakat Sunda pada Abad ke-19

This paper analyzes the religiosity of the Sundanese people in a historical approach, to be precise around the 19th century. The method used is the Historical Method which consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography stages. The results of the study show that the Sundanese people are known as religious people. Islam as a religion adopted by most of the Sundanese Tatar population has been acculturated with the local culture and with the noble values inherited by the Karuhun. In Sundanese society, Islamic teachings are often expressed with the taste of local traditions. Instead, local traditions are often given the breath of Islam, which further strengthens the religiosity of its adherents. In addition to carrying out the basic religious shari'ah, the religious expression of the Sundanese people is present in the form of religious holidays which are commemorated lively. Likewise, the stages of a person's life, such as birth, childhood, marriage, until death, have religious and cultural instruments attached to them.

THE ROLE OF ZISWAF’S IN RESTRUKTURING INDONESIA ECONOMY IN COVID-19 ERA

Zakat, Infaq, Shodaqoh, and Waqf (ZISWAF) have great potential in Indonesia, especially the majority of Indonesian religious people according to the Ministry of Home Affairs (June 2021), amounting to 86.88% which is 236.53 million compared to 272.23 million. Based on the history when Umar Bin Abdul Aziz used ZISWAF, it was proven that ZISWAF was able to finance a country and its entire community. This research aims to provide solutions and the role of ZISWAF as one of the instruments of Sharia economy in dealing with the covid-19 pandemic. In this study, researchers used the Library Research approach method. From the data that has been mentioned that Indonesia will also advance not only on economic development and even able to make the people prosperous if ZISWAF is developed.

Membangun Teologi Alteritas Heteronom: Upaya Mengentaskan Sisa-Sisa Stigma Anti-Tionghoa di Indonesia

This study aims to build a theological construction that can help erase anti-Chinese stigma in Indonesia post-1998, so religious people, especially Christians, become more sensitive about ethnic discrimination. The discrimination against ethnic Chinese in Indonesia has occurred for a long time, usually because of their capability to control the market and business. Their success in business impacts hatred and racism and turns into an anti-Chinese stigma. The research uses qualitative study on the philosophy of heteronomous alterity, and builds a theological framework on the theory of heteronomous alterity in positivistic philosophy. The theological framework will remove the anti-Chinese stigma in Indonesia. This study concludes that the theology of heteronomous alterity can help decrease anti-Chinese stigma by appreciating trinitarian relations and accepting the other as they are.Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun konstruksi teologi yang dapat membantu menghapus stigma anti-Tionghoa di Indonesia pasca 1998, sehingga umat beragama khususnya Kristen menjadi lebih peka mengenai diskrimasi etnis. Sudah sejak lama, masalah diskriminasi terhadap etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia terjadi, yang biasanya karena kelihaian mereka menguasai pasar dan bisnis. Hal ini berdampak pada kebencian yang bersifat rasialis dan menubuh ke dalam stigma anti-Tionghoa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kualitatif yang berbasis pada analisis filosofi alteritas heteronom. Teori alteritas heteronom dalam filsafat positivistik dijadikan sebagai kerangka berpikir teologis untuk melepas stigma anti-Tionghoa di Indonesia. Melalui kajian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa teologi alteritas heteronom dapat membantu menghapus stigma anti-Tionghoa melalui penghayatan relasi trinitarian dan penerimaan orang selain dirinya sebagaimana adanya.

Comparing Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Modes of Individuals with High and Low Scores in Scrupulosity and Normal Religious People

Background: Scrupulosity or religious obsession is a form of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and is recognized to be treatment-resistant. One of the most common treatments for treatment-resistant disorders is schema therapy. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the early maladaptive schemas and schema modes of individuals with high and low scores in scrupulosity, as well as religious people with no disorder. Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study consisted of all patients with OCD referred to Iran Psychiatric Hospital and the Clinic of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health in Tehran, Iran, in 2019. The sample included 75 individuals with high score in scrupulosity, 75 individuals with low score in scrupulosity, and 75 religious people with no disorder. At first, all participants were evaluated with the structured clinical interview for DSM-5 disorders-clinical version (SCID-5-CV). Then, they completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity (PIOS), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF), and Schema Mode Inventory (SMI). Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Individuals with high scores in scrupulosity were significantly different from normal religious people in the "disconnection and rejection" and "impaired autonomy and performance" schema domains. However, there was no significant difference between individuals with high scores in scrupulosity and those with a low score in any of the schema domains. Also, individuals with a high score in scrupulosity scored higher in almost all schema modes compared to normal religious people. Finally, the "punitive and demanding parent modes" of individuals with a high score in scrupulosity was significantly different from that of individuals with a low score. Conclusions: According to our results, it is essential to focus on "disconnection and rejection" and "impaired autonomy and performance" schema domains, as well as child and parent modes, especially the dysfunctional parent mode, to treat individuals with a high scrupulosity score. Due to limited literature, further research is needed to confirm our results.

Strategi Komunikasi Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama dalam Pengembangan Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Kabupaten Sleman

Sleman Regency is one of the districts that has the highest level of religious diversity in Yogyakarta Province which is ideally vulnerable to harmony conflict between religious people, but in the last four years it is suspected that there is no conflict of religious harmony in the district. The method used in this study is qualitatively descriptive. After research was conducted it was found that, 1) the communication strategy implemented by FKUB Sleman in determining communicators is to choose a trustee of harmony (sub-district level) which is part of the religious organization in accordance with the religion embraced by the guardian of the harmony, the harmony (village level) chosen by the community itself, 2) communication strategies applied in determining the analysis of audience needs by conducting a joint review of four community groups including, permission groups, support groups, opposition groups, and evaluation groups, 3) communication strategies in the preparation of messages used are persuasive, coercive, and educative techniques, 4) communication media used by FKUB Sleman, namely print media such as newspapers, books, and brochures, 5) as for the dynamics of harmony of diverse people in Sleman Regency is currently in a harmonious state.