3. Movements, parties, policies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Intentional Communities ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Pressure Groups

‘Movements, parties, policies’ explains the ‘machinery’ of environmental politics—the movement that nurtures and expresses the politics, the parties that are the electoral vehicles for getting the politics into the system, and the array of policy instruments that are available for putting society on a more sustainable footing. The organizations that make up the environmental movement can be categorized into different groups: public interest lobbies, professional protest organizations, participatory pressure groups, participatory protest organizations, and intentional communities. Green political parties are considered along with environmental policy-making. What are the challenges and what are the policy tools that politicians have at their disposal to meet them?

Business and Environmental Politics in Canada

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-244
Author(s):  
Peter Andree
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Corporate Greening

Business and Environmental Politics in Canada, Douglas MacDonald, Peterborough ON: Broadview Press, 2007, pp. xi, 224.Whether because of Al Gore, increasingly stern warnings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change or the strange weather of late, this past year has seen political actors of all stripes—business leaders prominent among them—restate their commitment to the environment. MacDonald's new book is thus a timely contribution, offering a historical perspective that may lead readers to treat the latest round of corporate “greening” with caution. This study of shifting business interests, strategies and power in relation to environmental policy making demonstrates how firms have worked over the last fifty years, notwithstanding public statements and even some sincere efforts to the contrary, to minimize the threats posed by new environmental regulations.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing integrated policymaking: Does the diversification of environmental policy instruments contribute to increased sustainability?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Vlastimir Vučić ◽  
Miljana Radović-Vučić
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Environmental Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Integrated Policy ◽  
Low Levels

Most urgent societal issues are crosscutting the boundaries of established jurisdiction. The conventional environmental policy domain is unable to achieve environmental objectives by itself, and each policy sector must integrate environmental objectives. For instance, the lack of clarity of how the integration of environmental objectives into energy policy has transformed and modified energy policy is the reason behind the low levels of integrated policy-making achieved. The present research attempts to clarify how the diversification of environmental policy instruments contributes to integrated policy-making. The present research explicitly confirms that that an increase in the extent of inclusion of environmental policy instruments within relevant policy domains increases to the extent of diversification of environmental policy instruments; that an increase in the extent of inclusion of environmental policy instruments within relevant policy domains and structures that coordinate and monitor efforts within relevant policy domains increases to the extent of diversification of environmental policy instruments; and, that an increase in the extent of inclusion of environmental policy instruments within relevant policy domains ultimately resulting in a cross-sectoral instrument blend results in the increase in the extent of diversification of environmental policy instruments.

The Political Economy of National Climate Policy: Cases of U.S.A., Germany and Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-203
Author(s):  
Soonjae Shin
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
The Political ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
Policy Making Process

A growing amount of literature in the political economy suggests that the implementation of an environmental policy is limited due to the complexity of the interests of different interest groups and the political dominance of the polluting industries. This paper examines this insufficient implementation of an environmental concept in the case of the climate policy in the U.S.A., Germany and Japan. The focuses of this analysis are the choice, design and implementation of climate policy instruments in these countries. Starting from the fact that interest groups in the policy-making process prefer different policy instruments, the analysis shows which interests are enforced via which political instrument.

The Ultimate Horizontal Issue: The Environmental Policy Experiences of Alberta and Ontario, 1971–1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Canadian Provinces

AbstractThis article summarizes the conclusions of a comparative study of the environmental policy experiences of two Canadian provinces, Alberta and Ontario, in the period 1971–1993. The examination led to the conclusion that there is a pattern of environmental politics and policy-making common to both provinces, although it emerges at a different pace. This divergence is a function of well-known societal differences between the two provinces. Furthermore, in the Ontario and Alberta experiences, the policy-making capacity of the state can be seen to be severely challenged by the cross-sectoral nature of environmental policy issues. A number of observations regarding the effects of federal-provincial relations and of American influences on environmental policy-making at the provincial level in Canada are also possible.

A flood of models: Mekong ecologies of comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper Bruun Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Mekong River Basin

In recent decades, scientists have developed a wide array of hydrological, hydrodynamic, and other models to understand the dynamics of the Mekong River Basin. Indeed, the area has been described as ‘flooded’ with models. Drawing on STS and the philosophy of modeling – which has described models as mediating instruments – the first half of this article discusses how and why this proliferation has occurred, focusing on the Cambodian context. Highlighting that models are developed comparatively, with reference to one another, the analysis shows how they have generated a partially connected ecology of comparisons. As each model makes its own image of the Mekong, the ecology as a whole creates a kaleidoscopic effect. In principle, this ecology is important for that of environmental policy-making. In practice, however, it is tremendously difficult for scientists to bridge the ecologies. Examining two cases of NGO-based modeling aiming to influence policy, the second half of the paper offers a comparative analysis of the challenges modeling knowledge faces in Mekong environmental politics.

scholarly journals National and international policies to mitigate disease threats

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1604) ◽  
pp. 2893-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Dye
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
International Policies

To devise and implement effective health policy, we must define the problem, choose the tools, craft the policy, build consensus, set goals and deadlines, raise funds and take action. Success or failure depends on the perception of risk, the strength of the underlying science, the efficacy of the technology, ownership and intellectual property, the conflict between individual and public health, the choice of weaker (guidelines) and stronger (law) policy instruments, the level of public interest, political opportunity, institutional inertia, mechanisms for enforcement and who foots the bill. All these things considered, this paper is a brief policy-making guide by example, illustrating some achievements and disappointments with reference to cholera, drug-resistant tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and rabies.

Beyond Legalism? Policy Ideas, Implementation Styles and Emulation-Based Convergence in Canadian and U.S. Environmental Policy

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL HOWLETT
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Citizen Suits ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
The U.S

Past studies of the dynamics of U.S.-Canada environmental policy and policy-making have found little evidence of ‘weak’ convergence in this sector; that is, of Canadian policy moving towards the U.S. model of adversarial legalism, an implementation style based upon procedural policy instruments such as action-forcing statutes, citizen suits, and judicial activism. However, recent efforts at de-regulation and the reformation of government in the U.S., and moves towards multi-stakeholder policy-making in Canada, have altered the standard against which trends towards Canadian^ American convergence must be assessed. These reforms have moved the U.S. environmental regulatory system closer to that existing in Canada, in which regulations and other elements of the environmental regime are developed through negotiation rather than litigation. Since Canadian environmental implementation has also been altered over the same period, however, it is argued that a form of ‘strong’ convergence is emerging, in which both countries are moving not towards each other but towards a third, common, style, that associated with the development of self-regulation and voluntary initiatives under the influence of New Public Management ideas and principles.

scholarly journals Did it Matter? Response of public interest in the environment to the papal encyclical, Laudato Si’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm L McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Humanae Vitae ◽  
Before And After

This study investigates changes in public interest in the environment after the release of Laudato Si’. Comparisons between searches for church-related and environmental topics before and after its release demonstrate significantly raised public interest in both areas. There were important differences between developed countries and countries with other economic classifications. After decades of declining interest in the environment, Laudato Si’ may be catalyzing societal transformation similar to that performed by the 1969 encyclical Humanae Vitae. Regulation of abortion went from a non-political issue in 1969 to a primary dividing line between the political parties in 1976. Two years after release of Laudato Si’, public interest in the environment may be growing. With a long-term sustainability plan for a likely growing Catholic environmental movement, there is reason for hope that environmental progress is just around the corner.

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