Ten Years Audit of Neoplastic Colorectal Polyps at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S75-S75
Author(s):  
Adebayo Adedotun ◽  
Lateef Odukoya ◽  
Kabir Badmos
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Screening And Surveillance

Abstract Introduction Death from colorectal cancer is still a major concern in low- and middle-income countries. According to GLOBOCAN 2018 report, 1,096,601 new cases of colorectal cancer were reported worldwide and about 551,269 would die from the disease process. Colorectal cancer is the fifth most common cancer and accounts for 5.8% of all new cases seen annually in Nigeria. It has been shown incontrovertibly that neoplastic polyps are precursors to adenocarcinomas, even though the rate is lower among blacks. The increasing awareness and availability of colonoscopy in Nigeria have resulted in an increased volume of colonic biopsy for histopathologic examination. This has resulted in increased frequency of detection of colorectal neoplastic polyps. Aim This study aims at auditing colorectal neoplastic polyps histopathologic reporting in Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a 10-year period (2009-2018). Methods All reports of colorectal polyps within the study period (2008-2018) were retrieved from the departmental database. The histologic type, microscopic dimensions, and anatomic locations of these polyps were documented and analyzed. Results Seventy-two colorectal neoplastic polyps were reported with an M:F ratio of 2:1. The peak incidence was in the fifth decade, with 98% of the polyps in the colon. A breakdown of the adenomatous polyps showed that most (66.7%) were tubular, and 33.2% were tubulovillous adenoma and a case of villous adenoma. Majority of the lesions had low-grade dysplasia while 30% had high-grade dysplasia. There was no mention of excision margins, and in some cases, the biopsy site was not stated. Conclusion Some of these polyps, particularly those with high-grade dysplasia, may likely progress to colorectal carcinoma following the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Epidemiological data of precursor lesions are relevant as an accurate predictor of colorectal cancer incidence in the coming decade and as a determinant in the evaluation of screening and surveillance practices.

CD133/CD166/Ki-67 Triple Immunouorescence Assessment for Putative Cancer Stem Cells in Colon Carcinoma*

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudiu Margaritescu ◽  
Daniel Pirici ◽  
Irina Cherciu ◽  
Alexandru Barbalan ◽  
Tatiana Cârtâna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Colon Carcinoma ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade

Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer represents the third most common malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The existence of drug-resistant colon cancer stem cells is thought to be one of the most important reasons behind treatment failure in colon cancer, their existence putatively leading to metastasis and recurrences. The aim of our study was to investigate the immunoexpression patterns of CD133 and CD166 in colon carcinoma, both individually and in combination, assessing their significance as prognostic markers.Methods. A total of 45 retrospective colon adenocarcinoma cases were investigated by enzymatic and multiple fluorescence immunohistochemistry for their CD133 and CD166 expression and colocalization.Results. Both CD133 and CD166 were expressed to different extents in all cancer specimens, with apredominant cytoplasmic pattern for CD133 and a more obvious membranous-like pattern for CD166.Overall, when comparing their reactivity for the tumoral tissue, CD166 expression areas seemed to be smaller than those of CD133. However, there was a direct correlation between CD133 and CD166 expression levels throughout the entire spectrum of lesions, with higher values for dysplastic lesions. Colocalization of CD133/ CD166 was obvious at the level of cells membranes, with higher coeficients in high grade dysplasia, followed by well and moderate differentiated tumours.Conclusions. CD133/CD166 colocalization is an early event occurring in colon tumorigenesis, with thehighest coeficients recorded for patients with high grade dysplasia, followed by well differentiated tumours. Thus, we consider that the coexpression of these two markers could be useful for further prognostic andtherapeutically stratification of patients with colon cancer.Abbreviations: AJCC - American Joint Committee on Cancer; CCD - charge-coupled device camera sensor; CD133 - prominin-1 (PROM1); CD166 - Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM); CRC - colorectal cancer; CSC - cancer stem cells; DAB - 3,3'-diaminobenzidine chromogen; DAPI - 4',6-diamidino- 2-phenylindole; HE - Hematoxylin and eosin staining; HGD - high grade dysplasia; HRP - horseradish peroxidase; LGD - low grade dysplasia; SDS - sodium dodecyl sulfate*Part of this work has been accepted as a poster presentation at the Digestive Disease Week (DDW) meeting, Chicago, IL, USA May 3-6, 2014

Increased risk of high-grade dysplasia and colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease patients with recurrent low-grade dysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1342.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel E. de Jong ◽  
Heleen Kanne ◽  
Loes H.C. Nissen ◽  
Joost P.H. Drenth ◽  
Lauranne A.A. P. Derikx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

Screening for gastrointestinal disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Keshav ◽  
Alexandra Kent
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Hepatocellular Cancer ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses screening for gastrointestinal disease, including Barrett’s oesophagus (BO), colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular cancer (HCC). In patients with BO, approximately 5% will develop dysplasia, and 10%–50% of the low-grade dysplasias will progress to high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma within 2–5 years. Thus, screening for BO has been developed to reduce the development of adenocarcinoma via the early detection of high-grade dysplasia or cancer in situ. The main aim of colorectal cancer screening is the early detection of polyps and cancers, at a time when treatment is likely to be more effective. Similarly, early detection of HCC is advantageous, as the prognosis in advanced disease is very poor. This chapter describes the current processes of screening for these diseases, and the impact of this screening, as well as screening for gastrointestinal cancer in specific groups.

scholarly journals Getting a Low Grade for Missing High-Grade Dysplasia and Colorectal Cancer in IBD

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 3594-3595 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Conner ◽  
Robert H. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade

scholarly journals Low-Grade Dysplasia in Ulcerative Colitis: Risk Factors for Developing High-Grade Dysplasia or Colorectal Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 1461-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-ho Ryan Choi ◽  
Ana Ignjatovic-Wilson ◽  
Alan Askari ◽  
Gui Han Lee ◽  
Janindra Warusavitarne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

The role of adenoma for colorectal cancer development: Differences in the distribution of adenoma with low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, and cancer that invades the submucosa

Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. S105-S108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Ikeda ◽  
Masaki Mori ◽  
Kotaro Shibahara ◽  
Akinori Iwashita ◽  
Yukiaki Haraguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia

scholarly journals Sessile serrated adenomas: prevalence of dysplasia and carcinoma in 2139 patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H Lash ◽  
Robert M Genta ◽  
Christopher M Schuler
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Serrated Adenomas

Background and aimsSessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) are recognised as precursors to microsatellite unstable adenocarcinomas. This study attempts to estimate the progression rate of SSAs based upon the epidemiology of a large cohort as well as identify relationships to other colorectal polyps.MethodsPathological reports generated at Caris Diagnostics from 290 810 colonoscopic specimens on 179 111 patients were analysed using computerised algorithms.ResultsSSAs with or without dysplasia/carcinoma (SSA+/–) were identified in 2416 specimens from 2139 patients (54% women). The distribution of SSA+/– was: right-sided (81.2%); left-sided (11.2%); both right- and left-sided (3.2%); not specified (4.3%). There were 1816 (85%) patients without dysplasia (SSA–), 257 (12%) with low-grade dysplasia (SSA-LD), 45 (2%) with high-grade dysplasia (SSA-HD) and 21 (1%) with adenocarcinoma (SSA-CA). The difference in median age between almost all groups was significant (SSA–=61 years versus SSA-LD=66 years (p<0.001) vs SSA-HD=72 years (p=0.002) vs SSA-CA=76 years (p=0.07, NS)). Women comprised 53% of the SSA– group (968/1816), 57% of the SSA-LD group (147/257), 69% of the SSA-HD group (31/45) and 76% of the SSA-CA group (16/21), being more likely to have high-grade dysplasia (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.67) and adenocarcinoma (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.02 to 7.68).Conclusions1.7% of patients with mucosal polyps had SSAs (with and without dysplasia), more commonly in women and primarily in the right colon. Dysplasia or carcinoma was identified in 15% of patients and significantly disproportionately among women. Based on significant age differences between groups, there appears to be a stepwise progression of dysplasia and carcinoma in SSAs over 10 to 15 years, a period two to three times longer than that for conventional adenomas.

OC-080 Low-grade dysplasia in ulcerative colitis: risk factors associated with progression to high-grade dysplasia or colorectal cancer: Abstract OC-080 Table 1

Gut ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A40-A40
Author(s):  
RCH Choi ◽  
A Ignjatovic-Wilson ◽  
M Rutter ◽  
S Thomas-Gibson ◽  
J Warusavitarne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
High Grade Dysplasia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Grade Dysplasia
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