Is the Utilization of Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen Tests Appropriate in an Urban Canadian Population?

Abstract Objectives Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (HpSAT) appropriateness was investigated by assessing its testing and positivity rates in Calgary, Canada. Methods The laboratory information system was accessed for all patients who received an HpSAT in 2018. Testing volume, test results, age, and sex of patients were collected. Sociodemographic risk factors and geospatial analysis were performed by matching laboratory data to the 2016 census data. Testing appropriateness was defined as a concordance between testing and positivity rates for each sociodemographic variable. Results In 2018, 25,518 H pylori stool antigen tests were performed in Calgary, with an overall positivity rate of 14.7%. Geospatial mapping demonstrated significant distribution variations of testing and positivity rates of HpSAT in the city. Certain sociodemographic groups studied (eg, recent immigrants) appeared to be appropriately tested (testing rate relative risk [RR] = 2.26, positivity rate RR = 4.32; P < .0001), while other groups (eg, male) may have been undertested (testing rate RR = 0.85, positivity rate RR = 1.14; P < .0001). Conclusions Determining concordance of testing and positivity rate of a laboratory test can be used for assessing testing appropriateness for other diseases in other jurisdictions. This study demonstrated some at-risk patients may be missed for H pylori testing.

Download Full-text

Su1270 – Clinical Performance of the H. Pylori Quik Chek™ and H. Pylori Chek™ Assays, Novel Stool Antigen Tests For Diagnosis of Helicobacter Pylori

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(19)38195-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 156 (6) ◽

pp. S-525

Author(s):

Magnus Halland ◽

Rashidul Haque ◽

Jost Langhorst ◽

James H. Boone ◽

William A. Petri

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

Antigen Tests ◽

H Pylori

Download Full-text

Investigating the Efficacy of Triple Drug Therapy and Sequential Drug Therapy in the Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori with Respect to Antigen Stool test: A Pilot Study

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v18i1.33367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 74-83

Author(s):

R. Shrestha ◽

R. Poudel ◽

S. Shakya ◽

R.B. Gurung ◽

R. Makaju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Drug Therapy ◽

Sequential Therapy ◽

Drug Regimen ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

H Pylori

Background Helicobacter pylori is one of the most prevalent infectious disease worldwide. The treatment regimens involve mainly two therapies: Standard Triple drug therapy and Sequential drug therapy. Several studies have shown that the sequential therapy has higher eradication rates of H. pylori than the standard triple drug therapy and since proper study on sequential drug therapy and standard triple drug therapy is still lacking in Nepal, this study is attempted to compare efficacy of Sequential Drug Therapy in the eradication of H. pylori in gastritis with respect to the Standard triple drug therapy. Objective To investigate the efficacy of Triple Drug Therapy and Sequential Drug Therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori with respect to Antigen Stool test. Method This study was the prospective study conducted in 62 patients attending the Department of Gastroenterology, Dhulikhel Hospital, meeting the inclusion criteria who were confirmed as H. pylori positive by histopathology and stool antigen test. Patients were randomized into two groups. One group prescribed with Standard triple drug regimen and another group with Sequential drug regimen. Eradication of H. pylori infection was confirmed by repeating the stool antigen test at least five weeks after the completion of the regimen. Result Among the 62 participants included in this study, 54.5% of them were males. Among the study population, the eradication achieved by standard triple drug therapy was 87.8% and 89.6% with Sequential drug therapy. Higher numbers (82.3%) of patients were compliant to the prescribed medication. Forgetfulness was the main reason for missing the dose (91%) of the non-compliant patients. Conclusion The study revealed an equal efficacy of both Standard Triple drug regimen and Sequential drug regimen in the eradication of H. pylori infection. Further, Stool antigen test can be preferred as a non-invasive test, for diagnosis of H. pylori infection, monitoring the response to treatment and in epidemiological studies.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of a stool antigen test using a mAb for native catalase for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adults

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.077370-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (12) ◽

pp. 1621-1625 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Masumi Okuda ◽

Takako Osaki ◽

Shogo Kikuchi ◽

Junko Ueda ◽

Yingsong Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

High Specificity ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen Test ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

H Pylori

Non-invasive diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is important not only for screening of infection but also for epidemiological studies. Stool antigen tests are non-invasive and are convenient to identify H. pylori infection, particularly in children. We evaluated the stool antigen test, which uses a mAb for native catalase of H. pylori developed in Japan. A total of 151 stool samples were collected from participants (52 children and 99 adults) of the Sasayama Cohort Study and stored between −30 and −80 °C. The stool antigen test used was Testmate pylori antigen (TPAg), and was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Furthermore, we conducted a quantitative real-time PCR test and compared the PCR results with those of the TPAg test. When compared with the results in real-time PCR, the sensitivity of TPAg was 89.5 % overall, 82.7 % for children and 92.4 % for adults, and the specificity was 100 %. The accuracy was 93.4 % overall, 90.4 % for children and 94.9 % for adults, and there was no significant difference in the accuracy of TPAg between children and adults. Five of 28 children (18 %) and five of 38 adults (13 %) were PCR positive with negative TPAg results. Four of five children with positive PCR and negative TPAg results were given a 13C-urea breath test and all four children tested negative. No significant correlation was observed between the TPAg results and DNA numbers of H. pylori in faeces among children or adults. A stool antigen test (TPAg) using a mAb for native catalase is useful for diagnosis of H. pylori in children and adults. Additionally, this test has particularly high specificity.

Download Full-text

Validation of a rapid stool antigen test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652010000300002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 125-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Joyce Matie Kinoshita da Silva ◽

Cibele Aparecida Villares ◽

Maria do Socorro Monteiro ◽

Carlos Colaúto ◽

Anibal Ferreira dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Breath Test ◽

False Negative ◽

Lateral Flow ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Kappa Index ◽

Stool Antigen Test ◽

Infection Diagnosis ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

H Pylori

The aim of this study was to validate the rapid lateral flow Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (One step H. pylori antigen test, ACON laboratories, San Diego, USA; Prime diagnostics, São Paulo), using 13C-Urea Breath Test as the gold standard for H. pylori infection diagnosis. A total of 98 consecutive patients, asymptomatic or dyspeptic, entered the study. Sixty-nine were women, with a mean age of 45.76 ± 14.59 years (14 to 79 years). In the H. pylori-positive group, the rapid stool antigen test detected H. pylori antigen in 44 of the 50 positive patients (sensitivity 88%; 95% CI: 75.7-95.5%), and six false-negative; and in the H. pylori-negative group 42 presented negative results (specificity 87.5%; 95% CI: 74.7-95.3%), and six false-positive, showing a substantial agreement (Kappa Index = 0.75; p < 0.0001; 95% CI: 0.6-0.9). Forty four of fifty patients that had positive stool antigen were H. pylori-positive, the PPV of the stool antigen test was 88% (95% CI: 75.7-95.5%), and 42 patients with negative stool antigen test were H. pylori-negative, the NPV of the stool antigen test was 87.5% (95% CI: 74.7-95.3%). We conclude that the lateral flow stool antigen test can be used as an alternative to breath test for H. pylori infection diagnosis especially in developing countries.

Download Full-text

The accuracy of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test in diagnosing H. pylori in treated and untreated patients

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology ◽

10.1097/00042737-200104000-00013 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 383-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Nicolaas L. Arents ◽

Anton A. van Zwet ◽

Jacob C. Thijs ◽

Albertine de Jong ◽

Marco Oudkerk Pool ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

H Pylori

Download Full-text

Helicobacter pylori Infection in Infants and Toddlers in South America: Concordance between [13C]Urea Breath Test and Monoclonal H. pylori Stool Antigen Test

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01752-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 51 (11) ◽

pp. 3735-3740 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Dulciene Maria Magalhães Queiroz ◽

Mayuko Saito ◽

Gifone Aguiar Rocha ◽

Andreia Maria Camargos Rocha ◽

Fabrício Freire Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

South America ◽

Breath Test ◽

Urea Breath Test ◽

Infants And Toddlers ◽

Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen Test ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

13C Urea Breath Test ◽

H Pylori

Download Full-text

Clinical performance of the H. PYLORI QUIK CHEK™ and H. PYLORI CHEK™ assays, novel stool antigen tests for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/s10096-020-04137-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Magnus Halland ◽

Rashidul Haque ◽

Jost Langhorst ◽

James H. Boone ◽

William A. Petri

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

Antigen Tests ◽

H Pylori

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Patients with Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) Symptoms: A Retrospective Study at Selected Africa Air Rescue (AAR) Clinics in Kampala, Uganda, from 2015 to 2019

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/9935142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Edity Namyalo ◽

Luke Nyakarahuka ◽

Matthias Afayoa ◽

Joel Baziira ◽

Andrew Tamale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stool Antigen Test ◽

Work Related ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

H Pylori ◽

As Stress

Background. Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is extremely common worldwide, with almost half of the world’s population infected. In Uganda, no study has been done on the trends of the prevalence of H. pylori infection in the affluent population. Therefore, this retrospective cross-sectional study aimed at determining the trend of H. pylori prevalence among affluent patients presenting with gastrointestinal (GIT) symptoms whose stool samples were tested at selected AAR clinics in Kampala area. Patients were tested for Helicobacter pylori infection using the stool antigen test between January 2015 and December 2019. Results. The overall 5-year H. pylori prevalence was 35.7% (1298/3634). The prevalence was higher in males (36.0% (736/2044)) than in females (35.4% (562/1590)), although not statistically significant (OR = 0.97, p = 0.680, 95% CI: 0.84–1.11). The prevalence of H. pylori infection was significantly higher (39.4%) among patients who belonged to the age group of 19–35 years (OR = 1.49, p < 0.001 , 95% CI: 1.22–1.82). The prevalence for H. pylori among the age group of 19–35, the most productive age, could be attributed to work-related factors such as stress. The highest prevalence (43.4%) was recorded in 2018 and the lowest (21.4%) in 2015; however, the trend of H. pylori infection in the 5 years was fluctuating. Conclusion. H. pylori infestation is a preserve of not only the poor but also the elites. Stressful factors, especially in the age group of 19–35 years, should be appropriately managed.

Download Full-text