scholarly journals Association Between Midpregnancy Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Offspring Autism Spectrum Disorder in a California Population-Based Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Lyall ◽  
Gayle C Windham ◽  
Nathaniel W Snyder ◽  
Rostislav Kuskovsky ◽  
Peining Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are critical for brain development and have been linked with neurodevelopmental outcomes. We conducted a population-based case-control study in California to examine the association between PUFAs measured in midpregnancy serum samples and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. ASD cases (n = 499) were identified through the California Department of Developmental Services and matched to live-birth population controls (n = 502) on birth month, year (2010 or 2011), and sex. Logistic regression models were used to examine crude and adjusted associations. In secondary analyses, we examined ASD with and without co-occurring intellectual disability (ID; n = 67 and n = 432, respectively) and effect modification by sex and ethnicity. No clear patterns emerged, though there was a modest inverse association with the top quartile of linoleic acid level (highest quartile vs. lowest: adjusted odds ratio = 0.74, 95% confidence interval: 0.49, 1.11; P for trend = 0.10). Lower levels of total and ω-3 PUFAs were associated with ASD with ID (lowest decile of total PUFAs vs. deciles 4–7: adjusted odds ratio = 2.78, 95% confidence interval: 1.13, 6.82) but not ASD without ID. We did not observe evidence of effect modification by the factors examined. These findings do not suggest a strong association between midpregnancy PUFA levels and ASD. In further work, researchers should consider associations with ASD with ID and in other time windows.

scholarly journals Association of a Remotely Offered Infectious Diseases eConsult Service With Improved Clinical Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J Tande ◽  
Elie F Berbari ◽  
Priya Ramar ◽  
Shiva P Ponamgi ◽  
Umesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Consultative Service ◽  
Control Study

Abstract We performed a case–control study to evaluate an electronic, asynchronous infectious diseases consultative service at 2 rural hospitals within our health system. Patients with consultation via this platform (n = 100) had a significantly decreased odds of death at 30 days compared with propensity-matched controls (n = 300; adjusted odds ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.2–0.7; P = .003).

scholarly journals Outbreak of unusual H2S-negative monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium strain likely associated with small tomatoes, Sweden, August to October 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (47) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Colombe ◽  
Cecilia Jernberg ◽  
Emma Löf ◽  
Anna Lindqvist Angervall ◽  
Henrik Mellström-Dahlgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Typhimurium Strain ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Control Study

Sweden is investigating an outbreak of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium. Eighty-two nationally-distributed cases have been confirmed, with date of symptom onset between 28 August and 29 October. Cases were 51 years of age on average (range: 0–89) and the majority of cases were female (62%). A case–control study was conducted and suggested small tomatoes as source of the outbreak (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 10.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.15-112.68, p value < 0.001), and a trace-back investigation led to a single, non-Swedish producer in Europe. Both the Salmonella strain and the source of the outbreak are rarely encountered in Europe. Results from investigation at the producer are pending.

Placental Gross Pathology in a Population Based Case-Control Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Placenta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. e48
Author(s):  
Serena Chen ◽  
Christine Chen ◽  
Mehrin Jan ◽  
Jennifer Feng ◽  
Joan Krickellas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gross Pathology ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinants of uterine rupture among mothers who gave birth in Jinka and Arba Minch General Hospitals, institution-based case–control study, Southern Ethiopia, Ethiopia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 174550652096172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goitom Girmay ◽  
Teklemariam Gultie ◽  
Gebrekiros Gebremichael ◽  
Bezawit Afework ◽  
Gebremariam Temesgen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Control Study

Background: Uterine rupture is a major public health problem in low-income countries including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, its prevalence is low, but it results in devastative health problems of the mother and her baby. Even though the Ethiopian government and nongovernmental organizations tried to strengthen the health care system, significant adverse maternal and fetal outcome is still associated with uterine rupture. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of uterine rupture in Jinka and Arba Minch General Hospitals. Methods: The study was conducted in Jinka and Arba Minch General Hospitals, and the data collection period was 15 to 30 November 2018. A case–control study design was used with simple random sampling of 1:4. Data were collected using data extraction sheets. Variables with p < 0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Variables with p < 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were used to determine significant association between dependent and independent variables. Result: Uterine rupture occurred in 112 cases with 448 controls. Women referred from health facilities (adjusted odds ratio = 8.0, 95% confidence interval: 3.5–17.8), multiparous women (adjusted odds ratio = 12.7, 95% confidence interval: 4.2–39.0), duration of labor more than 18 h (adjusted odds ratio = 11.5, 95% confidence interval: 5.5–24.1), malpresentation (adjusted odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–8.0) and gestational age of ⩾37 weeks (adjusted odds ratio = 5.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.4–19.3) were independent factors associated with uterine rupture. Conclusion: Mothers referred from health facilities, multiparous women, duration of labor more than 18 h, gestational age of ⩾37 weeks and malpresentation were significantly associated with uterine rupture. Early referral, encouraging family planning, proper use of partograph, early identification and appropriate intervention for malpresentation are recommended.

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