scholarly journals Individual Variation in CD4 Cell Count Trajectory among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Men and Women on Long-term Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: An Application using a Bayesian Random Change-Point Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 162 (8) ◽  
pp. 787-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Chu ◽  
Stephen J. Gange ◽  
Traci E. Yamashita ◽  
Donald R. Hoover ◽  
Joan S. Chmiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Change Point ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Point Model ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Change Point Model ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Random Change

scholarly journals Prevalence, Severity and Relationship of Anaemia with Immune Status and Use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults in South-eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma P. Nnamaniv ◽  
Nkiru N. Ezeama ◽  
Owulo Agada ◽  
Paul N. Obiegbu ◽  
Kenechi O. Nnamani
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Objective: Anaemia is a significant complication of human immunodeficiency infection, causing life-threatening symptoms and impairing quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, severity and associations of anaemia, with cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) cell count and use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Material and Methods: Haemoglobin concentration, CD4+ count, HAART use and other factors were assessed in 372, adult HIV-infected out-patients; enrolled at a tertiary hospital in South-Eastern Nigeria. Anaemia was defined according to World Health Organisation criteria. Independent predictors were determined using bivariate analysis and enter method logistic regression analysis, at a p-value<0.05.Results: Prevalence of anaemia was 76.3% overall; 79.9% in females and 67.6% in males. Median CD4+ cell count was 609.50 (interquartile range 379) cells per microlitre (cells/μl). Females were more likely to be anaemic than males [odds ratio (OR)=1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07, 3.31; p-value=0.011]. Furthermore, the odds of being anaemic were higher in participants 50 years or older (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.36, 10.55; p-value=0.023). A CD4+ count <200 cells/μl. Not being on cotrimoxazole preventive therapy and a low monthly household income were associated with higher odds of anaemia. Tenofovir- and abacavir-based regimens were associated with lower odds of anaemia compared to zidovudine. Conclusion: Gender and the age of patients were independent predictors of anaemia. Pre-treatment screening, and close follow-up monitoring for anaemia as well as increased access to less haematotoxic HAART regimens are needed.

scholarly journals Excisional lipectomy versus liposuction in HIV-associated lipodystrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
Natalie Barton ◽  
Ryan Moore ◽  
Karthik Prasad ◽  
Gregory Evans
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Fat Redistribution ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Haart Therapy

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy is a known consequence of long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, a significant number of patients on HAART therapy were left with the stigmata of complications, including fat redistribution. Few studies have described the successful removal of focal areas of lipohypertrophy with successful outcomes. This manuscript reviews the outcomes of excisional lipectomy versus liposuction for HIV-associated cervicodorsal lipodystrophy.Methods We performed a 15-year retrospective review of HIV-positive patients with lipodystrophy. Patients were identified by query of secure operative logs. Data collected included demographics, medications, comorbidities, duration of HIV, surgical intervention type, pertinent laboratory values, and the amount of tissue removed.Results Nine male patients with HIV-associated lipodystrophy underwent a total of 17 procedures. Of the patients who underwent liposuction initially (n=5), 60% (n=3) experienced a recurrence. There were a total of three cases of primary liposuction followed by excisional lipectomy. One hundred percent of these cases were noted to have a recurrence postoperatively, and there was one case of seroma formation. Of the subjects who underwent excisional lipectomy (n=4), there were no documented recurrences; however, one patient’s postoperative course was complicated by seroma formation.Conclusions HIV-associated lipodystrophy is a disfiguring complication of HAART therapy with significant morbidity. Given the limitations of liposuction alone as the primary intervention, excisional lipectomy is recommended as the primary treatment. Liposuction may be used for better contouring and for subsequent procedures. While there is a slightly higher risk for complications, adjunctive techniques such as quilting sutures and placement of drains may be used in conjunction with excisional lipectomy.

scholarly journals Case report of three consecutive lues maligna infections in an HIV-infected patient

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Sammet ◽  
Rika Draenert
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Hiv 1

Lues maligna is a rare presentation of an infection with Treponema pallidum. Here we report three lues maligna infections with severe dermatological manifestations in a single HIV-1 infected individual. Despite the start of highly active antiretroviral therapy and a substantial increase in CD4 cell count after the first episode, he developed consecutive episodes. We assume a specific immunological predisposition to react to T. pallidum in this patient.

Pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in an AIDS patient: successful treatment with paromomycin plus azithromycin

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 515-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Palmieri ◽  
S Cicalini ◽  
N Froio ◽  
E B Rizzi ◽  
D Goletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Intestinal Involvement ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Extra-intestinal cryptosporidiosis, especially of the biliary and respiratory tract, is likely in the course of an intestinal involvement, whereas it is rare without such a localization. We report a case of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis without apparent intestinal involvement in an AIDS patient, with favourable outcome after antimicrobial combination therapy with paromomycin plus azithromycin. The successful response to antimicrobial treatment was subsequently maintained by effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We suggest that respiratory cryptosporidiosis should be investigated in HIV-infected patients with pulmonary symptoms and low CD4 cell count, and, if detected, treatment should include HAART plus the combination of paromomycin and azithromycin.

Hodgkin’s disease and HIV infection (HD-HIV): Prognostic factors in 596 patients (pts) within the group of European Cooperation on AIDS and Tumors (GECAT).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8058-8058
Author(s):  
Michele Spina ◽  
Josep-Maria Ribera ◽  
Jean Gabarre ◽  
Christoph Wyen ◽  
Silvia Montoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cd4 Cell

8058 Background: Hodgkin’s disease (HD) is the most common non-AIDS defining tumour diagnosed in HIV setting. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has opened a new prospective in the treatment of pts with HD-HIV as the better control of the underlying HIV infection allows the use of more aggressive chemotherapy regimens, including high dose chemotherapy. However, up to now prognostic factors on overall survival (OS) or time to treatment failure (TTF) have not yet been identified. Methods: In order to identify prognostic factors, we analyzed data on 596 pts with HD-HIV diagnosed and treated in 90 different Institution of 6 European countries from October 1983 to March 2010. All factors were analyzed for OS and TTF. Results: 86% of pts were male and the median CD4 cell count was 224/dl (range 3-1274); 52% of pts had mixed cellularity subtype, stages III-IV were diagnosed in 72% of cases and 55% of pts had extranodal involvement (bone marrow 35%, spleen 21%, liver 14%). The table summarizes the results of multivariate analysis. Conclusions: We identified a new “European Score” for HD-HIV able to predict different outcomes in these patients. This score should be considered for future prospective studies. [Table: see text]

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