scholarly journals Western Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-183
Author(s):  
R. T. Bessin ◽  
L. H. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
No Till ◽  
System Data ◽  
Dunnett's Test ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Thirty-one insecticides were applied for control of WCR larvae in no-till and conventional tillage corn. The test plot was planted in a continuous corn field on the UK Spindletop Research Farm on 7 May in a RBD with 3 replicates of no-till and 3 replicates of conventional tillage. Individual plots consisted on single rows, 8 m long, with 96.5 cm row spacing. All plots received Accent 75WDG (0.0313 lb [AI]/acre) on 14 Jun. All insecticide treatments were applied at planting except the 2 Furadan 4F treatments, which were broadcast and banded, respectively on 25 May. Number of lodged plants per plot was recorded 28 Jul. A plant was considered lodged if the angle between the base of the plant and the ground was less than 45°. Root damage ratings were evaluated on 29 Jun by examining 3 plants per plot using the Iowa 1-6 system. Data were subject to ANOVA and treatment means compared to that of the control by Dunnett’s test.

scholarly journals Japanese Beetle Larval Control in Field Corn, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
R. T. Bessin ◽  
L. H. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Japanese Beetle ◽  
Larval Control ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
No Till ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Twenty-two insecticides were applied for control of Japanese beetle larvae in no-till corn. The test plot was planted into fescue sod on the UK Spindletop Research Farm on 4 May in a RBD with 4 replicates. Individual plots consisted of single rows, 24 m long, with 96.5 cm row spacing. All insecticides were applied at planting. On 25 Apr, 40 random 201 cm2 soil samples for the study area were examined for the presence of Japanese beetle grubs. Plant stand counts were recorded on 20 and 27 May. Numbers of cutworm and slug damaged plants were recorded on 20 May. Extended leaf heights were recorded from 10 plants per plot on 8 Jun. Numbers of pruned roots per 5 plants was recorded 23 Jun. Data were subject to ANOVA and treatment means compared to that of the control by Dunnett’s (SAS Institute). Percentage of cutworm damaged plants was transformed using the arcsin of the squareroot prior to analysis.

Reduced chemical input cropping systems in the Southeastern United States: III. Economic analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry D. King ◽  
Dana L. Hoag
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crimson Clover ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
No Till ◽  
Clover Seed ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Input Level

AbstractThis study evaluated the profitability of several cropping systems during a 10-year period of an experiment comparing rotations and levels of purchased inputs. Continuous corn or sorghum, corn/wheat-soybean (2-year), and corn/wheat-soybean/corn/clover hay (4-year) were managed with recommended fertilizer and pesticide rates and no-till planting (C) or with N from legumes, conventional tillage, and cultivation for weed control (L). Medium input management (M: medium rate of N and banded herbicides) was included during years 5 through 10. Generally, corn was the least profitable crop, regardless of input level or type of rotation. Rotating crops improved profit more than did adding inputs to continuous corn. With L, average annual profit was: continuous corn, -$64/ha; 2-year rotation, $135/ha; and 4-year rotation, $158/ha. With C, the 2-year rotation increased profit to $165/ha from -$119/ha with continuous corn. The increased profit with rotations was due to greater profits from wheat, soybean, and hay offsetting low or negative profit from corn. Sorghum (grown only in monoculture) was more profitable with L ($34/ha) than with C (-$20/ha). During the 6 years when all input levels were compared, the order of average profit was M>L>C with continuous corn. Generally, profit was not increased by M compared with L in the 2-and 4-year rotations. With L, the cost of weed control was 20% of that for C with corn and 44% with soybean. Cost of N from fertilizer was $0.66/kg, but cost of N from crimson clover (seed and planting costs) averaged $0.92/kg when clover was drilled, $1.27/kg when aerially seeded, and $0.16/kg when naturally reseeded.

Incidence of Western Corn Rootworm Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Corn in Virginia from 1987 to 1992

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger R. Youngman ◽  
Eric R. Day
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
The State ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Corn Field ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte

The discovery of western corn rootworm beetles, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, in a southwest Virginia corn field in 1985 prompted annual surveys of corn fields in an average of 28 counties across the state from 1987 to 1992. All counties included in the annual surveys were representative of the major corn-growing regions of Virginia. Survey results indicated that western corn rootworm beetles spread rapidly throughout most of the western and central continuous corn-growing regions of the state. In the eastern and southeastern corn-growing regions of the state, where crop rotation is widely practiced, detections of western corn rootworm beetles were less common and typically involved only one to two counties per year from 1987 to 1992.

scholarly journals Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-220
Author(s):  
Arthur A. Hower ◽  
Sandra D. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
No Till ◽  
Insecticide Efficacy ◽  
Percent Moisture ◽  
Rock Springs

Abstract Two insecticide efficacy studies for controlling mixed populations of NCR (17% Experiment I and 42% Experiment II) and WCR (83% Experiment I and 58% Experiment II) were conducted at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center at Rock Springs, Centre County, PA. The experiments were conducted on separate fields approximately 1 mile apart. Corn was planted no-till on 16 May in both experiments using a John Deere Max-Emerge 2 row planter with 30-inch row spacing. The Lorsban 4E with 9-18-9 fertilizer in solution was applied at each site 22 May. Rain prevented application of this treatment earlier. Insecticides were applied to 5X40 ft plots in a RCB design with 4 replications per treatment. Plant populations were counted 15 Jun at both locations to identify seedling emergence and phytotoxicity that may have resulted from the treatments. Root damage ratings were evaluated 21 Jul (Experiment I) and 25 Jul (Experiment II) using the Iowa 1 to 6 system. Yields were determined in Experiment I as silage using a silage harvester on 12 Sep. One row of corn was harvested per plot and the row harvested was in the same relative position in all plots. Yield in Experiment II was determined by mechanically harvesting each plot for shelled corn on 23 Oct. Percent moisture in the silage plots was determined by drying a subsample (at 2.0 lb wet) from each plot and silage yield was adjusted to 65% moisture. Percent moisture in the shelled corn was determined for each plot with a moisture meter and yield was adjusted to 15.5% moisture.

Damage determination of western corn rootworm(Diabrotica virgifera virgiferaleconte) in soil disinfected, continuous corn

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Keszthelyi ◽  
Tamás Szabó ◽  
Pál Kurucsai ◽  
Miklós Nádasy ◽  
Zsolt Marczali
Keyword(s):  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Continuous Corn

scholarly journals Corn Rootworm Control, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-233
Author(s):  
S. M. Spangler ◽  
D. D. Calvin ◽  
T. Grove ◽  
D. Lehto ◽  
P. R. Rebarchak
Keyword(s):  
Grain Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Research Site ◽  
Silt Loam Soil ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Rating Method ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract The evaluation was carried out on a Hagerstown silt loam soil in central Pennsylvania, near University Park, and planting was done on 22 May in continuous corn. The design was RCB with five replicates of each treatment. Plots were 20 ft long X 2 rows wide, with row spacing at 30 inches. Granular treatments were applied at planting using a Max Emerge John Deere 7000R corn planter. T-band applications were applied in 7-inch bands over the row and into the furrow, and in-furrow applications were directed into the furrow only. Furadan 4F was broadcast on 20 Jun, and cultivation for the Furadan 4F + cultivation treatment was done the same day. The Regent 80 WG treatment was applied at a rate of 2 gal water per acre as a spray directed into the furrow. Rainfall totals for the research site during the trial were: 3.03 inches (May), 4.95 inches (Jun), 5.20 inches (Jul), 5.53 inches (Aug), 12.55 inches (Sep), and 4.97 inches (Oct. Plots were rated with the Towa’ rating method on 30 Jul (5 plants/plot), and by quantifying yield on 15 Nov (total grain weight/plot). Final yields were expressed as grain acre at 15.5% moisture.

scholarly journals Corn Rootworm Granular Insecticide Performance, No Till Vs Tilled, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-171
Author(s):  
Keith Jarvi ◽  
Jerry Echtenkamp ◽  
John Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Silty Clay ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Trap Crop ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
No Till ◽  
State 1

Abstract The test plot was planted on 4 May. Banded (7 inch) and in-furrow planting time treatments were applied with a cone-belt distributer mounted on a John Deere Maxemerge equipped with incorporation tines. The seeding rate was 18,000 seeds/acre on 30 inch rows. Soil type was silty clay loam (OM > 3%, pH 6.5). Previous crop was late planted corn planted as a trap crop. The experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications, each treatment a single row 50 ft long. One-half of each treatment block was double disked (tilled) prior to planting (10 to 20% residue cover remaining). The other half was undisturbed (no till) (70-80% residue cover remaining). Treatments were randomized within each one-half block. Preplant anhydrous ammonia was applied at the rate of 90 lb per acre prior to planting. Five randomly selected roots from each replication were rated on the Iowa State 1-6 scale (1, no damage; 6, 3 or more nodes pruned to within Wi inch of the stalk). Twenty roots were rated for each treatment. The roots were dug and rated on 15 Jul. Soil moisture was adequate at planting. Rainfall was adequate through rating time.

Influence of Integrated Agronomic and Weed Management Practices on Soybean Canopy Development and Yield

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Nikola Arsenijevic ◽  
Ryan DeWerff ◽  
Shawn Conley ◽  
Matthew Ruark ◽  
Rodrigo Werle
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Canopy Closure ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soybean Canopy

The role of weed suppression by the cultivated crop is often overlooked in annual row cropping systems. Agronomic practices such as planting time, row spacing, tillage and herbicide selection may influence the time of crop canopy closure. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of the aforementioned agronomic practices and their interaction with the adoption of an effective preemergence (PRE) soil residual herbicide program on soybean canopy closure and yield. A field experiment was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at Arlington, WI as a 2×2×2×2 factorial in a randomized complete block design, including early (late-April) and standard (late-May) planting time, narrow (38 cm) and wide (76 cm) row spacing, conventional tillage and no-till, and soil-applied PRE herbicide (yes and no; flumioxazin 150 g ai ha−1 + metribuzin 449 g ai ha−1 + pyroxasulfone 190 g ai ha-1). All plots were maintained weed-free throughout the growing season. In both years, early planted soybeans reached 90% green canopy cover (T90) before (7 to 9 d difference) and yielded more (188 to 902 kg ha−1 difference) than the standard planted soybeans. Narrow-row soybeans reached T90 earlier than wide-row soybeans (4 to 7 d difference), but yield was similar between row spacing treatments. Conventional tillage had a higher yield when compared to a no-till system (377 kg ha−1 difference). The PRE herbicide slightly delayed T90 (4 d or less) but had no impact on yield. All practices investigated herein influenced the time of soybean canopy closure but only planting time and tillage impacted yield. Planting soybeans earlier and reducing their row spacing expedites the time to canopy closure. The potential delay in canopy development and yield loss if soybeans are allowed to compete with weeds early in the season would likely outweigh the slight delay in canopy development by an effective PRE herbicide.

Risk of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Damage to Continuous Corn in Virginia

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Kuhar ◽  
Roger R. Youngman ◽  
Curtis A. Laub
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Root Damage ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
Plant Yields ◽  
Soil Insecticides

Information on the risk of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, damage to continuously-grown corn previously was lacking in Virginia, as well as other mid-Atlantic states. A field study was conducted in 1993 and 1994 comparing root damage, whole-plant yields, and silage quality in insecticide-treated and untreated sections of 32 continuous corn fields in Virginia. Approximately 28% of the fields had serious root damage exceeding a rating of 3.5 (1–6 scale) in sections not treated with a soil insecticide. Also, 19% of the fields had an economic loss in whole-plant yield due to corn rootworm feeding damage. Silage quality, as evidenced by percent crude protein and acid detergent fiber, was not significantly affected by corn rootworm feeding. Because much of the continuous corn acreage in Virginia is treated preventively with soil insecticides for corn rootworms, the results of this study suggest that a large percentage of this insecticide use is unnecessary.

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