scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Lepidopterous Larvae in Lettuce, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
J. C. Palumbo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded

Abstract Lettuce was direct seeded into double-row beds on 12 Sep at the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center, Yuma, AZ. Plots consisted of four, 45 ft long beds spaced 42 inches apart and bordered on each side by two unplanted beds. Plots were arranged in a completely randomized block design with 4 replicates. Foliar treatments were applied on 7 and 12 Oct with a CO2-powered backpack sprayer with a two-bed boom, having one nozzle per row (TX 12 hollow cone), and delivering 20.5 gal/acre at 40 psi. Latron CS-7 spreader-sticker was applied at 0.125% v/v with all treatments. Evaluations were made on 7, 12, and 17 Oct by selecting 15 plants per replicate, removing all leaves, and counting the total number of small (1st and 2nd instars) and large (>2nd instar) BAW, CL and TBW live larvae. Data were analyzed for treatment differences using ANOVA and a protected LSD.

scholarly journals Effect of Real time nitrogen management on yield attributes of direct seeded rice by using SPAD meter and Greenseeker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
saishree HALLE ◽  
SABYASACHI BISWAL ◽  
BOYAPATI RAVI TEJA NAIDU ◽  
REDDYYAMINI BOMMISETTY
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Spad Meter

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2018, laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications having seven treatments viz. N omission (T1), N applied as basal and AT (T2), N as basal, AT and PI (T3), N as basal and top dressing at NDVI threshold of 0.75 (T4), at NDVI threshold of 0.8 (T5), at SPAD threshold of 35.0 (T6) and SPAD threshold of 37.5 (T7) with Rice variety Sahabhagidhan.The study revealed that application of 30 kg N/ha as basal dose and top dressing of 20 kg N/ha twice at 35 and 63 DAS guided by NDVI threshold value of 0.8 (T5) was found to be superior over other treatments with respect to productivity. T5 recorded highest grain yield of 4438 kg/ha which was 17.0% higher than that top dressed at NDVI threshold of 0.75 (T4) and 7.1% higher than that top dressed at SPAD threshold value of 37.5 (T7). In case of SPAD meter, nitrogen top dressed at threshold value of 37.5 (T7) produced grain yield of 4143 kg/ha which was 15.0% higher than T6. T5 produced maximum dry matter of 8678 kg/ha with highest grain yield (4438 kg/ha), straw yield (5092 kg/ha) and harvest index 46.0%.

scholarly journals Quality of silage produced from intercropped corn RR and soybeans RR

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Sichierski Cardoso ◽  
Adriano Jakelaitis ◽  
Karolyna Oliveira Marques ◽  
Katia Cylene Guimarães ◽  
Leandro Spíndola Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Secondary Factor ◽  
Fertilization System

The objective of this study was to produce silage from intercropped RR glyphosate tolerant corn (RR - Roundup Ready) and RR soybeans under Brazilian Cerrado conditions. The research was carried out in off-season between February and June 2015, in Rio Verde, Goiás (Brazil). In the experimental period the rainfall was 865 mm and the average temperature of 23.7°C. Two trials were performed. The first had corn rows spaced in 1 m with a row of soybeans in the interrow. The second had double corn rows interspersed with one row of soybeans, all spaced in 0.50 m. In both trials, we used a randomized block design, in a 2x2+3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Primary factor consisted of two types of pre-sowing fertilization: one only in corn rows and the other over the total area. The secondary factor corresponded to two soybean varieties: medium and late cycle variety. In addition, three control treatments were made: one of corn and two of soybeans. The corn cutoff point was at the hard farinaceous stage when the milk line reaches half the grain, and in the sole crop soybean at the R5.5 final phase of grain filling. Silage was stored in PVC experimental silos for 60 days. The intercropped treatments, in both spatial arrangements, promoted increases in neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Soybean monoculture presented high values of crude protein and ethereal extract. There were higher effluent losses in medium-cycle soybean variety silage when it was grown in single cropping. However, the lowest effluent losses were recorded for silages of medium-cycle soybean intercropped under a double row pre-sowing corn fertilization system. The soybeans mixed silages produced together with corn under off-season conditions did not yield satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Drip Irrigation Scheduling for Higher Growth, Productivity and Input Use Efficiency of Direct Seeded Basmati Rice in Indo-Gangetic Plains for Climate Resilient

2019 ◽  
pp. 332-340
Author(s):  
A. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
T. Pandiaraj ◽  
P. Soman ◽  
R. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
T. C. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Use Efficiency

The Indo-Gangetic plain (IGP) is an environmentally susceptible, communally momentous and economically tactical sphere of India where landscape, ground water and soil fertility are threatened by climate change. An increasing water scarcity for rice in the irrigated IGP is urging farmers to espouse water saving technologies such micro irrigation. Rice growing with drip irrigation may substantially reduce irrigation water requirement of rice. In order to make assessment of drip irrigation in rice, a field experiment was carried out at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand in 2017. Rice was established by Direct Seeding in conventional and drip irrigation treatments. The treatments were laid with drip irrigation at 50, 75 and 100% CPE on each 2 and 4 days interval. Two conventional irrigation practices (i.e. absolute control and farmers’ practice) were also included in the study. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications. Compared with farmers practice, (transplanted and flooded) drip irrigation at 100% CPE on two days interval produced taller shoots and higher yield attributes of rice crop. Rice grown in drip irrigation was found more grain yield than farmers’ practice. Among drip irrigation, 100% CPE on 2 days gap (T5) recorded 45% higher grain yield (5800 kg ha-1) than farmers practice. Similarly, T5 treatment was higher content and uptake of nutrient. However, treatments T3 (50% CPE on 2 days gap) followed by T7 (75% CPE on 4 days interval) had higher water use efficiency. Result, further revealed that fertilizer use efficiency of T5 treatment was found to be higher (23.2 kg grain per kg fertilizer applied). Hence, rice is scheduled with drip irrigation at a tune of 100% CPE on 2 days interval can benefit over sustaining the direct seeded basmati rice productivity. However, there is a demand to examine these benefits of drip irrigation in rice in relation to the viability of adoption by farmers.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tebu pada Beberapa Paket Tata Tanam di Lahan Kering

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djumali , ◽  
Ahmad Dhiaul Khuluq ◽  
Dan Sri Mulyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cane Productivity

ABSTRACT<br /><br />The increasing demand on sugar and increasing land competition among agriculture comodities, urges improving sugar production through intensification programs. Planting arrangement was one of the intensification programs to increase  sugar production. Hence the objective of the experiment was to evaluate planting arrangement in order to produce higher sugar  yield. Research was carried out in Muktiharjo Research Station, Pati in January to October 2013 for plant cane (PC) and November 2013 to October 2014 for  first ratoon cane (RC-1). Five packages of planting arrangement was evaluated in this study, they were (1) a single row CTC (distance inter row = from center to center) 110 cm + single seed, (2) single row CTC 130 cm + single seed, (3) double row CTC 50/135 cm + single seed, (4) double row CTC 50/170 cm + double seeds and (5) double row CTC 50/210 cm + double seeds, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. A double row CTC 50/170 cm + double seeds  planting arrangement produced the highest cane productivity, sugar yield and profit, i.e.,  191.02 ton ha-1, 15.33 ton ha-1 and IDR 30,654,000,- ha-1, respectively for the PC whereas for the RC-1 was 177.36 ton ha-1,  12.43 ton ha-1,  and IDR 30,897,000,- ha-1,  respectively.<br /><br />Keywords: Double row, production,  Saccharum officinarum, sugar yield

scholarly journals Sorgo en doble hilera versus surco sencillo en el noreste de México.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Raúl Rodríguez ◽  
Heriberto Torres ◽  
Héctor Williams ◽  
Noé Montes
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Randomized Block Design

An experiment was conducted to compare the traditional sorghum sowing method (single row) with double row method in the spring of 1992 under irrigation conditions in Rio Bravo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. A Complete Randomized Block design with a 2 x 5 factorial distribution was used with six replications; where the factors were: sowing method (doble and single row) and population density (187, 256, 342, 375 and 435 thousand plants/hectare). The hybrid Pioneer 8244 was used and planted at 0.80 m between rows. The parameters evaluated were plant height, panicle excertion, panic1e lenght and weight, grain number and moisture, weight of a thousand grains, grain yield and plant mortality. Mean separations were run using the Duncan's test. The grain yield and number per panicle were higher in double row method than in single row by 7.5 and 18.9 %, respectively; while grain weight and plant height showed higher values in single row than doble row. On the other hand, the weight and panic1e length decreased when population density increased in both methods, while panic1e excertion and plant mortality increased.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMPOSISI PUPUK KS, ZA, DAN UREA, SERTA DOSIS N TERHADAP MUTU TEMBAKAU BESUKI NO

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
MOCHAMMAD SHOLEH ◽  
ABDUL RACHMAN ◽  
MACHFUDZ MACHFUDZ
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Thickness ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Organoleptic Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

<p><strong>Effect of KS, AS, and urea Compositions and N-dosages on quality of Besuki cigar tobacco</strong></p><p>The experiment was conducted on loamy soil at Ajung, Jember from June 1999 to March 2000. The objective was to study the effect of Kalk Salpetcr (KS), ammonium sulphates (AS), and urea compositions and N-dosages on quality of Besuki cigar tobacco. The treatment consisted of two factors i.e. fertilizer composition and N dosages. The first factor was 5 levels of fertilizer composition, i.e. KS; KS(50%)+AS (50%); AS; KS(50%)+urea (50%) and uea. The second factor was 3 level of N-dosages, i.e. 60, 90 and 120 kg N/ha. The treatments were arranged in factorially randomized block design with 3 replications. Planting space was double row (100+70) cm x 40 cm wiUi a population of 168 plants per plot. Results showed thai AS or urea as side dressing fertilizer was not significantly different from KS fertilizer on the percentage of warpper (dekblad) and binder (omblad) quality, leaf thickness, and burning capacity. But especially on organolcptic AS or urea as side dressing fertilizer decreased organoleptic quality, i.e. the taste was bitter and irritating, less aromatic, bad smell, ash color changed from white to black, and decreased ash resistance. All of those characteristics were not desirable in cigar factory. Based on organolcptic quality we suggest the following : (I) AS and urea should be used as a starter only not as side dressing fertilizer, (2) KS fertilizer still perform Ihe best result (3) recommended N-dosage was 60 kg N/ha.</p>

Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) Responses to Floating Row-cover

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 475b-475
Author(s):  
Hassan Elattir ◽  
Mohamed Derouich ◽  
Abdelhaq Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

Two groups of Cucumis melo L. cv. Galia F1 were seeded on 10 Jan. 1994. The first group was direct-seeded in a loam sandy soil and covered at the same time with perforated polyethylene floating rowcover. The other group was seeded in a nursery and the muskmelon seedlings were transplanted and covered by perforated polyethylene in 7 Feb. 1994. The experiment was conducted in the Complexe Horticole experiment station located 17 km southeast of Agadir in a randomized block design with four treatments and four replications. Floating rowcover increased minimal and maximal air temperatures by 0.92 to 2.43 °C and 3,71 to 6.99 °C, respectively. Ten centimeters deep, soil temperatures of covered treatments were higher by 0.35 to 0.57 °C and 0.71 to 1 °C at 7 AM and 4.30 PM respectively. Plant early yield recorded in the four treatments: transplanted muskmelon with floating rowcover, direct seeded muskmelon with floating rowcover, transplanted muskmelon without cover and direct seeding without cover was 2003.9 g, 1219.2 g, 500.9 g, and 60.6 g respectively.

scholarly journals POPULATION AND SPECTRUM OF DROPLETS PRODUCED DURING ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING AND HYDRAULIC SPRAYING USING AIR ASSISTANCE - DOI: 10.13083/1414-3984.v22n05a02

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-412
Author(s):  
Murilo Mesquita Baesso ◽  
Francelino Augusto Rofrigues Junior ◽  
Ronaldo Goulart Magno Junior ◽  
Mauri Martins Teixeira ◽  
Alcir Jose Modolo
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Electrostatic Spraying ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Droplet Density ◽  
Flat Fan Nozzle

The droplet population produced during spraying influences the efficiency of pesticide application. It is possible to define a minimum number of droplets per unit area depending on the treatment and product to be applied. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the populations and the spectra of droplets produced during electrostatic and air-assisted spraying. Factors including types of nozzles, spray volume, type of spray and its influence on the percentage coverage and density of droplet population. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial [two types of nozzles (Jacto JA-4, hollow cone and Jacto AXI-110-04, flat fan nozzle tip), two spray volumes (200 L ha-1 and 400 L ha-1) and two sprayer types (air-assistance in the spraying sleeve boom and electrostatic spraying)] in a randomized block design with four replications. The electrostatic sprayer increased droplet density per cm2 of leaf.

scholarly journals VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA SEMEADURA DE SOJA EM DIFERENTES ARRANJOS ESPACIAIS DE PLANTAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
LEANDRO AUGUSTO Augusto Felix TAVARES ◽  
Tiago Pereira da Silva Correia ◽  
Saulo Fernando Gomes Sousa ◽  
Neilor Bugoni Riquetti ◽  
Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Double Line ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
E Mail

VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA SEMEADURA DE SOJA EM DIFERENTES ARRANJOS ESPACIAIS DE PLANTAS   LEANDRO AUGUSTO FELIX TAVARES1, TIAGO PEREIRA DA SILVA CORREIA2, SAULO FERNANDO GOMES SOUSA3, NEILOR BUGONI RIQUETTI4, PAULO ROBERTO ARBEX SILVA5             1 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Avenida Universitária, número 1000, bairro Universitários, Cep: 38610-000, Unaí/MG, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]               2 Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Campos Universitário Darci Ribeiro ICC – Asa Norte, Cep: 04508, Brasília/DF, e-mail: [email protected]                                         3 Agroefetiva, Rua Pinheiro Machado, número 689, bairro Vila São Lucio, Cep: 18600-180 Botucatu/SP, e-mail: [email protected]                                     4 Departamento de Agricultura, Biodiversidade e Florestas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rodovia Ulysses Gaboardi, número 3000, Cep: 89520-000, Curitibanos/SC, e-mail: [email protected]                                         5 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Estadual paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rua Dr. José Barbosa de Barros, número 1780, Cep: 18610-034, bairro Jardim Paraiso, Botucatu/ SP, e-mail [email protected]   RESUMO: Novos arranjos de semeadura têm sido estudados por diversos pesquisadores na tentativa de se obter maiores produtividades, dentre eles o espaçamento reduzido entre linhas, linhas cruzadas e linha dupla. O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar a produtividade e balanço econômico da semeadura de soja utilizando diferentes arranjos espaciais de plantas e semeadoras-adubadoras. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Fazenda Lageado, pertencente a Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus Botucatu-SP. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, sendo quatro arranjos de plantas na semeadura (convencional, cruzada, adensado e em fileira dupla) e dois tipos de semeadora-adubadora (Precisão e fluxo contínuo), com quatro repetições, totalizando 32 parcelas experimentais. O balanço econômico foi realizado utilizando a metodologia de custo operacional de máquinas agrícolas descrita por Mialhe (1974) e ASABE (2011). Pode-se concluir que o arranjo de semeadura de soja em linha dupla com semeadora-adubadora de precisão apresenta maior produtividade, rentabilidade e benefício/custo.   Palavras-chaves: produtividade, desempenho operacional, rentabilidade, linha dupla.   ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF SOYBEAN SOWING IN DIFFERENT      PLANTS SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS       ABSTRACT: Several researchers has been studying new sowing arrangements, including reduced row spacing, cross row spacing and double row spacing in an attempt to obtain higher yields.  The aim of this study      was to perform soybean      sowing  productivity and economic balance using different spatial arrangements of plants and sowing-fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of      Lageado Farm, belonging to the College of Agricultural  Sciences at University of Sao Paulo State Campus of Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The experimental design was in a randomized block design, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with four planting arrangements (conventional, crossed, adensed and double row) and two types of sowing-fertilizers (precision and continuous flow), with four replications, totali     zing 32 experimental plots. The economical balance was carried out using operational cost of agricultural machines methodology. It was concluded that the double row soybean sowing arrangement with the precision sowing-fertilizer presents higher productivity, profitability and cost-benefit.   Keywords: productivity, operating performance, profitability, double line.  

scholarly journals Genetic variability and association of yield attributing traits with grain yield in upland rice

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitiprasad Jambhulkar ◽  
Lotan Bose
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Effect On Yield

A study was undertaken to find out the genetic variability and correlation between yield and other yield attributing characters of rice genotypes in upland ecology. The experiment was conducted with twenty two upland genotypes grown during Wet season under direct seeded condition in a randomized block design. Analysis of variance shows significance in all the traits indicating the presence of considerable amount of genetic variation among the genotypes. The traits like plant height, ear bearing tiller and yield has high genotypic coefficient of variance, phenotypic coefficient of variance and genetic advance. Plant height, ear bearing tiller, panicle length, panicle weight and length were positively and significantly correlated with yield. Plant height and grain per panicle, 50% flowering, thousand grain weight and ear bearing tiller has high direct effect on yield. Therefore, selection based on plant height, 50% flowering, thousand grain weight and ear bearing tiller could be more effective in upland rice.

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