scholarly journals Efficacy of Selected Insecticides Against Field Populations of Beet Armyworm, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-256
Author(s):  
V. J. Mascarenhas ◽  
J. B. Graves ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
E. Burris ◽  
D. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Insecticide Efficacy ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Field tests were conducted at the Northeast Research Stations located at St. Joseph and Winnsboro, LA to evaluate the efficacy of 3 registered and 3 experimental insecticides against beet armyworms on cotton. Each test was arranged in a RCBD and replicated 4 times with plots of 4 rows (40 inch centers) by 50 ft. In Test I, cotton (‘Stoneville LA 887’) was planted on 16 May. In Test I cotton (‘DPL 5690’) was planted on 20 Jun. Treatments for Tests I and II were applied with a high clearance sprayer on 15 and 30 Aug, respectively. In Test I, the sprayer was calibrated to deliver 10 gpa through Teejet X-12 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 52 psi. In Test II, the sprayer was calibrated to deliver 11.3 gpa through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 44 psi. Treatment efficacy was determined by taking 2 drop-cloth 3 ft2 samples of a single treated row. Samples were taken at 3, 5, 7 and 10 DAT on rows 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by means separation according to Fischer’s Protected LSD. No rainfall occurred during the experimental period in Test I. Only a trace (< 0.05 inches) of rainfall was recorded during the experimental period in Test II at 7 DAT and it was not considered sufficient to affect insecticide efficacy.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Selected Commercial and Experimental Insecticides Against Late Season Populations of Beet Armyworm, Soybean Looper, and Tobacco Budworm, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Graves ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
C. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Soybean Looper ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Three tests, each consisting of 4-5 insecticide treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCBD at the Macon Ridge Branch of the Northeast Research Station, Winnsboro, LA. Cotton was planted 1 Jul into plots 4 rows (40 inch centers) by 30 ft. Treatments for Tests 1, 2 and 3 were applied on 2, 13 and 14 Sep, respectively, with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 11.5 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Treatment efficacy was determined by taking a 10 sweep (standard 15 inch diam net) sample from each plot. Sweep samples were usually taken 2, 4-5 and 6-7 DAT on rows 1, 2 or 3, respectively. The test areas received 0.20, 0.67 and 1.1 inches rainfall on 6, 15 and 16 Sep, respectively.

scholarly journals Control of Southern Armyworm with Bacillus Thuringiensis in Staked Tomato, Fall 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
P. A. Stansly ◽  
J. M. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Southern Armyworm ◽  
Pump Pressure ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Greenhouse raised tomato seedings “Florasette” were planted 8 Sep. 1994, 18 inches within the row on six subirrigated beds, 240 ft long, 32 ft wide on 6 ft centers. Beds had been fumigated with methyl bromide + chloropicrin 67/33 at a rate of 2201b/acre and mulched with whiteside polyethylene. Each of 4, 125 ft blocks was divided into 4, 3-row plots 25 ft long plus 2.5 ft walkways. Plants were sprayed weekly with an alternating combination of Maneb 80 WP at 1 lb/acre plus Kocide 101 at 31b/acre and Bravo 720 at 1.5 pt/acre for disease control. Plants were inoculated on 5 Oct with beet armyworm and on 19 Oct with SAW on 19 Oct to supplement natural populations by applying 2-3 neonates (2-3 per plant) in Grito-O-Cobs (20-40 mesh) to foliage with a “bazooka” gun. Treatments and spray schedules are given in Tables 1 and 2. Spray was delivered weekly for 7 weeks starting in 21 Oct using a high clearance sprayer equipped with yellow hollow cone Albuz nozzles at 200 psi pump pressure. Configuration for the first 4 applications was 9 nozzles per row, one overhead and four each side calibrated to deliver 89 GPA. An additional nozzle per side drop was added for the last 3 applications to deliver 110 GPA. Larval populations were evaluated weekly from 21 Oct to 29 Nov on 6 ft of row from the center of each 3-row plot in two-plant (between-stake) units. Larvae were counted in 3 size categories: small, medium and large but only medium and large are reported. Fruit of marketable size was harvested on 21 Nov & 02 Dec and graded on a commercial table with weights and numbers recorded.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticide Combinations Against Boll Worm/Tobacco Budworm During Late Season in Louisiana, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-272
Author(s):  
K. D. Torrey ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
J. H. Fife ◽  
J. H. Pankey ◽  
J. B. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Late Season ◽  
High Clearance ◽  
Overhead Sprinkler

Abstract This test was conducted at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station. Cotton was planted 12 Jun in plots consisting of 4 rows (40 inch centers) X 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design, replicated 4 times. Applications were made with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gpa through Teejet TX-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Insecticides were applied on 8, 11, 14, 18 Aug and 11 Sep. Treatments were evaluated by examining 50 flower buds (squares) per plot for evidence of BW/TBW damage. The plots were mechanically harvested on 16 Oct to determine seedcotton yields. The test area was irrigated by an overhead sprinkler “as needed” during the season, but not within 48 h of treatment applications. Rainfall was not a factor influencing treatment efficacy in this test. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, and means were separated according to DMRT.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pirate 3SC Against Cotton Insect Pests in Louisiana, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
C. A. White ◽  
J. B. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Boll Weevil ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Soybean Looper ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Cotton was planted 2 Jun with plots consisting of 4 rows (40 inch centers) × 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD, replicated 4 times. Applications were made with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Insecticides were applied on 9, 12, 15, 22 Aug and 1 Sep. Treatments were evaluated by examining 50 squares per plot on 12, 15, 19, 26 Aug for evidence of bollworm-tobacco budworm and boll weevil damage. The data reported for boll weevil are a summary of across sample dates. High numbers of soybean looper and beet armyworm larvae were observed in the plots during Sep and visual defoliation ratings were used to evaluate treatments on 21 Sep. Each plot was scored as follows: 0 (no feeding damage), 1 (feeding damage within the lower Vi of the plant), 2 (feeding damage in the lower Vs and middle % of the plant) or 3 (feeding damage throughout the plant). The plots were mechanically harvested on 25 Oct to determine seedcotton yields. The test area received 0.1, 1.9, 0.6 and 0.2 inches rainfall on 14, 21 Aug, and 2, 7 Sep, respectively. Supplemental moisture was provided by sprinkler irrigation “as needed” during the season, but not within 48 h of treatment applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticide Combinations Against Late Season Populations of Bollworms, Tobacco Budworms and Boll Weevils, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-198
Author(s):  
J. B. Graves ◽  
J. H. Pankey ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
C. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Test Area ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Late Season ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Six insecticide treatments were evaluated at the Macon Ridge Branch of the Northeast Research Station, Winnsboro, LA, to determine their efficacy in controlling the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex and boll weevils. Cotton was planted 18 Jun in plots consisting of 4 rows (40 inch centers) × 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Treatments were applied with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gal total spray/acre through Teejet X-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Insecticides were applied on 22, 26 Aug and 1 Sep against established populations of bollworms, tobacco budworms (primarily tobacco budworms) and boll weevils. Efficacy of the various treatments against these species was determined on 25, 31 Aug and 7 Sep by examining 50 squares/plot for evidence of feeding damage. Also numbers of larvae per 50 squares were recorded for the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex. The plots were mechanically harvested on 25 Oct to determine seed cotton yields. The test area received 0.57 and 0.20 inches rainfall on 1 and 6 Sep, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Insecticide Rescue Treatment Against Bollworm, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-228
Author(s):  
J. H. Fife ◽  
B. R. Leonard ◽  
K. D. Torrey ◽  
J. B. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Field Sample ◽  
Rescue Treatment ◽  
Charged System ◽  
Second Procedure ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract The efficacy of selected insecticide treatments was evaluated against an established infestation of BW at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station. Cotton seed was planted 29 May in plots consisting of 4 rows (40-inch centers) X 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design and replicated 6 times. Applications were made with a high-clearance sprayer and CO2-charged system calibrated to deliver 6 gpa through Teejet TX-8 hollow-cone nozzles (2/row) at 47 psi. Insecticides were applied on 6 Aug. Treatments were evaluated using two methods. In the first, 5 BW larval infested bolls were removed from each plot 2 h after treatment, placed in 20-ml plastic vials, and transported to the laboratory. Mortality of BW larvae was determined at 2 DAT and 4 DAT. In the second procedure, a field sample of 100 random bolls was taken from each plot and examined for damage and live larvae at 5 DAT. Rainfall did not influence the efficacy of these treatments. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and means were separated according to DMRT.

scholarly journals Influence of canopy development in the vineyard on spray deposition from a tunnel sprayer

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Pergher ◽  
Nicola Zucchiatti
Keyword(s):  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Height Range ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Wall Area ◽  
Rate Adjustment

Spray deposition from a tunnel, air-assisted sprayer was analysed during the whole season, following canopy development in a vertical-shoot-positioned vineyard. Four field tests were performed using hollow-cone, turbulence nozzles between the BBCH 15 (5 leaves unfolded) and BBCH 77 (berries beginning to touch) growth stages, plus an additional test with flat-fan, air-injection nozzles at BBCH 77. The main canopy parameters were assessed, including the canopy height range (0.6 m to 1.4 m), the leaf area index (LAI; 0.15 to 1.60) and the leaf layer index (LLI; 0.69 to 2.74). Total deposition on target (leaves and bunches) increased from 14.8% to 53.9% of volume applied, and was significantly related to the LLI (R² = 0.943); the relevance of such relationship in connection with the leaf wall area model for volume rate adjustment is discussed in the paper. Losses to the ground (1.9% to 8.1% of volume applied), spray recovery rate (31.0% to 67.2%) and losses owing to evaporation of the recycled liquid (0.1% to 3.5%) were also analysed. At BBCH 77, air-injection nozzles did not improve overall deposition in comparison to hollow-cone nozzles, but increased spray recovery (from 31.0% to 36.1%) and reduced (to 0.1%) evaporation of the recycled liquid, so that they may represent an option to avoid an excessive concentration in the tank towards the end of application.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Selected Conventional and Experimental Insecticides and Bt Hybrids for Control of Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
J. T. Shaw ◽  
R. Weinzierl ◽  
J. W. Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract The tests were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Each plot consisted of four rows, each being 30 inches wide and 50 ft long. Thirty-foot-wide alleys were established between the four replications. Insecticides were applied to the middle two rows of each plot, leaving two untreated rows between adjoining plots. Twelve insecticide treatments were compared with two Br-sweet corn hybrids (Heritage Bt and Bonus Bt) and their non-Bt isolines to two untreated controls. The 12 chemical treatments and the two untreated checks were planted with the Silver King variety sweet corn. Two untreated check plots were included in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Treatments were applied very four to five days beginning on 8 Aug at 8% silk. All insecticide treatments were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV) with a rear-mounted boom. Six Conejet (TX VS-8) hollow-cone nozzles (three per row) were calibrated to deliver 30.1 gpa at 40 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph, utilizing a compressed air system. Four nozzles (two per row) were attached to drops and directed the spray towards the ear zone area, a third nozzle (one per row) was mounted directly over the row with the spray being directed into the whorl (tassel) area.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Insecticides for Management of Sorghum Midge in Sorghum, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-278
Author(s):  
B. A. Castro ◽  
T. J. Riley ◽  
B. R. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Sorghum Midge ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Charged System ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract Selected insecticides were evaluated for control of sorghum midge in grain sorghum at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station near Winnsboro, LA. Grain sorghum was planted in a Gigger-Gilbert silt loam on 6 Jun in 4-row plots (40-inch centers) X 60 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. In-secticide treatments were applied with a high clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2 charged system calibrated to deliver 6 gpa at 47 psi through TX-8 hollow-cone nozzles (2/row). All insecticides were applied on 5 Aug when an average of 25% of sorghum plants in the field were at some stage of yellow flowering. Sorghum midge damage to seed heads was evaluated in the field on 5 Sep by visually estimating the percent blasted kernels on each of 20 randomly selected panicles from the 2 center rows per plot. Sorghum seed yields were obtained on 10 Sep by mechanically harvesting the 2 center rows in each plot. Sorghum midge damage data were transformed [arcsin (x/100)] prior to ANOVA and DNMRT. Actual means are presented in the table.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Selected Bacillus Thuringiensis Insecticides for Control of Soybean Looper in North Louisiana, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanne N. Mascarenhas ◽  
Alan T. Wier ◽  
David J. Boethel ◽  
P. Scott Lingren ◽  
B. Rogers Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Soybean Looper ◽  
North Louisiana

Abstract A field study was conducted at the Macon Ridge Branch, Northeast Research Station, located near Winnsboro (Franklin Parish), Louisiana, to evaluate the efficacy of several B. thuringiensis insecticides for soybean looper control. Test plots were 50 ft long by 5 rows with a 40 inch row spacing and were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Insecticides were applied with a tractor and compressed air sprayer calibrated to deliver 10 gpa at 38 psi through TX8 hollow cone nozzles (2 per row). Insecticide treatments were applied to soybeans in the R5 stage of growth (beginning seed) on 25 Aug. Posttreatment counts, consisting of 25 sweeps per plot, were taken with a 15 inch diameter muslin net at 2, 5, and 7 DAT. No rainfall occurred and the plots were not irrigated during the experimental period. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by means separation according to DMRT.

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