scholarly journals A Critical Evaluation of Kenyon's Shag (Phalacrocorax [Stictocarbo] Kenyoni)

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sievert Rohwer ◽  
Christopher E. Filardi ◽  
Kimberly S. Bostwick ◽  
A. Townsend Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Abstract We examine the validity of Phalacrocorax [Stictocarbo] kenyoni, which was described by Siegel-Causey (1991) from the Aleutian Islands using midden remains and existing skeletal specimens. We emphasize a morphometric evaluation of the taxon using 224 skeletal specimens of North Pacific cormorants, but we also evaluate the qualitative characters originally used to characterize P. kenyoni. Principal components and discriminant function analyses of 14 skeletal characters failed to support the validity of the species. Similarly, all seven of the character states that Seigel-Causey described as unique to P. kenyoni also were found in P. pelagicus and P. urile. Thus, the three type specimens of P. kenyoni appear to be P. pelagicus. Although we could not confirm the validity of P. kenyoni, our morphometric analyses revealed that P. pelagicus individuals from the central Aleutians are smaller than those from surrounding populations.

Morphometric similarity of Mallards and American Black Ducks

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 2248-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Hanson ◽  
C. Davison Ankney
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Tarsus Length ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Wing Chord ◽  
American Black ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Morphometric data were collected from 347 American Black Ducks (Anas rubripes), and 1466 Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) taken by hunters in the Lake St. Clair and Lake Erie regions of southwestern Ontario during autumn 1986 and from 511 American Black Ducks shot throughout the province of New Brunswick during the 1988 and 1989 hunting seasons. Discriminant function analyses based on eight external morphometric variables (wing chord, tarsus length, middle toe length, hind toe length, culmen, head length, naris width, and bill width) did not accurately distinguish Black Ducks from Mallards. Discriminant function analyses produced correct classification rates that, averaged over the four age–sex classes, were 61% for Mallards and 71% for Black Ducks. The highest classification rates were from the discriminant function analyses of Ontario Black Ducks and New Brunswick Black Ducks that, averaged over the four age–sex classes, were 74% for Ontario Black Ducks and 80% for New Brunswick Black Ducks. Although our morphometric analyses did not incorporate all morphometric characteristics of Black Ducks and Mallards, they do show that Black Ducks and Mallards collected in eastern Canada are morphometrically very similar.

Flathead Sole (Hippoglossoides) in the North Pacific

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-462
Author(s):  
C. R. Forrester ◽  
H. Tsuyuki ◽  
S. Fuke ◽  
J. E. Smith ◽  
J. Schnute
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Morphometric and electrophoretic examinations were made of 314 specimens comprising 16 samples of flathead sole (Hippoglossoides) from various locations in the North Pacific. On the basis of muscle and hemoglobin analysis no distinction could be made among samples from different locations. However, with the aid of discriminant function analyses on the morphometrics three groups were distinguishable which can be equated to H. elassodon (Jordon and Gilbert), H. robustus (Gill and Townsend), and H. dubius (Schmidt).

Diagnoses Generated by Numerical Taxonomic Methods Applied to Standard Blood Variables

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
L. A. Abbott ◽  
J. B. Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Components Analysis

Data taken from the blood of 262 patients diagnosed for malabsorption, elective cholecystectomy, acute cholecystitis, infectious hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, or chronic renal disease were analyzed with three numerical taxonomy (NT) methods : cluster analysis, principal components analysis, and discriminant function analysis. Principal components analysis revealed discrete clusters of patients suffering from chronic renal disease, liver cirrhosis, and infectious hepatitis, which could be displayed by NT clustering as well as by plotting, but other disease groups were poorly defined. Sharper resolution of the same disease groups was attained by discriminant function analysis.

Validity and Clinical Scale Comparisons between the MMPI and MMPI-2 with Psychiatric Inpatients

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dudley David Blake ◽  
Phillip M. Kleespies ◽  
Walter E. Penk ◽  
Suellen S. Walsh ◽  
DeAnna L. Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Clinical Scale ◽  
Acute Psychiatry ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

This study was designed to investigate the comparability of the original MMPI (1950) and the MMPI-2 (1989) with a psychiatric patient population. 34 male and 3 female patients, shortly after admission to one of two acute psychiatry units, completed the old and revised versions of the MMPI. Paired t tests indicated but scant differences for raw scores, while many more differences were found among T scores for validity, clinical, and supplemental scales. Analyses, however, showed all scales on the two forms to be highly correlated. Analysis of the high-point and two-point codes across the two administrations also showed relative stability, although the proportion of Scales 2 (Depression) and 8 (Schizophrenia) decreased, while those for Scales 6 (Paranoia) and 7 (Psychasthenia) increased markedly in the MMPI-2 protocols. Examination of each version's discriminability among mood- and thought-disordered subsamples suggested that the MMPI provides slightly better delineation between diagnostic classes. Discriminant function analyses showed that there were essentially no differences between the two forms in the accurate classification of clinical and nonclinical groups. The findings reported here provide support for the MMPI-2; despite modification, the newer form retains the advantages of the original MMPI. Differences found here may be unique to psychiatric patients and their patterns of MMPI/MMPI-2 equivalence and may not generalize to other special populations.

Palmaria hecatensis sp. nov. (Rhodophyta, Palmariales) from British Columbia and Alaska with a survey of other Palmaria species

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Intertidal Zones ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Palmaria hecatensis sp. nov. is described based on material from northern British Columbia. Male gametophytes and tetrasporophytes are thick, coriaceous, flattened blades, linear to lobed in habit and arise from an extensive encrusting basal holdfast. Putative female gametophytes are microscopic multicellular discs. Palmaria hecatensis grows on rocky shores in the midintertidal to lower intertidal zones and has a known geographical distribution from Nootka Island, Vancouver Island, B.C., to Shemya Island in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Palmaria hecatensis is compared with other species in the genus and, in addition, another distinctive (and possibly undescribed) Palmaria species from British Columbia and Alaska is discussed, bringing the total number of Palmaria species reported in the North Pacific Ocean to six.

scholarly journals Truss network based morphometric and meristic variations among south-western populations of Macrognathus aculeatus in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3(SI)) ◽  
pp. 887-894
Author(s):  
M. Sarower-E-Mahfuj ◽  
◽  
S.K. Das ◽  
K.N. Azad ◽  
A.K. Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Network System ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Macrognathus Aculeatus ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Separation Results ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Aim: Landmark-based truss network system was applied to examine the morphometric and meristic differences among four different populaces of Macrognathus aculeatus namely; Dhakuriabeel, Jashore (DBJ); Arial Kha River, Madaripur (AKRM); Nabaganga River, Jhenaidah (NRJ); Kopotakkha River, Jashore (KRJ) in Bangladesh. Methodology: Completely 80 samples of M. aculeatus were collected (20 individuals from each population) for this study. Six meristic characters, 6 morphometric characters and 15 truss-based morphometric characters were measured for one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-HSD post hoc test. Discriminant function analyses were also performed by using morphometric and truss-based morphometric characters to detect potential characters responsible for population separation. Results: Completely 80 samples of M. aculeatus were collected (20 individuals from each population) for this study. Six meristic characters, 6 morphometric characters and 15 truss-based morphometric characters were measured for one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey-HSD post hoc test. Discriminant function analyses were also performed by using morphometric and truss-based morphometric characters to detect potential characters responsible for population separation. Interpretation: The baseline information derived from the present study would be useful for appropriate conservation of M. aculeatus populations as well as for the researchers for further investigation.

scholarly journals Strengthened Relationship between Tropical West Pacific and Midsummer Precipitation over Northeast China after the Mid-1990s

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 6833-6848
Author(s):  
Tingting Han ◽  
Minghua Zhang ◽  
Botao Zhou ◽  
Xin Hao ◽  
Shangfeng Li
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
Circulation Anomalies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Central North Pacific

AbstractThe relationship between the tropical west Pacific (TWP) and East Asian summer monsoon/precipitation has been documented in previous studies. However, the stability for the signals of midsummer precipitation in the TWP sea surface temperature (SST_TWP), which is important for climate variation, has drawn little attention. This study identifies a strengthened relationship between the leading empirical orthogonal function mode (EOF1) of midsummer precipitation over Northeast China (NEC) and the SST_TWP after the mid-1990s. The EOF1 mode shows a significant positive correlation with the SST_TWP for 1996–2016, whereas the relationship is statistically insignificant for 1961–90. Further results indicate that the North Pacific multidecadal oscillation (NPMO) shifts to a positive phase after the 1990s. In the positive NPMO phase, the anomalous circulation over the northeast Pacific expands westward over the central North Pacific–Aleutian Islands region. Concurrently, the SST_TWP-associated wavelike pattern propagates northeastward from the west Pacific to the northwest Pacific and farther to the North Pacific, facilitating the poleward expansion and intensification of the SST_TWP-related circulation anomalies over the North Pacific. Therefore, the SST_TWP has an enhanced influence on NEC precipitation through the modulation of the circulation anomalies over the central North Pacific–Aleutian Islands region after the mid-1990s. Additionally, the tropical anticyclone/cyclone associated with the SST_TWP expands westward to South China, exerting an intensified impact on meridional wind anomalies along eastern China and on moisture transport over NEC. These conditions jointly contribute to the strengthened relationship between the SST_TWP and the EOF1 mode of NEC midsummer precipitation after the mid-1990s.

Obsidian Blades from La Blanca, a Changing Lithic Industry on the South Coast of Guatemala

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Roger Nance ◽  
Katharine A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Linear Discriminant Function ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Bipolar Technology ◽  
Lithic Industry ◽  
Edge Wear ◽  
Middle Preclassic ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

In a study of Middle Preclassic (Conchas phase) ceramics from the site of La Blanca, Love (1989) derived a sequence of four subphases. Here, the focus is on 431 prismatic obsidian blades excavated from the same deposits in order to discern if patterns of change can be discovered in this lithic industry. For each blade, recorded attributes describe blade dimensions and edge wear, as observed through low-power microscopy. Chronological controls were set by ceramic associations. Through the sequence, blades became smaller and more fragmentary, due, we hypothesized, to an increasing scarcity of obsidian. As predicted from these trends, we found that wear patterns became more pronounced through time, and use of a bipolar technology became increasingly important for removing (rejuvenating) worn lateral edges. A definite obsidian-blade sequence emerged, which was investigated through linear discriminant-function analyses.

Sensation Seeking among High and Low-Risk Male Athletes

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Straub
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Many problems are associated with the measurement of athletes in contemporary sport psychology. There is, for example, a dearth of valid and reliable tests to assess the many and diverse behaviors of players. The purpose of this investigation was to attempt to validate Zuckerman's sensation seeking scale (SSS V) using high- and low-risk sport participants. The SSS (Form V) was administered to male hang gliders (n = 33), automobile racers (n = 22), and intercollegiate bowlers (n = 25). It was hypothesized that the high-risk athletes (hang gliders and auto racers) would score significantly higher (.05 level) than the low-risk sport participants (bowlers) in total sensation seeking score and on the four subscales of Zuckerman's test. Stepwise multiple discriminant function analyses found that except for thrill and adventure seeking and disinhibition subscales, the above hypotheses were tenable. Thus, it was concluded that support exists for Zuckerman's SSS (Form V) as a measure of sensation seeking among male athletes.

Dominance and geographic information contained within black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) song

Behaviour ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 150 (13) ◽  
pp. 1601-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison H. Hahn ◽  
Lauren M. Guillette ◽  
Marisa Hoeschele ◽  
Daniel J. Mennill ◽  
Ken A. Otter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Relative Amplitude ◽  
Complex Signal ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Song Variation ◽  
Eastern Ontario ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

In songbirds, male song is an acoustic signal used to attract mates and defend territories. Typically, song is an acoustically complex signal; however, the fee-bee song of the black-capped chickadee is relatively simple. Despite this relative simplicity, two previous studies (Christie et al., 2004b; Hoeschele et al., 2010) found acoustic features within the fee-bee song that contain information regarding an individual’s dominance rank; however each of these studies reported a different dominance-related acoustic cue. Specifically, the relative amplitude of the two notes differed between the songs of dominant and subordinate males from northern British Columbia, while the interval pitch ratio differed between the songs of dominant and subordinate males from eastern Ontario. In the current study, we examined six acoustic features within songs from both of the chickadee populations (northern British Columbia and eastern Ontario) examined in these previous studies and used bioacoustic analyses and discriminant function analyses to determine whether there is a consistent dominance-related acoustic cue across both, or in each of these populations. Consistent with the previous findings, the current results indicate that relative amplitude differs based on dominance status in the songs from British Columbia; however, our results failed to reach significance with songs from Ontario. These results suggest that acoustic cues that signal a male’s dominance in this species vary with geographic location. Furthermore, examining songs from these two locations and one additional location in northern British Columbia, we found that discriminant function analyses could correctly classify songs based on geographic location. Considering the broad extent of the species’ range, black-capped chickadee song is considered relatively invariant; however, our results suggest that there is geographic variation in songs, although the differences are subtle compared to geographic song variation in other species.

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