Sensation Seeking among High and Low-Risk Male Athletes

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Straub
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Many problems are associated with the measurement of athletes in contemporary sport psychology. There is, for example, a dearth of valid and reliable tests to assess the many and diverse behaviors of players. The purpose of this investigation was to attempt to validate Zuckerman's sensation seeking scale (SSS V) using high- and low-risk sport participants. The SSS (Form V) was administered to male hang gliders (n = 33), automobile racers (n = 22), and intercollegiate bowlers (n = 25). It was hypothesized that the high-risk athletes (hang gliders and auto racers) would score significantly higher (.05 level) than the low-risk sport participants (bowlers) in total sensation seeking score and on the four subscales of Zuckerman's test. Stepwise multiple discriminant function analyses found that except for thrill and adventure seeking and disinhibition subscales, the above hypotheses were tenable. Thus, it was concluded that support exists for Zuckerman's SSS (Form V) as a measure of sensation seeking among male athletes.

Sensation Seeking and Participation in Sporting Activities

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy L. Rowland ◽  
Robert E. Franken ◽  
Kimberley Harrison
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Over Time

A life-span inventory of sports participation and Zuckerman's (1979) Sensation Seeking Scale, Form V, were administered to 97 male and 104 female undergraduate students. The results indicated that, over time, high sensation seekers tend to become involved in more sports than do low sensation seekers, but low sensation seekers tend to remain involved with each sport for longer periods of time than do high sensation seekers. Gender and sensation seeking were found to interact in the choice of sporting activities. Low but generally positive correlations were observed between sensation seeking and participation in risky sports. These data suggest that both the need for new experiences and an attraction to high risk characterize the high sensation seeker 's participation in sporting activities.

“Behavioral Earthquakes:” Low Frequency, Salient Behavioral Events that Differentiate Students At-Risk for Behavioral Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Gresham ◽  
Donald L. Macmillan ◽  
Kathy Bocian
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Status ◽  
School History

Children considered to be at high risk (n = 30), moderate risk (n = 55), and low risk (n = 30) for behavioral disorders were contrasted on cognitive/achievement, social competence, externalizing behavior, and school history variables. Risk status was based on a 33-item checklist known as the Critical Events Index (Walker & Severson, 1990) that is a measure of behavioral pinpoints having high salience and intensity, but relatively low frequency. Multivariate and univariate analyses showed that the three at-risk groups were differentiated primarily on social competence and externalizing behavior measures. Cross-validated stepwise discriminant function analyses contrasting the High Risk and the Low Risk groups using combinations of social competence, externalizing, internalizing, and school history variables correctly identified over 85% of the High Risk group and over 78% of the Low Risk group. Discriminant function analysis based soley on externalizing behaviors created an unacceptable false negative rate for risk status. Findings are discussed within the context of teacher judgments, critical behavioral events as being “vital signs” of childhood psychopathology, and the need for multimethod assessments of critical events.

Psychological Characteristics of Successful and Nonsuccessful Elite Wrestlers: An Exploratory Study

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela S. Highlen ◽  
Bonnie B. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Elite wrestlers (N = 39) were given a standardized questionnaire during final competition for positions on three Canadian World Wrestling teams. The questionnaire specifically focused upon psychological factors affecting both their training and competition. For data analysis, questionnaire items were combined into 17 factors. Both t-tests and simple discriminant function analyses for qualifier/nonqualifier competitive status revealed that self-confidence was the most important factor distinguishing the two groups. For the discriminant function analysis, Imagery and Factors Affecting Performance were the only factors which did not contribute to group differences. Explanations and implications of these results for sport psychology are discussed.

scholarly journals Sensation Seeking as one of the Motivating Factors for Performing Skydiving

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bołdak ◽  
Monika Guszkowska
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Primary Selection ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Introduction. For some time, the issue of participating in high-risk sports, including skydiving, has been linked to the trait of sensation seeking, but skydivers do not constitute a homogeneous group in terms of this factor. The aim of the study was to determine the role of the need for sensation in performing skydiving and to examine whether the importance of this factor differs depending on gender. Material and methods. The study included a total of 143 skydivers (98 men and 45 women) aged from 17 to 49 years with different levels of expertise in skydiving. In total, 73 respondents were categorised as novices, and 70 were considered experts. Novice skydivers were defined as having completed no more than 10 jumps in their lives. Expert skydivers were persons who had made at least 100 jumps in their lives and had a licence to perform skydiving independently, without instructor supervision. The need for stimulation was measured using the Sensation Seeking Scale IV by Zuckerman, in its Polish version by Oleszkiewicz-Zsurzs. Results. Since a high proportion of individuals with a strong need for sensation was found among both men and women, it can be concluded that it is an important factor in primary selection in skydiving (when the sport is undertaken), regardless of gender. Conclusions. The significance of sensation seeking as a factor in secondary selection in skydiving (when the sport is being performed) differs depending on the particular dimension of sensation seeking and gender. Susceptibility to boredom is probably a significant factor in secondary selection in women.

scholarly journals Wide Spectrum Analysis of HPV Genotypes in External Anogenital Warts among Hungarian Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Rideg ◽  
Angéla Oszter ◽  
Evelin Makk ◽  
Endre Kálmán ◽  
Tamás Tornóczky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
The Many

Abstract Background: External anogenital warts (EGW) are primarily associated with the low-risk Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype 6 and 11, though coinfection with other low-risk and oncogenic high-risk HPV genotypes also occurs. Though the many studies about HPV-associated disease, the epidemiology, and the prevalence of HPV genotypes associated with EGW are not well characterized. The objective of our study was to determine the incidence of HPV genotypes in a Hungarian cohort diagnosed with EGW.Methods: A total number of 94 patients’ archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks were enrolled in our retrospective study. HPV genotypes were determined, applying HPV Direct Flow Chip Test.Results: The overall prevalence of HPV DNA in EGW cases was 100%. 72.34% of the cases were mono while 27.65% were multi infections. Cumulative prevalence of HPV 6 and 11 was 98.93%; while a total of 19.4% of the cases occurred with at least one high-risk genotype. The most frequent HPV genotypes were HPV 6 (86.17%), 11 (12.76%), 42 (6.38%) followed by HPV 40, 56, 59, 66, 73 (3.19%).Conclusion: Data of our study could provide invaluable information concerning the relative frequencies of HPV types in the Hungarian population, enabling improved assessment of the actual and future efficacy of vaccination programs and forecast changes in infection patterns.

Construct Validity of Sensation Seeking: A Psychometric Investigation

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Beauducel ◽  
Burkhard Brocke ◽  
Alexander Strobel ◽  
Anja Strobel
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
German Version ◽  
Trait Theory ◽  
Multilevel Theory ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Psychometric Investigation

Abstract: Zuckerman postulated a biopsychological multilevel theory of Sensation Seeking, which is part of a more complex multi-trait theory, the Alternative Five. The Sensation Seeking Scale Form V (SSS V) was developed for the measurement of Sensation Seeking. The process of validation of Sensation Seeking as part of a multilevel theory includes analyses of relations within and between several levels of measurement. The present study investigates validity and basic psychometric properties of a German version of the SSS V in a broader context of psychometric traits. - The 120 participants were mainly students. They completed the SSS V, the Venturesomeness- and Impulsiveness-Scales of the IVE, the BIS/BAS-Scales, the ZKPQ and the NEO-FFI. - The results reveal acceptable psychometric properties for the SSS V but with limitations with regard to factor structure. Indications for criterion validity were obtained by prediction of substance use by the subscales Dis and BS. The results of a MTMM analysis, especially the convergent validities of the SSS V were quite satisfying. On the whole, the results yielded sufficient support for the validity of the Sensation Seeking construct or the instrument respectively. They also point to desirable modifications.

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: How Radical Lymphadenectomy Should be Performed?

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Schweizer ◽  
Seifert ◽  
Gemsenjäger
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Sentinel Nodes ◽  
Fand Sich ◽  
Radical Lymphadenectomy ◽  
N Status

Fragestellung: Die Bedeutung von Lymphknotenbefall bei papillärem Schilddrüsenkarzinom und die optimale Lymphknotenchirurgie werden kontrovers beurteilt. Methodik: Retrospektive Langzeitstudie eines Operateurs (n = 159), prospektive Dokumentation, Nachkontrolle 1-27 (x = 8) Jahre, Untersuchung mit Bezug auf Lymphknotenbefall. Resultate: Staging. Bei 42 Patienten wurde wegen makroskopischem Lymphknotenbefall (cN1) eine therapeutische Lymphadenektomie durchgeführt, mit pN1 Status bei 41 (98%) Patienten. Unter 117 Patienten ohne Anhalt für Lymphknotenbefall (cN0) fand sich okkulter Befall bei 5/29 (17%) Patienten mit elektiver (prophylaktischer) Lymphadenektomie, und bei 2/88 (2.3%) Patienten ohne Lymphadenektomie (metachroner Befall) (p < 0.005). Lymphknotenrezidive traten (1-5 Jahre nach kurativer Primärtherapie) bei 5/42 (12%) pN1 und bei 3/114 (2.6%) cN0, pN0 Tumoren auf (p = 0009). Das 20-Jahres-Überleben war bei TNM I + II (low risk) Patienten 100%, d.h. unabhängig vom N Status; pN1 vs. pN0, cN0 beeinflusste das Überleben ungünstig bei high risk (>= 45-jährige) Patienten (50% vs. 86%; p = 0.03). Diskussion: Der makroskopische intraoperative Lymphknotenbefund (cN) hat Bedeutung: - Befall ist meistens richtig positiv (pN1) und erfordert eine ausreichend radikale, d.h. systematische, kompartiment-orientierte Lymphadenektomie (Mikrodissektion) zur Verhütung von - kurablem oder gefährlichem - Rezidiv. - Okkulter Befall bei unauffälligen Lymphknoten führt selten zum klinischen Rezidiv und beeinflusst das Überleben nicht. Wir empfehlen eine weniger radikale (sampling), nur zentrale prophylaktische Lymphadenektomie, ohne Risiko von chirurgischer Morbidität. Ein empfindlicherer Nachweis von okkultem Befund (Immunhistochemie, Schnellschnitt von sampling Gewebe oder sentinel nodes) erscheint nicht rational. Bei pN0, cN0 Befund kommen Verzicht auf 131I Prophylaxe und eine weniger intensive Nachsorge in Frage.

The Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking (NISS)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Roth ◽  
Philipp Hammelstein
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
New Research ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Temperamental Trait ◽  
Nonclinical Study

Based on the conception of sensation seeking as a need rather than a temperamental trait ( Hammelstein, 2004 ), we present a new assessment method, the Need Inventory of Sensation Seeking (NISS), which is considered to assess a motivational disposition. Three studies are presented: The first examined the factorial structure and the reliability of the German versions of the NISS; the second study compared the German and the English versions of the NISS; and finally, the validity of the NISS was examined in a nonclinical study and compared to the validity of conventional methods of assessing sensation seeking (Sensation Seeking Scale – Form V; SSS-V). Compared to the SSS-V, the NISS shows better reliability and validity in addition to providing new research possibilities including application in experimental areas.

Why do people engage in high-risk sports? Beyond sensation seeking

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Woodman ◽  
Lew Hardy ◽  
Tim Woodman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking
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