Proteomic determinants of uterine receptivity for pregnancy in early and mid-postpartum dairy cows†

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Aranciaga ◽  
James D Morton ◽  
Evelyne Maes ◽  
Jessica L Gathercole ◽  
Debra K Berg
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Trafficking ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Uterine Receptivity ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Molecular Determinants

Abstract Dairy cow subfertility is a worldwide issue arising from multiple factors. It manifests in >30% early pregnancy losses in seasonal pasture-grazed herds, especially when cows are inseminated in the early post-partum period. Most losses occur before implantation, when embryo growth depends on factors present in maternal tract fluids. Here we examined the proteomic composition of early and mid-postpartum uterine luminal fluid in crossbred lactating dairy cows to identify molecular determinants of fertility. We also explored changes in uterine luminal fluid from first to third estrus cycles postpartum in individual cows, linking those changes with divergent embryo development. For this, we flushed uteri of 87 cows at day 7 of pregnancy at first and third estrus postpartum, recovering and grading their embryos. Out of 1563 proteins detected, 472 had not been previously reported in this fluid, and 408 were predicted to be actively secreted by bioinformatic analysis. The abundance of 18 proteins with roles in immune regulation and metabolic function (e.g. cystatin B, pyruvate kinase M2) was associated with contrasting embryo quality. Matched-paired pathway analysis indicated that, from first to third estrus postpartum, upregulation of metabolic (e.g. creatine and carbohydrate) and immune (e.g. complement regulation, antiviral defense) processes were related to poorer quality embryos in the third estrus cycle postpartum. Conversely, upregulated signal transduction and protein trafficking appeared related to improved embryo quality in third estrus. These results advance the characterization of the molecular environment of bovine uterine luminal fluid and may aid understanding fertility issues in other mammals, including humans.

scholarly journals Reduced progesterone concentration during growth of the first follicular wave affects embryo quality but has no effect on embryo survival post transfer in lactating dairy cows

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando A Rivera ◽  
Luís G D Mendonça ◽  
Gláucio Lopes ◽  
José E P Santos ◽  
Rolando V Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Donor Cows

Fertility of lactating dairy cows is associated with reduced progesterone (P4) concentration compared with nonlactating animals. The objective of the current study was to determine whether P4 during growth of the first follicular wave (FFW) affects embryo quality. Lactating Holstein cows at 33±3 days post partum were allocated to one of three treatments. Cows in the FFW and FFW with P4 (FFWP) treatments started the superstimulation protocol on day 1 of the estrous cycle and second follicular wave (SFW) cows started the superstimulation protocol on estrous cycle day 7. Cows were superstimulated with 400 mg of NIH-FSH-P1 (FSH) given twice daily for 5 days, two prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) injections given with the ninth and tenth injections of FSH, GNRH given 48 h after the first PGF2α injection, and timed insemination 12 and 24 h after the GNRH injection. Cows in the FFWP treatment received two intravaginal P4 inserts during the superstimulation. Embryos were recovered 6.5 days after artificial insemination and excellent/good and fair embryos were frozen and transferred. Blood was sampled daily from estrous cycle day 0 until insemination from donor cows. During the superstimulation protocol, P4 was (P<0.01) greatest for SFW cows followed by FFWP and FFW cows respectively. The percentage of embryos–oocytes from SFW and FFWP cows classified as excellent/good and fair embryos was (P=0.02) greater than those of FFW cows. Pregnancy per embryo transfer was not (P≥0.73) affected by embryo donor treatment. Reduced embryo quality of cows induced to ovulate the follicles from the first follicular wave is a consequence of reduced P4 during follicle growth.

Respiratory burst activity of blood and milk neutrophils in dairy cows during different stages of lactation

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
JALIL MEHRZAD ◽  
HILDE DOSOGNE ◽  
EVELYNE MEYER ◽  
ROGER HEYNEMAN ◽  
CHRISTIAN BURVENICH
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Burst Activity ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Respiratory Burst Activity ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

The non-stimulated and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated luminol-augmented cellular chemiluminescence (CL) response and viability of milk and blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were determined in lactating dairy cows during different stages of lactation. In the first study, ten healthy cows each in early, mid and late lactation were compared. In a second study, the same measurements as in the first study were evaluated longitudinally in 12 cows during 1 month following parturition. The CL activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) content of milk PMN and macrophages (M) were also compared. Milk M did not possess MPO activity and were devoid of any luminol-enhanced CL. The CL activity of milk and blood PMN was significantly lower in early lactation than in mid and late lactation (P < 0·001). Whereas little changes were observed in viability of blood PMN, the viability of milk PMN was lower in early lactation than in mid and late lactation (P < 0·001). The percentage of PMN in isolated milk cells was also lower during early lactation than during mid and late lactation (P < 0·001). The CL activity in response to PMA during early, mid and late lactation increased 13, 59 and 42-fold in blood PMN and 1·7, 2·6 and 2·4-fold in milk PMN, respectively, in comparison with non-stimulated PMN. The CL activity, both in milk and blood PMN, the milk PMN viability and the percentage of milk PMN were lowest between 3 d and 11 d post partum. These observed changes immediately after calving could contribute to a higher susceptibility to mastitis in that period.

scholarly journals Oocyte quality in lactating dairy cows fed on high levels of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A Fouladi-Nashta ◽  
Karen E Wonnacott ◽  
Carlos G Gutierrez ◽  
Jin G Gong ◽  
Kevin D Sinclair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Different fatty acid (FA) sources are known to influence reproductive hormones in cattle, yet there is little information on how dietary FAs affect oocyte quality. Effects of three dietary sources of FAs (supplying predominantly palmitic and oleic, linoleic (n-6) or linolenic (n-3) acids) on developmental potential of oocytes were studied in lactating dairy cows. A total of 12 Holstein cows received three diets containing rumen inert fat (RIF), soyabean or linseed as the main FA source for three periods of 25 days in a Latin-square design. Within each period, oocytes were collected in four ovum pick-up sessions at 3–4 day intervals. FA profiles in plasma and milk reflected profiles of dietary FA sources, but major FAs in granulosa cells were not affected. Dietary FA source did not affect plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin, IGF1, GH, or amino acids. RIF led to a higher proportion of cleaved embryos than soya or linseed, but blastocyst yield and embryo quality were not affected. It is concluded that the ovary buffers oocytes against the effects of fluctuations in plasma n-3 and n-6 FAs, resulting in only modest effects on their developmental potential.

A note on the estimation of the body fat, protein and energy content of lactating Holstein-Friesian cows by measurement of condition score and live weight

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gibb ◽  
W. E. Ivings
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Subjective Condition ◽  
Friesian Cows

The relationships between body composition, live weight (LW) and subjective condition score (CS) were examined in an experiment in which 54, second to fourth parity, lactating autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were slaughtered at 0, 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 19, 24 and 29 weeks post partum. Multiple regression analyses showed the weight of fat and the quantity of energy within the body were significantly correlated with both LW and CS. The weight of crude protein showed a linear correlation with LW. These results are discussed and compared with previously published investigations with non-lactating dairy cows.

scholarly journals Period of dominance of the ovulatory follicle influences embryo quality in lactating dairy cows

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo L A Cerri ◽  
Heloísa M Rutigliano ◽  
Ricardo C Chebel ◽  
José E P Santos
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination

Length of dominance of the ovulatory follicle and exposure to oestradiol (OE2) during proestrus can affect fertility. Lactating cows had their oestrous cycle pre-synchronized and were subjected to one of the four synchronization treatments. Cows in the oestrus detection (OD) treatment received GnRH on day 6 of the oestrous cycle, PGF2α7 days later, and were inseminated at detected oestrus. The remaining cows were subjected to the Ovsynch (OVS) protocol (day 0 GnRH, day 7 PGF2α, day 9 GnRH, and timed artificial insemination (AI) 12 h later) starting on day 3 (OVS3) or day 6 (OVS6 and OVS6E) of the oestrous cycle. Cows in the OVS6E treatment received an injection of 0.5 mg oestradiol cypionate 36 h before AI. Ovaries were examined by ultrasonography and blood was sampled for progesterone and OE2concentrations. Uteri were flushed 6 days after AI and recovered embryos–oocytes evaluated. Diameter of the ovulatory follicle at AI differed (P<0.01) among treatments, and it was the largest for OVS3 cows, which also had extended (P<0.01) length of follicular dominance. During proestrus, OD and OVS6E cows had increased (P<0.01) OE2concentrations. Fertilization was not altered by treatments, and maximum fertilization was achieved when the number of accessory spermatozoa was >7. Proportions of viable embryos in relation to embryos and embryos–oocytes recovered were smaller for OVS3 cows (P<0.01) than the other treatments, and embryos from OVS3 cows also had fewer (P<0.01) blastomeres and tended (P=0.09) to have a lower proportion of live blastomeres. Extending the period of follicle dominance did not alter fertilization but reduced (P<0.001) embryo quality. Embryo quality was compromised even when the dominance of the ovulatory follicle was extended by only 1.5 days.

scholarly journals Effects of lipid-encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on milk production, bioenergetic status and indicators of reproductive performance in lactating dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hutchinson ◽  
Michael J de Veth ◽  
Catherine Stanton ◽  
Richard J Dewhurst ◽  
Pat Lonergan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Igf I

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces mammary milk fat synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Our objective was to determine the effects of lipid-encapsulated CLA (LE-CLA) supplementation on milk production, reproductive performance and metabolic responses in lactating dairy cows fed a grass silage-based diet. Seventy-two Holstein-Friesian cows (32 primiparous and 40 multiparous) were used in a completely randomized block design. Cows received either 80 g of LE-CLA daily or 60 g of calcium salts of palm fatty acids daily (control) from parturition until 60 days in milk. LE-CLA contained a 50:50 mix of cis-9,trans-11 CLA and trans-10,cis-12 CLA, resulting in a daily intake of 6 g of each isomer. Milk production and dry matter intake were recorded daily, and blood samples were collected 3-times a week. Blood samples were analysed for circulating concentrations of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Progesterone was measured in blood samples collected after the first post-partum insemination. Ovarian ultrasound examinations commenced at 8–10 d post partum and were carried out 3-times a week until first ovulation. LE-CLA treatment resulted in decreased milk fat concentration, with consequent improvements in energy balance and body condition score (BCS). The peak concentration of NEFA in blood was reduced by LE-CLA, but circulating concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-I, BHBA and progesterone were not affected. There was no effect of LE-CLA supplementation on the post-partum interval to first ovulation. Services per conception tended to be reduced. The reduction in milk energy output and improvement in energy status and BCS in LE-CLA-supplemented cows provides a strong rationale for further studies with greater cow numbers to test effects on reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Short communication: Characterization of early postpartum estrous behavior and ovulation in lactating dairy cows using radiotelemetry

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 5085-5088 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Johnson ◽  
M.W. Ayers ◽  
A. Ahmadzadeh ◽  
B. Shafii ◽  
S. Etter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Estrous Behavior
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