Computer electroacupuncture: rationale for the use in the treatment of painful form of irritable bowel syndrome

In a prospective clinical trial, we have compared the effectiveness of the computerized electroacupuncture (CEAP) added to thestandard pharmacological therapy of the patients with painful form of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)in the main group against its isolated pharmacological therapy in the control group. The study involved 80 volunteerswhich were previously randomly divided to the 2 equal groups due to the type of treatment. Patients in the main group received three courses of CEAP. Each CEAP course contained the five everyday sessions, the interruption period between courses was one month. The inclusion of CEAP to the complex therapy of the painful IBS was accompanied with decreasingof the pain severity to 42%, byVisual Pain Scale. The patients' subjective condition indicators were significantly improved: the levels of depression (according to the Zung test), actual and personal anxiety (according to the Spiberger-Khanin questionnaire) were decreased, the parameters assessed using the SAN questionnaire were increased. Key words: acupuncture, computer electroacupuncture, irritable bowel syndrome, pain treatment, reflexology.

Approach for Predicting Cracking Deterioration in Sprayed Seals from Subjective Condition Ratings

Cracking is the most influential distress on the performance of bituminous surfaces of granular pavements and ultimately that of underlying layers. The purpose of the study reported here is to describe the modeling approach adopted in developing cracking deterioration models of bituminous sprayed seals from historical time series subjective condition ratings. In this approach, a multilevel analysis has been applied to capture the variations between observations, segments, and highways. Further, it involved considering all possible contributing factors that affect cracking deterioration of in-service sprayed seals. Factors considered here include surface age, temperature, traffic volume, rainfall, shoulder seal width, and subgrade soil reactivity. The modeling approach has been applied to condition data from five rural highway networks separately then collectively. In the latter, only significant contributing factors from the individual networks’ models are considered. These networks have spray sealed granular pavements with different operating and environmental conditions. Predictions of the overall model have been compared with the currently used model. The latter has been developed for the same networks from two years of subjective condition data, using Markov chains (MC) and surface age as the only predictor. The overall model developed here using multilevel analysis and incorporating the significantly contributing factors predicts earlier deterioration than the MC model currently used. The latter predicts 70% of segments to be in good condition at the age of 5 years, whereas the first predicts only 49%.

CORTICAL INTEGRATIVE THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS IN THE TREATMENT OF VERTIGO/BALANCE ISSUES

Primary care physicians see a very high incidence of vertigo, dizziness, and balance issues resultant from a broad spectrum of etiologies from vestibular dysfunction, brain injury, neck trauma, metabolic diseases to autonomic dysfunction and psychological conditions. Because dizziness is by definition a subjective condition, self-report questionnaires such as the Dizziness Handicap Index (DHI) are commonly utilized in assessing the impact of vestibular dysfunction in patients. However, objective metrics like Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) can be useful tools for the assessment of dizziness and the validation of diagnoses and treatment effectiveness. In this retrospective study of 50 patients charts, the effectiveness of Cortical Integrative Therapy (PedroCIT®) was evaluated using the DHI and CDP. In particular, the therapy outcome was investigated to determine if it was affected by a vertigo diagnosis, a vertigo comorbidity or by the simple presence of vertigo symptoms. The result of this investigation showed that PedroCIT® is indeed an effective treatment method for vertigo and dizziness: subjects demonstrated and reported improvement in their clinical outcomes, and both CDP and DHI metric in general reflected the significant improvement the subject experienced. For those subjects that still were in the worse categories according to the CDP and DHI metrics, the effect of treatment were potentially influenced by uncontrolled variables such as a change in medications, mental status, or concomitant worsening in the subject's comorbidities, amongst other unknown variables contributing to individual unsatisfying outcomes. Further studies involving larger number of subjects are needed to address these issues.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Penerima Lisensi Paten dalam Alih Teknologi

License is a contract between the licensor (Licencor) with the licensee (License) in which the licensor with a payment and in certain circumstances gives permission to the licensee to use an intellectual property rights (intellectual property rights). Regarding the types of licenses according Lee and Davidson, differentiate into 2 (two) types of licenses, namely Exclusive and Non Exclusive licenses. Patent license agreements are basically subject to and refer to the provisions of the agreement adopted by the Indonesian State in the Indonesian Civil Code. In this day and age the licenses as outlined in the agreement have the form of standard agreements or standard contracts, in a licensing agreement because it uses a standard contract, it has the potential to cause an imbalance of the parties because some licensing agreements (Lisensor) use clauses that can harm the licensee (License). Refressive legal protection is used, if a license agreement with a standard contract or standard contract used by the licensor of the patent (Licencor) to the recipient of a patent license (License), if it violates a subjective condition in making a patent license agreement then it will cause legal consequences can be canceled (Vernietigbaarheid) whereas if it violates an objective condition it will have legal consequences null and void (Neitigbaarheid).

Oral Doxycycline Compared to Intravenous Ceftriaxone in the Treatment of Lyme Neuroborreliosis: A Multicenter, Equivalence, Randomized, Open-label Trial

Background Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is often treated with intravenous ceftriaxone even if doxycycline is suggested to be noninferior to ceftriaxone. We evaluated the efficacy of oral doxycycline in comparison to ceftriaxone in the treatment of LNB. Methods Patients with neurological symptoms suggestive of LNB without other obvious reasons were recruited. The inclusion criteria were (1) production of Borrelia burgdorferi–specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum; (2) B. burgdorferi DNA in the CSF; or (3) an erythema migrans during the past 3 months. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either oral doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 4 weeks, or intravenous ceftriaxone 2 g daily for 3 weeks. The participants described their subjective condition with a visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 (0 = normal; 10 = worst) before the treatment, and 4 and 12 months after the treatment. The primary outcome was the change in the VAS score at 12 months. Results Between 14 September 2012 and 28 December 2017, 210 adults with suspected LNB were assigned to receive doxycycline (n = 104) or ceftriaxone (n = 106). The per-protocol analysis comprised 82 patients with doxycycline and 84 patients with ceftriaxone. The mean change in the VAS score was −3.9 in the doxycycline group and −3.8 in the ceftriaxone group (mean difference, 0.17 [95% confidence interval, −.59 to .92], which is within the prespecified equivalence margins of −1 to 1 units). Participants in both groups improved equally. Conclusions Oral doxycycline is equally effective as intravenous ceftriaxone in the treatment of LNB. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01635530.

The Welfare Level of Fish Processor Household: Objectivity and Subjectivity Indicators (A Case in Pringsewu Regency, Lampung Province)

Majority fish processing business in Indonesia is carried out by households of a micro-small scale using traditional methods. This research is aimed to measure the level of wellbeing of the fish processing household using objective and subjective indicators. The research approach is carried out with a census in selected locations using questionnaires as a means of data collection. Indicator of wellbeing from the Statistics Bureau (BPS) is used to measue the level of objective wellbeing, while subjective wellbeing is measured from the fish processors’ own perspective concerning their satisfaction on their living condition. The number of research samples was 75 fish processors in two districts namely Pagelaran District and Pringsewu District, in Pringsewu Regency, one of fish processing centers in Lampung Province. Data were collected from March to April 2018. Then the data were analyzed descriptively using Excell and Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) ver 24. The results showed that the level of wellbeing of the fish processing households was high, when it was measured using an objective indicator. However, when the objective indicator was asked subjectively to a respondent, it showed a low level, such as satisfaction on the house condition, finance, and asset ownership. Although the economic aspect showed unsatisfactory, the social living condition and psychological mental of the fish processors showed satisfactory. This shows that wellbeing condition cannot be measured only by economic objective aspects, but also by subjective condition of the community, including social and mental condition.

13 Art. 12 GG: Occupational Freedom

This chapter discusses freedom of occupation, a fundamental right guaranteed by Art. 12 of the Grundgesetz (GG). It first examines the Federal Constitutional Court's jurisprudence regarding the scope of protection for occupational freedom, focussing on cases that emphasise the importance of occupational freedom to the human personality, consequences of the personal interpretation of occupational freedom, and restrictions on the guarantees afforded by the scope of protection. It then considers the reservation of authority to regulate the practice of an occupation, with emphasis on the three-step theory of regulatory authority. It also analyses the issue of interference with the right to choose an occupation, along with the definition of occupations. It concludes by giving examples of the step theory in operation, one for an objective condition on entry and another for a subjective condition on entry.

Für eine Onto-Ästhetik des Autismus

The present paper analyses synesthesia in autism (ASD) and neurotypical experience. The way synesthesia has been interpreted within the history of phenomenology and psychopathology should prepare a philosophical access to autism and its subjective condition. The paper draws on the basic assumption that synesthesia reveals the presence of sensible networks and crossmodal connections beneath the framework of objective reality. Synesthesia, it is argued, confronts us with a specific dimension of the world beneath the essential structures of a material apriori, as it is elaborated within husserlian phenomenology. Experience in autism has close connections with such an alternative ontological setting. Asa matter of fact, autistic self-advocates often describe moments of a deep immersion into sensible experience, in which different sensorial events come to ‘resonate’ with one another. Resonance is thus interpreted as a fundamental ontological connector within an experiential framework that is not subjected to abstract concepts and causal thinking

On Arbormosis: Becoming-Cyborg, Machinic Subjection, and the Ethico-Aesthetic of User-Friendly Design

This paper suggests that the imbrication of user-friendly software and the posthuman has increasingly been revealed as an intrinsically arborescent relationship, one premised upon the striation of personal information through different forms of software media and allowing for unprecedented avenues of control and subjective manipulation. My analysis begins with a conceptualisation of user-friendliness, tracing its development as the majoritarian style of software design. In assessing the effects of this process of subjective imbrication with arborescent software technology, it is suggested that one effect of the pathological asignification of instrumentality in the representation of software is the genesis of a topological space which allows for a capacity for control over the subjective becoming of others through control over digitally mediated perception. To illustrate this point, the revelations concerning Cambridge Analytica's use of targeted advertisements on Facebook to affect voting preferences during the 2016 American presidential election are examined as an example of the quotidian domination which is characteristic of the subjective condition of arbormosis. This analysis can be applied to issues of gender, technology, and modes of subjective control.

Dyspnoea

Dyspnoea is defined as the sense that breathing has become unpleasant. It is therefore, by definition, a subjective phenomenon. It also means that many different factors can contribute to dyspnoea. The principles that underlie the management of dyspnoea are the same as those underlying the management of any other symptom, namely, holistic, rational, and balancing burden and benefit. This chapter considers the pathophysiology of dyspnoea, alongside possible interventions and management. There is also a section on decision-making, focusing on the nature of engagement with the family in a subjective condition.