scholarly journals P30: PYY HORMONE UPREGULATES PROXIMAL GLP-1 RELEASE AFTER ROUX EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Prada-Oliveira ◽  
A Camacho-Ramirez ◽  
D Almorza-Gomar ◽  
A Ribelles-Garcia ◽  
MA Carrasco-Molinillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Mixed Meal ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Proximal Small Intestine ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Gip Release

Abstract Introduction Nowadays Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has provided a powerful treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless how anatomical arrangements after RYGB influeces entero-hormonal response and the role of Peptide Tyrosine Tyrosine (PYY) in the restoration of normoglycaemia are still not clear. MATERIAL AND Method We demonstrate that PYY plasma levels showed a remarkable peak, around thirty minutes earlier than GLP-1 or GIP, after mixed-meal administration in non obese Goto – Kakizaki RYGB-operated rats . Also, we found that PYY (3-36) infusion led to increased GLP-1 and GIP plasma levels close to those obtained after a meal. Result Histologically the number of GLP-1 positive cells number appeared to increase in the three segments of the small intestine:duodenum jejunum and ileum in GK RYGB-operated rats beyond early presence of nutrient stimulation in the ileum. But nevertheless, PYY positive cell numbers appeared to increased only in the ileum. Conclusion Taking together this findings suggest an earlier central role for PYY in gut hormone regulation after RYGB in our model, contributing to GLP-1 and GIP release and support the existence of enteroendocrine communication routes between the distal and proximal small intestine. Take-home message Enterohormones release changes after bariatric surgery due to the consequences in nutrients flow. The GLP-1 release is increased and we report its related to the PYY regulation.

scholarly journals The Leading Role of Peptide Tyrosine Tyrosine in Glycemic Control After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonso Camacho-Ramírez ◽  
J. Arturo Prada-Oliveira ◽  
Antonio Ribelles-García ◽  
David Almorza-Gomar ◽  
Gonzalo M. Pérez-Arana
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Proximal Small Intestine ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Gip Release

Abstract Aims Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most effective surgical therapies for the rapid resolution of type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying the entero-hormonal response after surgery and the role of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in the restoration of normoglycemia are still not clear. Methods We reproduced the RYGB technique in Wistar and Goto–Kakizaki rats and performed serum hormonal, histological, and hormonal-infusion test. Results Using the diabetic Goto–Kakizaki (GK) rat model, we demonstrated that PYY plasma levels showed a remarkable peak approximately 30 min earlier than GLP-1 or GIP after mixed-meal administration in RYGB-operated rats with PYY. The GLP-1 and GIP areas under the curve (AUCs) increased after RYGB in GK rats. Additionally, the findings suggested that PYY (3-36) infusion led to increased GLP-1 and GIP plasma levels close to those obtained after a meal. Finally, the number of GLP-1-positive cells appeared to increase in the three segments of the small intestine in GK-RYGB-operated rats beyond the early presence of nutrient stimulation in the ileum. Nevertheless, PYY-positive cell numbers appeared to increase only in the ileum. Conclusion At least in rats, these data demonstrate an earlier essential role for PYY in gut hormone regulation after RYGB. We understand that PYY contributes to GLP-1 and GIP release and there must be the existence of enteroendocrine communication routes between the distal and proximal small intestine.

scholarly journals Role of Gut-Related Peptides and Other Hormones in the Amelioration of Type 2 Diabetes after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirella P. Hage ◽  
Bassem Safadi ◽  
Ibrahim Salti ◽  
Mona Nasrallah
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Gut Peptides

Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective and durable therapy for obesity. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, the most commonly performed procedure worldwide, causes substantial weight loss and improvement in several comorbidities associated with obesity, especially type 2 diabetes. Several mechanisms are proposed to explain the improvement in glucose metabolism after RYGB surgery: the caloric restriction and weight loss per se, the improvement in insulin resistance and beta cell function, and finally the alterations in the various gastrointestinal hormones and adipokines that have been shown to play an important role in glucose homeostasis. However, the timing, exact changes of these hormones, and the relative importance of these changes in the metabolic improvement postbariatric surgery remain to be further clarified. This paper reviews the various changes post-RYGB in adipokines and gut peptides in subjects with T2D.

scholarly journals Increased Expression of Meteorin-Like Hormone in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity and Its Association with Irisin

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
AlKhairi ◽  
Cherian ◽  
Abu-Farha ◽  
Madhoun ◽  
Nizam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing pandemic associated with metabolic dysregulation and chronic inflammation. Meteorin-like hormone (METRNL) is an adipomyokine that is linked to T2D. Our objective was to evaluate the changes in METRNL levels in T2D and obesity and assess the association of METRNL levels with irisin. Overall, 228 Arab individuals were enrolled. Plasma levels of METRNL and irisin were assessed using immunoassay. Plasma levels of METRNL and irisin were significantly higher in T2D patients than in non-diabetic patients (p < 0.05). When the population was stratified based on obesity, METRNL and irisin levels were significantly higher in obese than in non-obese individuals (p < 0.05). We found a significant positive correlation between METRNL and irisin (r = 0.233 and p = 0.001). Additionally, METRNL and irisin showed significant correlation with various metabolic biomarkers associated with T2D and Obesity. Our data shows elevated METRNL plasma levels in individuals with T2D, further exacerbated with obesity. Additionally, a strong positive association was observed between METRNL and irisin. Further studies are necessary to examine the role of these proteins in T2D and obesity, against their ethnic background and to understand the mechanistic significance of their possible interplay.

The role of obestatin in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in the obese, type 2 diabetes Zucker rat

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianhui Xu ◽  
Jianli Wang ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Chunbin Wang ◽  
Weihua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Zucker Rat

scholarly journals Elevated RBP4 plasma levels were associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Ying Li ◽  
Xian-Xian Chen ◽  
Xiao-Hua Lu ◽  
Chuang-Biao Zhang ◽  
Qi-Ping Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Adjusted Risk

The retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been postulated to play a role in glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus in human and animal studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of RBP4 in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR). Plasma RBP4 concentrations were tested in 287 patients with type 2 diabetes. At baseline, demographic and clinical information including presence of DR and vision-threatening DR (VTDR) was collected. The relationship between RBP4 and DR (VTDR) was investigated using logistic regression. Patients with DR or VTDR had significantly higher plasma levels of RBP4 on admission (P<0.0001). Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) to predict DR and VDTR demonstrated areas under the curve for RBP4 of 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73–0.85) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85–0.94), respectively, which were superior to other factors. For each 1 μg/ml increase in plasma level of RBP4, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of DR would be increased by 8% (with the odds ratio (OR) of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.05–1.13), P<0.001) and 5% (1.05 (1.02–1.11), P=0.001), respectively. It was 12% (with the OR of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.07–1.18), P<0.001) and 9% (1.09 (1.05–1.15), P<0.001) for VTDR. The present study shows that elevated plasma levels of RBP4 were associated with DR and VDTR in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting a possible role of RBP4 in the pathogenesis of DR complications. Lowering RBP4 could be a new strategy for treating type 2 diabetes with DR.

scholarly journals The role of enteric hormone GLP-2 in the response of bone markers to a mixed meal in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S Girão Lopes ◽  
Rubens Prado Schwartz ◽  
Bruno Ferraz-de-Souza ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Rossi da Silva ◽  
Pedro Henrique Silveira Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Markers ◽  
Mixed Meal

scholarly journals Increased FGF21 plasma levels in humans with sepsis and SIRS

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Gariani ◽  
Geneviève Drifte ◽  
Irène Dunn-Siegrist ◽  
Jérôme Pugin ◽  
François R Jornayvaz
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a key regulator in glucose and lipid metabolism and its plasma levels have been shown to be increased not only in humans in different situations such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease but also in animal models of sepsis and pancreatitis. FGF21 is considered as a pharmacological candidate in conditions associated with insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare FGF21 plasma levels in patients with sepsis, in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and in healthy controls. We measured FGF21 plasma concentrations in 22 patients with established sepsis, in 11 with SIRS, and in 12 healthy volunteers. Here, we show that FGF21 levels were significantly higher in plasma obtained from patients with sepsis and SIRS in comparison with healthy controls. Also, FGF21 levels were significantly higher in patients with sepsis than in those with noninfectious SIRS. FGF21 plasma levels measured at study entry correlated positively with the APACHE II score, but not with procalcitonin levels, nor with C-reactive protein, classical markers of sepsis. Plasma concentrations of FGF21 peaked near the onset of shock and rapidly decreased with clinical improvement. Taken together, these results indicate that circulating levels of FGF21 are increased in patients presenting with sepsis and SIRS, and suggest a role for FGF21 in inflammation. Further studies are needed to explore the potential role of FGF21 in sepsis as a potential therapeutic target.

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