scholarly journals Calcium Intake Is Inversely Related to the Risk of Obesity Among American Young Adults over a 30-Year Follow-Up

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1445-1445
Author(s):  
Liping Lu ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Wenjing Tang ◽  
David Jacobs ◽  
James Shikany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
High Calcium Intake ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
American Young Adults

Abstract Objectives It has been suggested that high calcium intake may promote weight reduction and prevent obesity, but data from longitudinal studies investigating the potential long-term associations of calcium with weight maintenance are limited and the findings are inconsistent. Therefore, we prospectively examined dietary calcium and serum calcium concentrations in relation to the incidence of obesity in a cohort of American young adults. Methods This study includes 4097 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who were age 18–30 years at baseline in 1985–86. Participants were reexamined in 8 follow-ups over 30 years. Calcium intake from diet and supplements was estimated by the CARDIA diet history questionnaire at baseline and two re-exams (year 7 and 20). Serum calcium concentrations were measured at baseline. Incident obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between calcium levels (intake and serum concentrations) and the incidence of obesity. Results During 30 years of follow-up, a total of 1675 participants became obese. Both calcium intake and serum calcium concentrations were inversely associated with obesity incidence independent of sociodemographics, major lifestyle factors, medical history, dietary quality and clinical measurements (blood pressure, lipid profiles, and fasting insulin) [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of quintile 5 (highest) vs. quintile 1 (lowest) calcium intake from diet and supplements: 0.76 (0.62, 0.93), P for trend = 0.02; serum calcium: 0.83 (0.71, 0.97), P for trend = 0.04]. A similar inverse association was observed between the consumption of dairy products, a major food source of calcium, and obesity incidence. Conclusions Calcium intake and serum calcium concentration are longitudinally and inversely associated with incidence of obesity among American young adults. Funding Sources The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study is supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Northwestern University, University of Minnesota, and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute. This study is also partially supported by the NIH grants.

scholarly journals Life Course Change Towards a Plant-Centered Diet and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study (OR33-03-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Choi ◽  
David Jacobs ◽  
Kristin Hirahatake ◽  
Nicole Larson ◽  
Andrew Odegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Incident Type

Abstract Objectives There has been limited study of long-term change towards a plant-centered diet in relation to incident type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We examined this question in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort. Methods Analyses included 2717 participants in CARDIA, a US multicenter, community-based prospective cohort study, currently with 30 years of follow-up. Participants were free of diabetes through year 20, with follow-up for incident T2DM through year 30. Dietary intake at years 0 and 20 was assessed by interviewer-administered diet history; overall dietary quality was assessed using a hypothesis-driven index based on 46 food groups, the A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS). The APDQS has possible scores 0 to 132 and increasing score is largely led by consumption of nutritionally rich plant foods–fruits and vegetables and plant-derived fats (e.g., seeds, nut, vegetable oils) and proteins (e.g., avocado, legume, soy). Change in diet quality (year 20 – year 0) and its quintiles were calculated. Diagnosis of T2DM was based on self-reported use of antidiabetic medication treatment or lab tests (fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, or glycated hemoglobin). In proportional hazards regression, covariates included sociodemographics, baseline APDQS, and time-varying energy intake, smoking, and physical activity. Results Mean baseline age was 25.0 ± 3.6y, 43% were black, and 58% were women. During 10 years of follow-up after year 20, 206 cases of incident T2DM occurred. Mean year 0 APDQS was 64 ± 13 points and mean 20-year changes in APDQS was 7 ± 11. In multivariable-adjusted analysis, we found that the greatest increase in dietary quality over 20 years (median APDQS increased by 22 points) was associated with a 60% decrease in risk of T2DM as compared to a small decrease in diet quality (median APDQS decreased by 8 points); HRQ5 vs. Q1: 0.40; 95% CI:0.24–0.67). For every 10-point increase in APDQS over 20 years, there was a 23% decrease in risk of T2DM (95% CI: 0.67–0.88, P-trend = 0.0009). The pattern of findings persisted within below median and within above median year 0 APDQS. Conclusions Our finding suggests that young adults would benefit from improving diet quality by shifting toward a more plant-centered diet over time for the prevention of T2DM. Funding Sources This research was funded by an NHLBI contract and the University of Minnesota Healthy Food, Healthy Lives Institute. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Evaluation of calcium-fortified municipal water as a public health intervention to mitigate lead burdens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgon Rajaee ◽  
Ernest Dubovitskiy ◽  
Victoria C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Calcium Intake ◽  
Lead Absorption ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Lead Levels

Abstract Lead has adverse effects on health, society, and the economy. Lead exposure results in increased blood lead levels and storage in bones. Calcium and lead are competitively absorbed and as such calcium can be used to mitigate the body lead burden. Twenty-eight quantitative research studies were reviewed that examined lead exposure (in blood, bone, or breastmilk) and calcium intake or serum calcium to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fortifying potable water supplies with calcium to mitigate lead absorption or resorption. Eighteen of the studies reported a significant inverse relationship between biomarker lead levels and calcium intake or serum calcium. The relationship was most evident with high calcium intake, suggesting a dose-dependent relationship. An intervention with calcium-fortified water could offer an accessible source of supplemental calcium to help meet the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) and mitigate lead absorption. A concentration of 60 mg-Ca/L can supply 22.0 and 16.3% of a 1,000 mg-Ca RDA for men and women, respectively, at the recommended daily water intake.

scholarly journals Dietary Calcium Intake and Calcium Supplementation in Hungarian Patients with Osteoporosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gábor Speer ◽  
Pál Szamosujvári ◽  
Péter Dombai ◽  
Katalin Csóré ◽  
Kinga Mikófalvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
High Calcium Intake ◽  
Osteoporosis Therapy ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
High Calcium

Purpose. Adequate calcium intake is the basis of osteoporosis therapy—when this proves insufficient, even specific antiosteoporotic agents cannot exert their actions properly.Methods. Our representative survey analyzed the dietary intake and supplementation of calcium in 8033 Hungarian female and male (mean age: 68 years) (68.01 (CI95: 67.81–68.21)) patients with osteoporosis.Results. Mean intake from dietary sources was665±7.9 mg (68.01 (CI95: 67.81–68.21)) daily. A significant positive relationship could be detected between total dietary calcium intake and lumbar spine BMD (P=0.045), whereas such correlation could not be demonstrated with femoralT-score. Milk consumption positively correlated with femur (P=0.041), but not with lumbar BMD. The ingestion of one liter of milk daily increased theT-score by 0.133. Average intake from supplementation was558±6.2 mg (68.01 (CI95: 67.81–68.21)) daily. The cumulative dose of calcium—from both dietary intake and supplementation—was significantly associated with lumbar (r=0.024,P=0.049), but not with femur BMD (r=0.021,P=0.107). The currently recommended 1000–1500 mg total daily calcium intake was achieved in 34.5% of patients only. It was lower than recommended in 47.8% of the cases and substantially higher in 17.7% of subjects.Conclusions. We conclude that calcium intake in Hungarian osteoporotic patients is much lower than the current recommendation, while routinely applied calcium supplementation will result in inappropriately high calcium intake in numerous patients.

scholarly journals Fasting Insulin Level Is Positively Associated With Incidence of Hypertension Among American Young Adults: A 20-year follow-up study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1532-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Xun ◽  
K. Liu ◽  
W. Cao ◽  
S. Sidney ◽  
O. D. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Fasting Insulin Level ◽  
American Young Adults

scholarly journals The Impact of Adding Sugars to Milk and Fruit on Adiposity and Diet Quality in Children: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis of the Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS) Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Dello Russo ◽  
Wolfgang Ahrens ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Gabriele Eiben ◽  
Antje Hebestreit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Idefics Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex

Sugar, particularly as free sugars or sugar-sweetened beverages, significantly contributes to total energy intake, and, possibly, to increased body weight. Excessive consumption may be considered as a proxy of poor diet quality. However, no previous studies evaluated the association between the habit of adding sugars to “healthy” foods, such as plain milk and fresh fruit, and indicators of adiposity and/or dietary quality in children. To answer to these research questions, we Panalysed the European cohort of children participating in the IDEFICS study. Anthropometric variables, frequency of consumption of sugars added to milk and fruit (SAMF), and scores of adherence to healthy dietary pattern (HDAS) were assessed at baseline in 9829 children stratified according to age and sex. From this cohort, 6929 children were investigated again after two years follow-up. At baseline, a direct association between SAMF categories and adiposity indexes was observed only in children aged 6–<10 years, while the lower frequency of SAMF consumption was significantly associated with a higher HDAS. At the two year follow-up, children with higher baseline SAMF consumption showed significantly higher increases in all the anthropometric variables measured, with the exception of girls 6–<10 years old. The inverse association between SAMF categories and HDAS was still present at the two years follow-up in all age and sex groups. Our results suggest that the habit to adding sugars to foods that are commonly perceived as healthy may impact the adherence to healthy dietary guidelines and increase in adiposity risk as well.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption in Young Adults and Incident Hypertension: 20-Year Follow-up From the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 171 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jewell H. Halanych ◽  
Monika M. Safford ◽  
Stefan G. Kertesz ◽  
Mark J. Pletcher ◽  
Young-Il Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Incident Hypertension

High calcium intake does not prevent stress-salt hypertension in dogs

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
David E. Anderson ◽  
Pamela Murphy ◽  
William Kearns
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Intake ◽  
High Calcium Intake ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Salt Hypertension
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document