scholarly journals Effect of Treatments on Predictors of Diabetes in Obese Patients in a Public Hospital in Guayaquil-Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1212-1212
Author(s):  
Janet Gordillo ◽  
Florentina Vidal ◽  
Miguel Castro ◽  
Yuliana Gomez ◽  
Walter Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objectives To determine the effect of treatments on predictors of diabetes and the magnitude of its relationship in obese patients. Methods A longitudinal study was carried out to measure the effectiveness of the treatments on the predictors diabetes and a cross-sectional study to determine the magnitude of its relationship in patients obese, with two groups (group 1 = hypocaloric diet, group 2 = hypocaloric diet plus metformin 750 mg) between June and November of the year 2020. The sampling was non-probabilistic, for 162 patients. The nutritional status was calculated using(BMI). The waist circumference above 90 cm in men and greater than 80 cm in women. Patients were placed on hypocaloric diet (130 g of carbohydrates/day), triglycerides, cholesterol and glycemia, were performed with colorimetric reagent kits of Trinder, and Homa-Ir A multiple step regression was performed to determine the magnitude of the relationship of the predictors and the Wilcoxon and t-Student tests were applied to determine the effect of treatments in obese patients, for which the IBM-SPSS Statistics vs 26 programs was used. Results Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. The two variables: weight loss percentage (B = −7245; P = 0022) y HOMA (B = 3109; P = 0.033). The Prediction equation found was waist circumference = 109,046 - 7245 weight loss + 3109 HOMA, with an R squared of 0.157. With an ANOVA (P = 0.001) obtaining an adequate model, with the t-Student test, for paired samples, the effectiveness was evaluated, comparing the real value of waist circumference with the value obtained by applying the regression equation multiple. The mean of the waist circumference was 111, 16 ± 14, 22 and the mean of waist circumference obtained in the prediction was 111,15 ± 5,63. The student's t-test and Wilcoxon was performed to measure the effect of the treatments in both groups, to the BMI variable was found to be a significant difference (P < 0.001) in group 1 ($\bar x$ inicial = 40.79, $\bar x$ final = 39,95) which shows that both treatments affect BMI. However, the changes in BMI of both groups were different (delta 1 = 0.8 and delta 2 = 2.6). Conclusions The model allowed predicting diabetes, based on waist circumference, weight loss and Homa. The Group 2, reduced triglycerides levels, weight and BMI, which evaluated its efficacy. Funding Sources Not applicable.

Pharmacokinetics of Doxorubicin In Normal Weight and Obese Lymphoma Patients

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4935-4935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hoffmann ◽  
Raoul Bergner ◽  
Marion Stützle ◽  
Michael J. Uppenkamp ◽  
Rabea Foerster
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Abstract 4935 Background Doxorubicin (Dox) is the back bone of chemotherapy in the therapy of several types of carcinomas, lymphomas and acute leukemias. Obese patients (Body Mass Index > 30) have due to their body weight a relatively high Body Surface Area (BSA). Their calculated doxorubicin dose is therefore greater than for patients with normal weight. This could lead to overdosing in case of e.g. a reduced drug clearance. Otherwise a recent study demonstrated a worse outcome in women receiving adjuvant therapy with reduced chemotherapy dose. Patients and methods Eligible were patients above the age of 18 years and receiving the first or second cycle of a Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. Patients were divided due to their BMI in three groups (group 1: BMI < 25; group 2: BMI ≥ 25 and < 30, group 3: BMI ≥ 30). Dox was administered in a dose of 50 mg/m2 as infusion over 15 minutes. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours. Dox and its metabolite Doxorubicinol were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Area under the curve (AUC), clearance (Cl), half life (T1/2), and volume of distribution in steady state (Vss) were calculated using a 2-compartment-model for Dox and a non-compartmental-model for Doxorubicinol with PK software (WinNonlin). Results 31 Patients with untreated indolent or aggressive lymphomas were included in the study. Patients received CHOP-21 or CHOP-14 + G-CSF. 11 were in group 1, 10 in group 2 and 10 in group 3. 18 patients were male and 13 female. The mean age was 66 ± 10 years. The mean BMI was 27.9 ± 4.9 (group 1: 22.5 ± 2.1 group 2: 28.0 ± 1.4; group 3: 33.9 ± 1.8). Patients received a mean dose of 95.5 mg Dox (87.3 ± 8.1, 99.1 ± 10.2, 100.8 ± 7.5). We found a significant difference between the groups for the AUC by an analysis of variance. (p=0.014). This was also noticed for the differences between group 1 and 3 (p=0.029) and 2 and 3 (0.042) evaluated by a Scheffe test. The Cl showed no statistically significant difference (p=0.079). The BMI correlated (P=0.046) with the AUC. The AUC of Doxorubicinol was significantly different between the three groups (p=0.009), as was the clearance (p=0.04). The BMI was correlated with the AUC (p=0.009), the Cl (p=0.003), and T1/2 (p=0.036). We did not find any correlation between the pharmacokinetic parameters of Dox or Doxorubicinol and response to therapy. The evaluation of the hematological toxicity showed a non significant trend for higher WHO grade 3–4 leucopenia in patients with increased AUC of Dox. Conclusion The AUC in the patient group with BMI ≥ 30 was increased. This was caused by a reduced clearance as there was no relevant difference to the other groups in Vss. This suggested that Dox and Doxorubicinol penetrate only minimally into the fat tissue. However, the pharmacokinetic parameters of Dox and Doxorubicinol in non obese and obese patients showed considerable interindividual variability. The hematologic toxicity in obese patients was not significantly increased and therapy outcome did not correlate with any pharmacokinetic parameter. Thus, based on these data, we can not recommend a reduction of dose for Dox in patients up to a BMI of 35. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Repair Integrity and Functional Outcomes Between Knot-Tying and Knotless Suture-Bridge Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712110024
Author(s):  
Koray Şahin ◽  
Fatih Şentürk ◽  
Mehmet Ersin ◽  
Ufuk Arzu ◽  
Mechmet Chodza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Constant Score ◽  
Knot Tying ◽  
Suture Bridge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cuff Repair ◽  
Group 1

Background: Knot-tying suture-bridge (SB) rotator cuff repair may compromise the vascularity of the repaired tendon, causing tendon strangulation and medial repair failure. The knotless SB repair technique has been proposed to overcome this possibility and decrease retear rates. Purpose: To compare clinical and structural outcomes and retear patterns between the knot-tying and knotless SB techniques. We hypothesized that the knotless technique would result in lower retear rates owing to the preservation of intratendinous vascularity. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 104 patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears were randomly and prospectively allocated to undergo knot-tying (group 1) or knotless (group 2) SB repair. Clinical outcome measures included range of motion, the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the Constant score for function. Repair integrity was evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging scans using the Sugaya classification. Retears were also classified according to their pattern as type 1 (lateral) or type 2 (medial). Results: Overall, 88 patients (group 1: n = 42 [mean ± SD age, 54.3 ± 9.8 years]; group 2: n = 46 [mean ± SD age, 55.8 ± 8.2 years]) were included in the final analysis. The mean ± SD follow-up period was 25.4 ± 8.3 and 23.3 ± 7.2 months for groups 1 and 2, respectively. From preoperatively to postoperatively, the mean VAS pain score improved significantly in both groups (group 1: from 7.4 ± 1.7 to 1.0 ± 1.7; group 2: from 7.1 ± 1.9 to 1.3 ± 2.0; P < .0001 for both), as did the mean ± SD Constant score (group 1: from 51.7 ± 13.4 to 86.0 ± 11.5; group 2: from 49.4 ± 18.4 to 87.2 ± 14.8; P < .0001 for both). There was no significant difference between the groups for the postoperative VAS or Constant score. The retear rate was not significantly different between the groups (19.0% [8/42] in group 1 and 28.3% [13/46] in group 2; P > .05). There was a significant difference in the type 2 failure rate (75.0% [6/8] in group 1 and 23.1% [3/13] in group 2; P = .03). Conclusion: Both techniques showed excellent improvement and comparable clinical outcomes, and there was no significant difference in retear rates. Consistent with previously published data, the type 2 failure rate was significantly higher with the knot-tying technique. Registration: NCT03982108 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

scholarly journals Growth evaluation in infants with neonatal cholestasis

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Camila Carbone Prado ◽  
Roberto José Negrão Nogueira ◽  
Antônio de Azevedo Barros-Filho ◽  
Elizete Aparecida Lomazi da Costa-Pinto ◽  
Gabriel Hessel
Keyword(s):  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Neonatal Cholestasis ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUD: Chronic liver diseases in childhood often cause undernutrition and growth failure. To our knowledge, growth parameters in infants with neonatal cholestasis are not available AIM: To evaluate the nutritional status and growth pattern in infants with intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic cholestasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred forty-four patients with neonatal cholestasis were followed up at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Service of the Teaching Hospital, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil, in a 23-year period, from 1980 to 2003. The records of these patients were reviewed and patients were classified into two groups, according to their anatomical diagnosis: patients with intrahepatic cholestasis - group 1, and patients with extrahepatic cholestasis - group 2. Records of weight and height measurements were collected at 4 age stages of growth, in the first year of life: 1) from the time of the first medical visit to the age of 4 months (T1); 2) from the 5th to the 7th month (T2); 3) from the 8th to the 10th month (T3); and 4) from the 11th to the 13th month (T4). The weight-by-age and height-by-age Z-scores were calculated for each patient at each stage. In order for the patient to be included in the study it was necessary to have the weight and/or height measurements at the 4 stages. Analyses of variance and Tukey's tests were used for statistical analysis. Repeated measurement analyses of variance of the weight-by-age Z-score were performed in a 60-patient sample, including 29 patients from group 1 and 31 patients from group 2. The height-by-age data of 33 patients were recorded, 15 from group 1 and 18 from group 2 RESULTS: The mean weight-by-age Z-scores of group 1 patients at the 4 age stages were: T1=-1.54; T2=-1.40; T3=-0.94; T4=-0.78. There was a significant difference between T2 X T3 and T1 X T4. The weight-by-age Z-scores for group 2 patients were :T1=-1.04; T2=-1.67; T3=-1.93 and T4=-1.77, with a significant difference between T1 X T2 and T1 X T4. The mean weight-by-age Z-scores also showed a significant difference between group 1 and group 2 at stages T3 and T4. The mean height-by-age Z-scores at the four stages in group 1 were: T1=-1.27; T2=-1.16; T3=-0.92 and T4=-0.22, with a significant difference between T3XT4 and T1XT4. The scores for group 2 patients were: T1=-0.93; T2=-1.89; T3=-2.26 and T4=-2.03, with a significant difference between T1XT2 and T1XT4. The mean height-by-age Z-scores also showed a significant difference between group 1 and group 2 at T3 and T4 CONCLUSION: The weight and height differences between the groups became significant from the 3rd measurement onward, with the most substantial deficit found in the extrahepatic group. In this group, there is evidence that the onset of weight and height deficit occurs between the first and second evaluation stages.

scholarly journals Outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Anu Malik ◽  
Smruti Ranjan Dethi ◽  
Yogesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Alka Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Induced Astigmatism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Surgically Induced ◽  
Group 1

Aim: To compare surgical parameters and visual outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with standard phacoemulsification. Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted on 60 eyes of 60 patients with age-related uncomplicated cataract who underwent: standard phacoemulsification surgery (30 eyes) i.e., Group 1, or coaxial MICS (30 eyes) i.e., Group 2. Intraoperative parameters were mean effective phacoemulsification power (EPP), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), and total volume of balanced salt solution (BSS) used. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. Results: Mean BCVA at 6 weeks was 0.04 ± 0.07 in Group 1 and 0.05 ± 0.08 in Group 2. No significant difference was observed in SIA between the two groups. Mean EPT was 29.80 ± 3.67 seconds in Group 1 and 31.93 ± 4.08 seconds in Group 2. The mean total EPP in Group 1 was 35.77 ± 5.17%, whereas it was 33.70 ± 3.05% in Group 2. There was a significant statistical difference between mean EPP and EPT in the two groups. Mean total BSS volume used in Group 1 was 128.83 ± 19.81 ml, whereas it was 139.33 ± 13.57 ml in Group 2. Conclusion: Although EPT and BSS volume used were significantly higher in coaxial MICS, the postoperative results of the two techniques were comparable.

scholarly journals Comparison of Changes in Number of Hyperreflective Dots After İntravitreal Ranibizumab or Dexamethasone İmplant in Patients with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Karalezli ◽  
Sema Kaderli ◽  
Ahmet Kaderli ◽  
Cansu Kaya ◽  
Sabahattin Sul
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose: To compare the effect of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) or intravitreal dexamethasone implants (IVD) on regression of hyperreflective dots (HRDs) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) B-scan in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods: 37 eyes of 37 patients with cystoid macular edema who received IVR or IVD and followed up for at least 12 months were included in this study. The patients were divided into three groups according to intravitreal treatment. Group 1 consisted of 12 eyes who received only IVD, group 2 consisted of 10 eyes who received only IVR on a pro re nata and group 3 consisted of 15 eyes who received both IVD and IVR. OCT parameters (CMT, number of HRDs, status of external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ)) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared between the groups over the follow-up time. HRDs were categorized as HRD in inner retinal layers (from the internal limiting membrane to the inner nuclear layer) or HRD in outer retinal layers (from the outer plexiform layer to the outer border of the photoreceptor layer).Results: There was no significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA, CMT, HRDs in the inner and the outer retinal layers at baseline visit. (p˃0.05 for all) Comparing the baseline values in all groups, a significant decrease was observed in CMT in the first year. (For group 1; p=0.013, group 2; p=0.010; group 3, p<0.001) The BCVA was significantly increased after 1 year in all groups. (p=0.001, p=0.006, p<0.001) The mean number of HRDs in inner and outer retinal layers were significantly decreased in group 1 and group 3. (For group 1; p<0.001, p=0.001, for group 3; p<0.001, p<0.001) However, there was no significant difference in terms of the mean number of HRDs in inner and outer retinal layers for group 2. (p=0.134, p=0.477) At the first year, the number of HRDs in inner and outer retinal layers was significantly lower in group 1 and group 3 than group 2. (For inner HRDs; group 1 vs. group 2 p=0.007, group 2 vs. group 3 p<0.001. For outer HRDs group 1 vs. group 2 p<0.001, group 2 vs. group 3 p<0.001.) The BCVA was higher in group 3 than group 2 at 1year. (p=0.048). There was no significant difference in terms of post-treatment CMT and the number of HRDs between group 1 and group3 in posthoc tests (p=0.621, p=0.876, and p=0.632).Conclusion: The reduction in HRDs at 12 months and better BCVA after IVD intimates that the HRDs should be considered as inflammatory markers in the follow-up of CME in BRVO. Thus, IVD injection could be more appropriate for patients with higher HRDs after BRVO.

Changes in the Rate of Postoperative Flexor Tendon Rupture in Patients with Distal Radius Fractures

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Rui Hirasawa ◽  
Eichi Itadera ◽  
Seiji Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Distal Radius ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flexor Tendon Rupture ◽  
Tendon Ruptures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Flexor tendon rupture is a major complication after volar locking plating for distal radius fracture (DRF). Few studies have investigated changes in the rate of postoperative flexor tendon rupture in patients with DRFs. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in the rate of postoperative flexor tendon rupture and to assess plate placement and reduction positions. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients in whom more than 24 months had passed since DRF surgery. The patients were interviewed by telephone. Forty-nine patients (50 fractures; 2007–2009) from institution A were included in group 1 and 81 patients (84 fractures; 2013–2016) from institution B were included in group 2. The DRF surgery method was similar between the two groups. The rate of flexor tendon rupture, Soong classification grade, and radiological index (i.e., volar tilt [VT], radial inclination [RI], and ulnar variance [UV]) were statistically investigated in both groups. Results: Patient epidemiology was not significantly different between the two groups. The flexor tendon rupture rates were 2% and 0% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, without a significant difference. With regard to the Soong grade, 44 fractures were grade 2 and 6 were grade 1 in group 1, whereas 18 were grade 2, 38 were grade 1, and 28 were grade 0 in group 2, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). With regard to the radiological index, the mean VT values were 5° and 11° in groups 1 and 2, respectively, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). However, RI and UV showed no significant difference. Conclusions: Plate placement and reduction positions, which are risk factors for flexor tendon ruptures after DRFs, have improved recently when compared with previous findings. With these changes, the rate of flexor tendon rupture is presumed to have decreased.

scholarly journals Orthosiphon versus Placebo in Nephrolithiasis with Multiple Chronic Complaints: A Randomized Control Trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amorn Premgamone ◽  
Pote Sriboonlue ◽  
Srinoi Maskasem ◽  
Wattana Ditsataporncharoen ◽  
Bungornsri Jindawong
Keyword(s):  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Primary Measure ◽  
Group 1

Nephrolithiasis in the communities of Northeast Thailand frequently presents with multiple chronic health complaints, i.e. myofascial pain, back pain, dyspepsia, arthralgia, headache, fatigue, frank paresthesia, dysuria and any of these aggravated by purine-rich food (PRF). We assessed the efficacy of Orthosiphon in treating subjects with at least two active symptoms and negative for urine white blood cells. Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. Crude extract of Orthosiphon given in a capsule (equivalent to 1.6–1.8 g of dried leaves of Orthosiphon) two times a day to Group 1 (n= 36) and a placebo to Group 2 (n= 40) for 14 days. The medication for each subject was packed and its code kept secret until the data analysis. Both groups were asked not to consume any of 25 purine-rich foods (PRFs) during treatment. The primary measure was the reduced sum of active severity symptoms as recorded using the visual analog scale before and after therapy (i.e. on day 7 and 14). The data on 76 subjects were processed. The mean of the total scores (95% CI) of the symptoms in each group were decreased significantly (P< 0.001); 185.6 (153.3, 218.0) to 94.7 (58.2, 131.2) in the Orthosiphon group and 196.1 (164.4, 227.8) to 89.6 (62.8, 116.5) in the placebo group. When comparing between groups, no statistically significant difference was found. The mean consumption in PRFs was significantly decreased (P< 0.001) in both groups; however, Orthosiphon did not have additional benefit over placebo at 7 and 14 days of treatment during which they reduced these foods.

Effects of Acupuncture on the Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Caused by Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Carvalho ◽  
Kelly Weires ◽  
Márcia Ebling ◽  
Maristela de Souza Rabbo Padilha ◽  
Ygor Arzeno Ferrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Group 1

Objective The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture and sham acupuncture on the symptoms of anxiety and depression brought on by premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Methods In a single-blind randomised clinical trial, 30 volunteers with PMDD were assigned alternately to group 1 (acupuncture) or group 2 (sham acupuncture), and completed an evaluation of symptoms of anxiety and depression using the Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) and Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) Rating Scales. The procedure was performed twice a week for two menstrual cycles, for a total of 16 attendances for each participant. Results Before the intervention the mean HAM-A and HAM-D scores did not differ between groups. Following the intervention symptoms of anxiety and depression were reduced in both groups; however, the improvement was significant in group 1 compared to group 2, as shown by a mean reduction in HAM-A scores of 58.9% in group 1 and 21.2% in group 2 (p<0.001). The reduction in the mean HAM-D scores was 52.0% in group 1 and 19.6% in group 2, resulting in a significant difference (p=0.012). Conclusions The results suggest that acupuncture could be another treatment option for PMDD patients.

scholarly journals Effects of eliminating tension by means of epineural stitches: a comparative electrophysiological and histomorphometrical study using different suture techniques in an animal model

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (2b) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bustamante ◽  
M Socolovsky ◽  
R S Martins ◽  
J Emmerich ◽  
M G Pennini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Nerve Suture ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Human Nerve ◽  
Group 1

Epineural stitches are a means to avoid tension in a nerve suture. We evaluate this technique, relative to interposed grafts and simple neurorraphy, in a rat model. METHOD: Twenty rats were allocated to four groups. For Group 1, sectioning of the sciatic nerve was performed, a segment 4 mm long discarded, and epineural suture with distal anchoring stitches were placed resulting in slight tension neurorraphy. For Group 2, a simple neurorraphy was performed. For Group 3, a 4 mm long graft was employed and Group 4 served as control. Ninety days after, reoperation, latency of motor action potentials recording and axonal counts were performed. Inter-group comparison was done by means of ANOVA and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The mean motor latency for the simple suture (2.27±0.77 ms) was lower than for the other two surgical groups, but lower than among controls (1.69±0.56 ms). Similar values were founding in both group 1 (2.66±0.71 ms) and group 3 (2.64±0.6 ms). When fibers diameters were compared a significant difference was identified between groups 2 and 3 (p=0.048). CONCLUSION: Good results can be obtained when suturing a nerve employ with epineural anchoring stitches. However, more studies are needed before extrapolating results to human nerve sutures.

scholarly journals Comparison of the results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in different age groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3888
Author(s):  
Ali Borekoglu ◽  
Ibrahim Atilla Aridogan ◽  
Mutlu Deger ◽  
Onur Karsli ◽  
Volkan Izol
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Background: Evaluation of feasibility, safety and effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in different age groups.Methods: Between July 1997-October 2012, 233 patients who were 65 years old and older were included in this study. These patients were divided into two age subgroups used in gerontology research. Group 1 was defined as patients 65-74 years old, Group 2 was older than 74 years old. Data from patient records, including demographic characteristics, preoperative evaluation, operative details, and complications were retrospectively analyzed and compared with control group data.Results: The mean age of 233 patients was 69.7±4.6 years. The mean operative times for Group 1, group 2 and the control group were 76.2±47.3mins, 92.9±47.6mins, 77±44mins, respectively and there was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 and the control group (p>0.05). Twenty-eight of the 233 patients (12%) needed blood transfusion due to perioperative bleeding. The transfusion rates of groups 1 and 2 were 11.3% and 16.7%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups and control group for blood transfusion rates (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in complications between the study and control groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: In geriatric patients, stone-free rates, transfusion rates and other operation parameters are similar to younger populations when experienced surgeons perform PCNL. Despite comorbidities and decreased body reserve, PCNL can be performed without a significant increase in complications in different ages.

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