Fresh and Lean Beef Consumption in Relation to Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality Among U.S. Adults, 2005–2016 (P18-057-19)

Abstract Objectives This study assessed the influence of beef consumption on nutrient intakes and diet quality among U.S. adults. Methods Nationally-representative sample (N = 27,117) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016 waves were analyzed. First-difference estimator addressed confounding bias from time-invariant unobservables (e.g., eating habits, taste preferences) by using within-individual variations in beef consumption between 2 nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. Results Approximately 53.6%, 11.6%, and 6.7% of American adults consumed beef, fresh beef, lean beef, and fresh lean beef, respectively. An increase in lean beef and fresh lean beef consumption by one ounce-equivalent per day was associated with an increase in the Health Eating Index-2010 score by 0.20 (95% CI = 0.10, 0.29) and 0.29 (95% CI = 0.03, 0.55), respectively. Prevalence of beef, fresh beef, lean beef, and fresh lean beef consumption differed by sex, age, race/ethnicity, education level, and obesity status. An increase in beef, fresh beef, lean beef, and fresh lean beef consumption by one ounce-equivalent per day was found to be associated with an increase in intakes of total energy by 46.1, 39.6, 34.3, and 23.3 kcal, protein by 5.0, 4.1, 4.9, and 4.2 g, sodium by 66.6, 63.4, 35.8, and 39.1 mg, choline by 18.9, 18.1, 19.4, and 18.9 mg, iron by 0.6, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.5 mg, selenium by 3.8, 3.4, 3.6, and 3.8 µg, zinc by 1.4, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.1 mg, phosphorus by 37.1, 37.5, 32.4, and 34.4 mg, vitamin B2 by 0.03, 0.05, 0.02, and 0.04 mg, vitamin B3 by 0.9, 0.6, 0.9, and 0.6 mg, and vitamin B6 by 0.1, 0.06, 0.1, and 0.07 mg, respectively. An increase in beef, fresh beef, and lean beef consumption by one ounce-equivalent per day was found to be associated with an increase in daily intakes of saturated fat by 0.9, 0.8, and 0.6 g, and vitamin B12 by 0.4, 0.3, and 0.4 µg, respectively. No association linking fresh lean beef consumption with daily intakes of saturated fat and vitamin B12 was identified. Conclusions Beef consumers are advised to increase their share of fresh and lean beef over total beef intake in an effort to maximize their nutritional gains from beef consumption while minimize the resultant increase in energy, saturated fat, and sodium intake. Funding Sources National Cattlemen's Beef Association.

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Total, Fresh, Lean, and Fresh Lean Beef Consumption in Relation to Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality among U.S. Adults, 2005–2016

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11030563 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 563 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruopeng An ◽

Sharon Nickols-Richardson ◽

Reginald Alston ◽

Sa Shen ◽

Caitlin Clarke

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Confounding Bias ◽

Lean Beef ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

Health Eating

(1) Background: This study assessed the influence of beef consumption on nutrient intakes and diet quality among U.S. adults. (2) Methods: Nationally-representative sample (n = 27,117) from 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed. First-difference estimator addressed confounding bias from time-invariant unobservables (e.g., eating habits, taste preferences) by using within-individual variations in beef consumption between 2 nonconsecutive 24 h dietary recalls. (3) Results: Approximately 54%, 39%, 12%, and 7% of U.S. adults consumed beef, lean beef, fresh beef, and fresh lean beef, respectively. Overall diet quality measured by the Health Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) score among beef, fresh beef, lean beef, and fresh lean beef consumers was lower than beef non-consumers. Regression analyses found that beef, fresh beef, lean beef, and fresh lean beef consumption was associated with higher daily intakes of total energy, protein, sodium, choline, iron, selenium, zinc, phosphorus, and multiple B vitamins. Beef, fresh beef, and lean beef consumption but not fresh lean beef consumption was associated with higher saturated fat intake. Beef consumption was not found to be associated with overall dietary quality measured by the HEI-2015 score. (4) Conclusions: Beef consumers may increase the intake of fresh and lean beef over total beef consumption to maximize the nutritional gains from beef portions while minimizing the resulting increases in energy, saturated fat, and sodium.

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Fresh and Lean Pork Consumption in Relation to Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality among US Adults, NHANES 2005-2016

Health Behavior and Policy Review ◽

10.14485/hbpr.6.6.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 570-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruopeng An ◽

Sharon M Nickols-Richardson ◽

Reginald Alston ◽

Caitlin Clarke

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Confounding Bias ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

Pork Consumption ◽

Lean Pork

Objective: In this study, we assessed the influence of pork consumption on nutrient intakes and diet quality among US adults. Methods: We used a nationally-representative sample (N=27,117) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016 waves for analysis. First-difference estimator addressed confounding bias from time-invariant non-observables (eg, eating habits, taste preferences) by using within-individual variations in pork consumption between 2 nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. Results: Approximately 19.4%, 16.5%, and 16.1% of US adults consumed pork, fresh pork, and fresh lean pork, respectively. Prevalence of pork, fresh pork, and fresh lean pork consumption differed by sex, race/ethnicity, and education level. Increased fresh and lean pork rather than total pork intake was related to marginally improved nutritional intakes (ie, protein, magnesium, potassium, selenium, zinc, phosphorus, and vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B6) with lesser increases in daily total energy, saturated fat, and sodium intakes. Pork, fresh pork, and fresh lean pork consumption was not found to be associated with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 score. Conclusion: US adult pork consumers may increase their share of fresh and fresh lean pork over total pork consumption in an effort to increase their daily intakes of beneficial nutrients while minimizing intakes of energy, saturated fat, and sodium.

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The role of unprocessed beef and lamb in the diets of Irish children and teenagers (5–17 years)

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120004012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Jacqueline Lyons ◽

Christopher Cocking ◽

Laura Kehoe ◽

Breige McNulty ◽

Anne Nugent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Monounsaturated Fat ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Food Composition Tables ◽

Total Fat ◽

Daily Intakes

AbstractIntroductionMeat is a nutrient-dense food that plays a central role in the diets of many children globally, contributing significantly to intakes of energy, protein and a number of essential micronutrients. However, nutritive quality is variable across meat types and cuts, and dietary guidelines across Europe typically encourage the consumption of lean meats whilst limiting the consumption of processed meats. The current work aimed to estimate intakes of unprocessed beef and lamb and their contribution to nutrient intakes in Irish children and teenagers.MethodsAnalyses were based on data from the Irish National Children's Food Survey (NCFS) (2003–2004; 5–12 years; n 594) and National Teens’ Food Survey (NTFS) (2005–2006; 13–17 years; n 441) (www.iuna.net). Both surveys used a 7-day weighed (NCFS) or semi-weighed (NTFS) food record to collect dietary intake data from nationally representative samples of Irish children. Dietary intake data were converted to nutrient data using WISP©, based on UK and Irish food composition tables. Unprocessed beef and lamb was defined as beef or lamb that had not undergone any preserving process other than chilling, freezing or salting, and included beef or lamb dishes that were wrapped in a controlled atmosphere. Meat intakes from composite dishes (e.g. beef lasagne) were estimated following disaggregation of the non-meat components. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS© v23.0.ResultsUnprocessed beef was consumed by 79% of children and 83% of teenagers, while unprocessed lamb was consumed by 19% of children and 20% of teenagers. Mean daily intakes of unprocessed beef were 21 g and 34 g in children and teenagers (consumers only), while mean daily intakes of unprocessed lamb were 14 g and 23 g. Unprocessed beef and lamb contributed 5–6% to mean daily energy intakes and contributed the following proportions to daily nutrient intakes in children and teenagers, respectively: protein (11%, 15%), total fat (7%, 9%), saturated fat (7%, 10%), monounsaturated fat (9%, 11%), iron (7%, 10%), zinc (18%, 23%), vitamin A (7%, 7%), vitamin D (12%, 16%), total niacin (9%, 13%), vitamin B6 (6%, 9%), vitamin B12 (15%, 22%), sodium (6%, 7%).DiscussionUnprocessed beef and lamb are valuable sources of nutrients for Irish children and teenagers. Relative to their energy contribution, they contribute higher proportions of a number of important nutrients, such as protein, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and total niacin, while contributing relatively small proportions of total fat, saturated fat and sodium. This research was funded by Meat Technology Ireland.

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Development of a Food-Based Diet Quality Score from a Short FFQ and Associations with Obesity Measures, Eating Styles and Nutrient Intakes in Finnish Twins

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112561 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2561 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Masip ◽

Keski-Rahkonen ◽

Pietiläinen ◽

Kujala ◽

Rottensteiner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Quality Score ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Eating Styles ◽

Unit Increase ◽

Food Diaries ◽

Total Fat

We constructed a food-based diet quality score (DQS) and examined its association with obesity measures, eating styles and nutrient intakes. Participants were 3592 individuals (764 dizygotic [DZ] and 430 monozygotic [MZ] twin pairs) from the FinnTwin16 study. The DQS (0–12 points) was constructed from a short 14 item food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measures and eating styles were self-reported. Nutrient intakes were calculated from food diaries completed in a subsample of 249 individuals (45 same-sex DZ and 60 MZ twin pairs). Twins were analyzed both as individuals and as twin pairs. The DQS was inversely associated with body mass index (β = −0.12, per one-unit increase in DQS, p < 0.001), waist circumference (β = −0.34, p < 0.001), obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, p = 0.004) and abdominal obesity (OR: 0.88, p < 0.001), independent of sex, age, physical activity and education. A higher DQS was associated with health-conscious eating, having breakfast, less snacking, fewer evening meals, and a higher frequency and regularity of eating. The DQS was positively correlated with the intakes of protein, fiber and magnesium and negatively correlated with the intakes of total fat, saturated fat and sucrose. Within twin pairs, most of the associations between the DQS with eating styles and some nutrients remained, but the DQS was not associated with obesity measures within twin pairs. The DQS is an easy-to-use tool for ranking adults according to diet quality and shows an association with obesity measures, eating styles and key nutrients in the expected direction.

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Increasing Plant-Based Meat Alternatives and Decreasing Red and Processed Meat in the Diet Differentially Affect the Diet Quality and Nutrient Intakes of Canadians

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12072034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2034

Author(s):

Hassan Vatanparast ◽

Naorin Islam ◽

Mojtaba Shafiee ◽

D. Dan Ramdath

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Dietary Folate ◽

Red And Processed Meat

Current evidence suggests a link between red and processed meat consumption and the risk of various cancers and other health outcomes. Using national survey data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)-Nutrition 2015, we aimed to model a dietary scenario to assess the potential effects of increasing the intake of currently consumed plant-based meat alternatives by 100% and decreasing the consumption of red and processed meat by 50% on the diet quality and nutrient intakes of Canadians (≥1 year). This dietary scenario had no significant impact on dietary energy intake (p > 0.05), but resulted in a significant increase in the dietary intakes of fibre, polyunsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, and dietary folate equivalents (p < 0.05). On the other hand, this dietary scenario was accompanied by a significant decrease in protein (from 77.8 ± 0.6 g to 73.4 ± 0.6 g), cholesterol, zinc, and vitamin B12 intake (p < 0.05). Further, based on Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) scores, the overall nutritional value of the simulated diet was higher than the baseline diet. Our modeling showed that the partial replacement of red and processed meat with plant-based alternatives improves overall diet quality but may adversely affect the intake of some micronutrients, especially zinc and vitamin B12.

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Mango Consumption Is Associated with Improved Nutrient Intakes, Diet Quality, and Weight-Related Health Outcomes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14010059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Yanni Papanikolaou ◽

Victor L. Fulgoni

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Daily Intake ◽

The United States ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Added Sugar ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Daily Intakes

As nutrient-dense fruits, mangoes are commonly consumed globally and are important sources of nutrients in the diet. Nonetheless, mangoes remain relatively under-consumed in the United States. The objective of the present analysis was to examine nutrient intakes, diet quality, and health outcomes using data from NHANES 2001–2018 in children and adult mango consumers (n = 291; adults n = 449) compared with mango non-consumers (children n = 28,257; adults n = 44,574). Daily energy and nutrient intakes were adjusted for a complex sample design of NHANES using appropriate weights. Mango consumption was not associated with daily energy intake, compared with non-consumption, in both children and adults. Children consuming mangoes had a significantly lower daily intake of added sugar, sodium, total fat, and a higher intake of dietary fiber, magnesium, potassium, total choline, vitamin C, and vitamin D, compared with non-consumers. In adults, mango consumers had significantly higher daily intakes of dietary fiber, magnesium, potassium, folate, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E and significantly lower intakes of added sugar and cholesterol, compared with non-consumers. Mango consumption was also associated with a better diet quality vs. mango non-consumers (p < 0.0001). Mango consumption in adolescents was associated with lower BMI z-scores, compared with non-consumption. In adults, BMI scores, waist circumference, and body weight were significantly lower only in male mango consumers when compared with mango non-consumers. The current results support that mango consumption is associated with improved nutrient intakes, diet quality, and certain health outcomes. Thus, dietary strategies that aim to increase mango consumption in the American population should be evaluated as part of future dietary guidance.

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Evaluation of the Proximity of Singaporean Children’s Dietary Habits to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112615 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2615 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Iain A Brownlee ◽

Jasmine Low ◽

Naageswari Duriraju ◽

Mavis Chun ◽

Jessica Xiu Yan Ong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Whole Grains ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Diet

Dietary habits in children may not only impact current health status but could also shape future, lifelong dietary choices. Dietary intake data in Singaporean children are limited. The current study aimed to define the overall diet quality of Singaporean children using an existing cross-sectional dataset and to consider how demographic factors (i.e., body mass index (BMI) status, ethnicity, age, and sex) were associated with these scores. Existing, cross-sectional dietary data (n = 561 children aged 6–12 years, collected in 2014–2015) from duplicate 24-h recalls were assessed for diet quality using an index based on the Singaporean Health Promotion Board dietary guidelines. Total diet quality scores were calculated from ten different components (frequencies of rice and alternatives, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, meat and alternatives, dairy and alternatives, total fat, saturated fat, sodium intake, and added sugars). Association with demographic factors and BMI category was evaluated by one-way multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) tests, with Bonferroni post hoc analyses. Median (interquartile range) total diet quality scores were 65.4 (57.1–73.0). Median scores for whole grains (0.0, 0.0–33.4), fruits (24.1, 0.0–65.3), vegetables (36.5, 10.4-89.8), and sodium (58.4, 0.0–100.0) intake were frequently sub-optimal. Children of Malay ethnic origin had statistically lower total diet quality scores ((55.3, 47.5–60.3) vs. other ethnic groups (combined median 65.4 (57.1, 73.0); p < 0.001). These findings highlight the need for continuing efforts to improve dietary intake in young Singaporeans and for longitudinal dietary monitoring in this group.

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An examination of contributions of animal- and plant-based dietary patterns on the nutrient quality of diets of adult Canadians

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2020-1039 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hrvoje Fabek ◽

Diana Sanchez-Hernandez ◽

Mavra Ahmed ◽

Christopher P.F. Marinangeli ◽

James D House ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin B12 ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Plant Protein ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Nutrient Quality ◽

Group 1

Dietary guidance and Canada’s 2019 Food Guide encourage increased consumption of plant-based foods as a source of dietary protein. However, there is an absence of recent data on protein and nutrient intakes and quality of Canadian dietary patterns that might occur with increased plant protein intakes. This study compared food sources and nutrient intakes of Canadian adults within groups of increasing plant protein-containing diets. The CCHS 2015 Public-Use Microdata File of single 24-hour dietary recalls of males and females >19 years (n = 6,498) or >70 years (n=1,482) were examined. Respondents were allocated into four groups defined by their protein intake percentage coming from plant-based foods (i.e., Group 1: 0 – 24.9%, Group 2: 25 – 49.9%, Group 3: 50 – 74.9%, Group 4: 75 – 100%). Protein intake in adults averaged 63.3% animal and 36.7% plant protein. Where plant protein contributed >50% protein, higher intakes of carbohydrate, dietary fibre, folate, dietary folate equivalents (DFE), iron and magnesium (p<0.001) but lower intakes of total and saturated fat, protein, vitamin D, vitamin B12, riboflavin and niacin (p<0.0001) were reported. In contrast, Group 1 had higher total and saturated fat, protein, vitamin B12, thiamin, niacin, and zinc, but lower carbohydrate, dietary fibre, and magnesium. Balancing plant- with animal-based protein foods leads to healthier dietary patterns with more favourable nutritional properties when compared to diets based on either high animal or high plant protein content. Novelty bullets: • Combinations of animal- and plant-based proteins improve nutrient quality of Canadian diets. • The source of protein influences diet quality.

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Poor Diet Quality in Children with Cancer During Treatment

Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing ◽

10.1177/10434542211011050 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104345422110110

Author(s):

Jennifer Cohen ◽

Emma Goddard ◽

Mary-Ellen Brierley ◽

Lynsey Bramley ◽

Eleanor Beck

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽

Food Group ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Children With Cancer ◽

Dietary Recall

Background: With improved long-term health outcomes and survivorship, the long-term nutritional management of childhood cancer survivors, from diagnosis to long-term follow-up, has become a priority. The aim of this study was to examine the diet quality of children receiving treatment for cancer. Methods: Participants were parents of children with cancer who were receiving active treatment and not receiving supplementary nutrition. A 24-h dietary recall assessed food and nutrient intake. Serves of food group intakes and classification of core and discretionary items were made according to the Australian Dietary Guidelines and compared with age and sex recommendations. Results: Sixty-four parents participated (75% female). Most children were not consuming adequate intake of vegetables (94% of patients), fruit (77%), and milk/alternatives (75%). Of the vegetables that were consumed, half were classified as discretionary foods (e.g., chips/fries). Nearly half (49%) of children exceeded recommendations for total sugar intake and 65% of patients had an excessive sodium intake. Discussion: Children receiving cancer treatment are consuming diets of reasonable quantity, but poor quality. Information provided during treatment should focus on educating parents on a healthy diet for their child, the importance of establishing healthy eating habits for life, and strategies to overcome barriers to intake during treatment.

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Egg Consumption in U.S. Children is Associated with Greater Daily Nutrient Intakes, including Protein, Lutein + Zeaxanthin, Choline, α-Linolenic Acid, and Docosahexanoic Acid

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11051137 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1137 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yanni Papanikolaou ◽

Victor L. Fulgoni

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Linolenic Acid ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Optimal Growth ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Dietary Folate ◽

Egg Consumption ◽

Daily Energy

Dietary pattern recommendations include consuming a variety of nutrient-dense foods in children and adolescents to promote optimal growth and development. The current study investigated associations with egg consumption and nutrient intakes, diet quality, and growth outcomes relative to non-egg consumers. The analysis used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2012 in children and adolescents aged 2–18 years (N = 3,299, egg consumers; N = 17,030, egg non-consumers). Daily energy and nutrient intakes were adjusted for the complex sample design of NHANES using appropriate weights. Consuming eggs was associated with increased daily energy intake relative to non-egg consumption. Children and adolescents consuming eggs had elevated daily intake of protein, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and total fat, α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), choline, lutein + zeaxanthin, vitamin D, potassium, phosphorus, and selenium. Egg consumers had greater consumption, sodium, saturated fat, with reduced total and added sugar versus egg non-consumers. The analysis also showed that egg consumption was linked with lower intake of dietary folate, iron, and niacin. No associations were determined when examining diet quality and growth-related measures. A sub-analysis considering socioeconomic status showed that egg consumption was positively related with daily lutein + zeaxanthin and DHA intake. The current analysis demonstrated several nutrient-related benefits to support the continued inclusion of eggs in the dietary patterns of children and adolescents.

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