scholarly journals Adherence to Pre-pregnancy DASH Dietary Pattern and Diet Recommendations from the American Heart Association and the Risk of Preeclampsia (OR35-06-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariel Arvizu ◽  
Jennifer Stuart ◽  
Janet Rich-Edwards ◽  
Audrey Gaskins ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Whole Grain

Abstract Objectives Because the relationship between diet and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), including preeclampsia, remains unclear we aim to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy adherence to the American Heart Association (AHA) diet recommendations and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern with risk of developing preeclampsia (PE). Methods Our prospective cohort study included 20,024 pregnancies from 13,645 women enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study II (NHS2) (1991 to 2007). Pre-pregnancy diet was measured in 1991 by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and updated every four years. Pregnancy outcomes were self-reported every 2 years during follow-up. We derived the DASH scores based on the intake of 8 food groups (fruits and fruit juices, vegetables, whole-grain, red and processed meats, nuts and legumes, sugar sweetened beverages, and sodium). The AHA score was derived from 5 food groups (fruits and vegetables, whole grain, fish, SSBs and sodium) consistent with AHA dietary guidelines to reduce hypertension in the general population. We estimated the RR and 95% CIs of PE by log-Poisson regression employing generalized estimating equations and adjusting for total energy intake, age at pregnancy, BMI, physical activity, parity, smoking status, infertility, marital status, multivitamin use, and gestational diabetes. Results HDPs were reported in 1,089 (5.4%) pregnancies, of which 505 (2.5%) were PE. The DASH score (max points = 40) ranged from 16 to 32 points and the AHA score (max score = 50) ranged from 18 to 41 points in our population. Compared to women in the lowest quintile of adherence to the AHA, the RR (95%CI) of PE in quintiles 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 0.88 (0.68, 1.14), 0.87 (0.66, 1.15), 0.83 (0.64, 1.09), and 0.79 (0.60, 1.06), respectively (p-trend = 0.09). Similarly, the RR (95%CI) of PE among women in increasing quintiles of adherence to the DASH score was 0.88 (0.68, 1.13), 0.72 (0.55, 0.94), 0.80 (0.61, 1.05), and 0.62 (0.45, 0.84) compared to women in the lowest quintile (p-trend = 0.002). Conclusions Stronger pre-pregnancy adherence to the DASH dietary pattern was inversely associated to developing PE among participants of the NHS2. Funding Sources Supported by National Institutes of Health grants UM1-CA176726, P30-DK046200, U54-CA155626, and T32-DK007703-16.

Abstract 52: Plasma Metabolomic Signatures of the American Heart Association Diet Score: Findings From the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle E Haslam ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Liming Liang ◽  
Clary Clish ◽  
Alice H Lichtenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Diet Score

Introduction: Puerto Rican adults living on the US mainland tend to have poor quality diets and adverse cardiometabolic risk. Plasma metabolomic signatures reflect dietary intakes and variability in metabolic response to diet. Hypothesis: A plasma metabolomic signature reflecting adherence to the American Heart Association (AHA) dietary guidelines will be associated with cardiometabolic risk. Methods: We used LC/MS to measure plasma metabolites (>700) among Boston Puerto Rican Health Study participants, aged 45-75 years, without (n=252) and with (n=254) type 2 diabetes (T2D). We calculated a modified version of a previously validated AHA diet score (AHA-DS), which included variety and amounts of fruits/vegetables, whole grains, fish, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and added sugars. We used elastic net regression to identify a metabolomic signature that associated with higher adherence to the AHA-DS among those without T2D (training set) and replicated the associations among those with T2D (testing set). A metabolomic score was calculated as the weighted sum of the diet associated metabolites. We used general linear models to determine the cross-sectional associations between the AHA-DS, metabolomic score, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: A diet-associated metabolomic signature with 58 metabolites, primarily lipids and amino acids, was identified. This metabolomic score correlated moderately with the AHA-DS among those with and without T2D (r=0.42-0.46, P <5.7x10 -12 ). In all participants (n=506), the metabolomic score, but not the AHA-DS, was significantly associated with higher HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations, and lower waist circumference ( P <0.004; Table 1). No associations were observed for triglyceride concentrations, glycemia measures, or blood pressure. Conclusions: In individuals of Puerto Rican descent, we identified a metabolomic signature that reflected adherence and metabolic response to the AHA dietary guidelines and that associated with cardiometabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals Exploration of the Association between Dietary Fiber Intake and Hypertension among U.S. Adults Using 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines: NHANES 2007–2014

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoqi Sun ◽  
Xiaoyan Shi ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Family Income ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Vegetable Fiber

This study aimed to explore the association between dietary fiber intake and hypertension risk using 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2014 were used in this study. Dietary fiber data were obtained through two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 80 mmHg or treatment with hypertensive medications. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the associations between dietary intakes of total, cereal, vegetable, and fruit fiber and hypertension. A total of 18,433 participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analyses. After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), race, educational level, smoking status, family income, and total daily energy intake, compared with the lowest tertile, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of hypertension for the highest tertile intakes of total, cereal, vegetable, and fruit fiber were 0.62 (0.52–0.75), 0.80 (0.67–0.96), 0.82 (0.69–0.98), and 0.86 (0.71–1.04), respectively. Dose-response analyses revealed that the risk of hypertension was associated with total fiber intake in a nonlinear trend, while the relationships were linear for cereal and vegetable fiber intakes. Our results suggested that the intakes of total, cereal, and vegetable fiber, but not fruit fiber, were associated with a decreased risk of hypertension in U.S. adults.

scholarly journals Guideline-Based Statin Eligibility, Cancer Events, and Noncardiovascular Mortality in the Framingham Heart Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (25) ◽  
pp. 2927-2933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Pursnani ◽  
Joseph M. Massaro ◽  
Ralph B. D’Agostino ◽  
Christopher J. O'Donnell ◽  
Udo Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Shared Risk

Purpose Cancer and cardiovascular disease share risk factors, and there is some evidence that statins reduce cancer mortality. We sought to determine the accuracy of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association statin eligibility criteria to identify individuals at a higher risk of developing cancer or of dying as a result of cancer or other noncardiovascular causes. Methods We included 2,196 participants (50.5 ± 8.1 years of age; 55% female) who were statin naïve and free of cancer at baseline from the offspring and third-generation cohorts of the community-based longitudinal Framingham Heart Study. Statin eligibility was determined per American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis was assessed by computed tomography. The primary outcome was incident cancer at a median of 10.0 years (interquartile range, 9.1-10.6 years) of follow-up, and secondary outcomes were cancer mortality and noncardiovascular mortality. Results The incident cancer rate was 11.2% (247 of 2,196), with 58 noncardiovascular deaths, including 39 cancer deaths (1.8%). Overall, 37% (812 of 2,196) were statin eligible. Incident cancer occurred in 125 (15%) of the 812 statin-eligible participants versus 122 (8.8%) of the 1,384 of noneligible participants (subdistribution hazard ratio [SDHR], 1.8 [1.4 to 2.3]; P < .001). Cancer mortality occurred in 34 (4.2%) of the 812 statin-eligible participants versus five (0.4%) of the 1,384 noneligible participants (SDHR, 12.1 [4.7 to 31]; P < .001). Noncardiovascular mortality occurred in 49 (6.0%) of the 812 statin-eligible participants versus nine (0.7%) of the 1,384 noneligible participants (SDHR, 10.1 [5.0 to 21]; P < .001). In stratified analyses, these findings were independent of any individual causative risk factor such as body mass index, age, or smoking status. Conclusion In this community-based primary prevention cohort, guideline-based statin eligibility accurately identified patients at a higher risk of developing cancer and cancer-related mortality. Shared risk profiles and potential benefits of statins between cancer and cardiovascular outcomes may provide a unique opportunity to improve population health.

scholarly journals Substantial Increase in Compliance with Saturated Fatty Acid Intake Recommendations after One Year Following the American Heart Association Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Zhao ◽  
David Chiriboga ◽  
Barbara Olendzki ◽  
Bin Xie ◽  
Yawen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Counselling ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
One Year

The American Heart Association (AHA) dietary guidelines recommend 30–35% of energy intake (%E) be from total fat, <7%E from saturated fatty acids (SFA), and <1%E from trans fatty acid (TFA). This study evaluates the effect of AHA dietary counselling on fat intake. Between 2009 and 2014, 119 obese adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS), (71% women, average 52.5 years of age, and 34.9 kg/m2 of body mass index), received individual and group counselling on the AHA diet, over a one-year study period. Each participant attended 2 individual sessions (months 1 and 12) and 12 group sessions, at one-month intervals. At baseline and one-year, we collected three random 24-h diet recalls (two weekdays and one weekend day). Fat intake patterns over time were analyzed using paired-t test and linear mixed-effect models. There was significant variation on SFA and TFA intake per meal, being highest at dinner, in restaurants, and on weekends. Over the one-year study period, daily intake of total fat, SFA, and TFA decreased by 27%, 37% and 41%, respectively (p-value < 0.01, each). Correspondingly, the percentage of participants complying with AHA’s recommendations, increased from 25.2% to 40.2% for total fat (p-value = 0.02); from 2.5% to 20.7% for SFA (p-value < 0.01); and from 45.4% to 62% for TFA (p-value = 0.02). Additionally, SFA intake for all meal types at home decreased significantly (p-value < 0.05, each). AHA dietary counselling significantly increased the compliance with AHA dietary guidelines, with an eightfold increase in compliance in SFA intake. Nonetheless, ~80% of our participants still exceeded the recommended SFA intake. Substantial efforts are needed to encourage low-SFA and low-TFA food preparation at home, with strong public health policies to decrease SFA and TFA in restaurants and prepared foods.

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