scholarly journals From Research to Practice: A Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Approach to Develop an Education Session for People with Type 2 Diabetes (P16-055-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soghra Jarvandi ◽  
Laurie Meschke ◽  
Bonnie Hinds
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Education Session ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
Management Behaviors

Abstract Objectives Despite national efforts, type 2 diabetes continues to rise in the Appalachian region. With concerns about cultural competence and health literacy, we undertook a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to program development to maximize effectiveness and cultural relevance for people with type 2 diabetes in Appalachia. Methods We conducted a multi-stage project. First, we assessed the educational needs, using a survey measuring diabetes self-management behaviors (diet, exercise, glucose monitoring, foot care, and medication) and conducted six focus groups with people with type 2 diabetes living in East TN. Next, from the focus group participants, a Community Advisory Board (CAB) was formed to review the results and provide input on the design of the education tool. The CAB used a systematic prioritization method to select the education topic and delivery methods. Finally, we piloted the resulting single nutrition education session with the CAB members. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results Forty-two people participated in this study (66% female; mean age 65.7 years, SD 12), with seven thereafter forming the CAB (57% female). Nutrition was the most raised topic in the focus groups. Comparing the five self-management behaviors, the lowest percentage of participants reported compliance with dietary self-management behaviors (32%). Using adapted Hanlon methodology, the CAB selected ‘nutrition’ as the topic for the education. In addition, CAB specified group interactions, opportunity for asking questions, presence of support person/family, and providing additional resources as critical program characteristics. Accordingly, we developed an interactive session, focused on food groups and meal planning, using social cognitive theory. The session includes basic information about diabetes, meal planning strategies, problem solving, scenarios, and individual action plan. The pilot testing of the session showed that all participants ‘strongly agree’[ed] that the session offers useable, practical information. Conclusions The CAB guided the development of a session to respond to the needs and concerns of people with type 2 diabetes in rural Appalachia. Funding Sources Humana Foundation.

Emotional and Behavioral Aspects of Diabetes in American Indians/Alaska Natives

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Scarton ◽  
Mary de Groot
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Alaska Natives ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Behavioral Aspects

American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) bear a disproportionate burden of diabetes and associated long-term complications. Behavioral interventions play a vital role in promoting diabetes medical and psychological outcomes, yet the development of interventions for AI/AN communities has been limited. A systematic review was conducted of studies focused on the psychosocial and behavioral aspects of diagnosed diabetes among AI/ANs. Ovid and PubMed databases and published reference lists were searched for articles published between 1987 and 2014 that related to the psychosocial and behavioral aspects of type 1 or type 2 diabetes in the AI/AN population. Twenty studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Nineteen studies were observational and one study was intervention based. Two of the studies used community-based participatory research methodology. Of the 20 studies, 2 discussed cultural influences associated with diabetes self-management and 10 identified the specific tribes that participated in the study. Tribal affiliations among the studies were broad with the number of AI/AN participants in each study ranging from 30 to 23,529 participants. Emotional and behavioral topics found in the literature were adherence ( n = 2), depression ( n = 9), physical activity ( n = 3), psychosocial barriers ( n = 1), social support ( n = 3), and stress ( n = 2). Relatively few studies were identified using AI/AN populations over a 27-year period. This is in stark contrast to what is known about the prevalence and burden that type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus place on AI/AN communities. Future research should promote community engagement through the use of community-based participatory research methodologies, seek to further understand and describe the emotional and behavioral context for diabetes self-management in this population, and develop and test innovative interventions to promote the best possible diabetes outcomes.

Type 2 diabetes prevention and self-management among Nicaraguan ethnic minorities: findings from phase 3 of a community-based participatory research study

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Kelley Newlin Lew ◽  
Yolanda McLean ◽  
Sylvia Byers ◽  
Helen Taylor ◽  
Karina Cayasso
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore physical environmental, medical environmental, and individual factors in a sample of ethnic minority adults with or at-risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua. Design/methodology/approach The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design guided by a community-based participatory research framework. Three coastal communities in the South Atlantic Autonomous Region (RAAS) of Nicaragua were sampled. Inclusion criteria were: lay adult with or at-risk for T2D, ⩾21 years of age, self-identification as Creole or Miskito, and not pregnant. Convenience sampling procedures were followed. Data were collected via objective (A1C, height, and weight) and self-report (Pan American Health Organization surveys, Diabetes Care Profile subscales, and Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-12 (MOS SF-12) measures. Univariate and bivariate statistics were computed according to level of measurement. Findings The sample (N=112) was predominately comprised of Creoles (72 percent), females (78 percent), and mid-age (M=54.9, SD±16.4) adults with T2D (63 percent). For participants with T2D, A1C levels, on average, tended to be elevated (M=10.6, SD±2.5). Those with or at-risk for T2D tended to be obese with elevated body mass indices (M=31.7, SD±8.1; M=30.2, SD±6.0, respectively). For many participants, fresh vegetables (63 percent) and fruit (65 percent) were reported as ordinarily available but difficult to afford (91 and 90 percent, respectively). A majority reported that prescribed medication(s) were available without difficulty (56 percent), although most indicated difficulty in affording them (73 percent). A minority of participants with T2D reported receipt of diabetes education (46 percent). A1C levels did not significantly vary according to diabetes education received or not (M=10.9, SD±2.9; M=10.4, SD±2.5; t=−0.4, p=0.71). Participants at-risk for T2D were infrequently instructed, by a provider, to follow an exercise program (4.8 percent) or meal plan (4.8 percent) and receive diabetes education (2.38 percent). MOS SF-12 findings revealed participants with T2D (M=41.84, SD=8.9; M=37.8, SD±8.5) had significantly poorer mental and physical health quality of life relative to at-risk participants (M=45.6, SD±8.4; M=48.1, SD±9.5) (t=−2.9, p<0.01; t=−2.5, p=0.01). Research limitations/implications Salient physical environmental, medical environmental, and individual factors were identified in a sample of adults with or at-risk for T2D on Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast. Practical implications Findings informed the development of community-based clinics to address the problem of T2D locally. Social implications The community-based clinics, housed in trusted church settings, provide culturally competent care for underserved ethnic minority populations with or at-risk for T2D. Originality/value This is the first quantitative assessment of the T2D problem among diverse ethnic groups in Nicaragua’s underserved RAAS.

scholarly journals Predictors of Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golnaz Azami ◽  
Soh Kim Lam ◽  
Sazlina Shariff-Ghazali ◽  
Salmiah Mohd Said ◽  
Sanaz Aazami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Management ◽  
P Value ◽  
Efficacy Expectation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Management Behaviors

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition that requires consistent medical care to help control glycemic indices. Diabetes self-management is found to be essential for optimal glycemic control. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of diabetes self-management in adult with T2DM. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A purposive sample of 142 adults with T2DM attended an outpatient endocrine clinic in an academic hospital in Ilam, Iran was invited to participate in this study from September to October 2016. The data were collected using a combination of validated questionnaires and the blood sample. IBM SPSS software version 22 used to conduct the analysis. Hierarchical linear regression analysis with the stepwise method was used to explore the predictors of diabetes self-management.  Results: The mean age of participants was 54.2 ± (11.8) years. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.9 ± (7.4). Hierarchical linear regression analysis determined that self-management behaviors had positive relationship with efficacy expectation (B= 0.445, P-value< 0.01), quality of life (B= 0.222, P-value= 0.02), and has a negative relationship with HbA1c (B= -0.194, P-value= 0.01).  Conclusion: The result of our study indicate that better diabetes self-management behaviors can be predicted by higher efficacy expectation, the better quality of life and lower HbA1c levels. Future interventions should focus on enhancing efficacy expectation, quality of life and optimizing glycemic control to improve self-management of diabetes.

scholarly journals Association of health literacy and diabetes self-management: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padam K. Dahal ◽  
Hassan Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Randomised Control Trials

The purpose of this review is to summarise the existing evidence about the association of health literacy (HL) with type 2 diabetes mellitus self-management. The PubMed, Medline, CINHAL, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for randomised control trials of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) self-management and HL published between 2009 and 2018. Fourteen randomised control trials were included in this review. Our findings showed that HL was instrumental in improving diabetes knowledge, physical activity, self-efficacy and quality of life; however, its associations with glycaemic control, self-monitoring of blood glucose, foot care and medication adherence was inconclusive. Customized and community-based HL interventions were more efficient compared to patient-focused HL interventions. This review concludes that HL is key for T2DM self-management, but customised, structured and community-based interventions are more likely to yield better outcomes.

scholarly journals Using Focus Groups in Community-Based Participatory Research: Challenges and Resolutions

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Makosky Daley ◽  
Aimee S. James ◽  
Ezekiel Ulrey ◽  
Stephanie Joseph ◽  
Angelia Talawyma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Research Challenges

scholarly journals Self-management Behavior Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 556-562
Author(s):  
Tuan Van Nguyen ◽  
Wantonoro Wantonoro ◽  
Endang Koni Suryaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Behavior Interventions ◽  
Management Behavior ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Management Behaviors

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is chronic diseases with serious complications and reduces the quality of life of patients. Evidence based strategies to enhance diabetes self-management may prevent complications and enhance the quality of life for patients is needed. AIM: This study to summarize the types of intervention strategies used to enhance diabetes self-management behaviors in adult individuals type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHOD: This study was used Literature review randomized controlled trials study. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library data base were used. Jadad scale checklist was used to evaluate quality appraisal included in the study. RESULTS: Twenty-six randomized controlled trials studies were included in this review. Overall, quality of the studies was high-quality. Varied interventions included studies at different countries were found to enhance diabetes self-management behaviors in T2DM patients. In addition, almost type interventions were reported a significant enhancement diabetes self-management behaviors especially in adults with type 2 diabetes patients. CONCLUSION: Varied self-management behavior interventions in diabetes mellitus. This review suggested for investigate best intervention to enhance diabetes self-management behaviors in different cultural for best outcomes.

scholarly journals Developing a Shared Patient-Centered, Web-Based Medication Platform for Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Their Health Care Providers: Qualitative Study on User Requirements (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda Bernhard ◽  
Cornelia Mahler ◽  
Hanna Marita Seidling ◽  
Marion Stützle ◽  
Dominik Ose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Access Methods

BACKGROUND Information technology tools such as shared patient-centered, Web-based medication platforms hold promise to support safe medication use by strengthening patient participation, enhancing patients’ knowledge, helping patients to improve self-management of their medications, and improving communication on medications among patients and health care professionals (HCPs). However, the uptake of such platforms remains a challenge also due to inadequate user involvement in the development process. Employing a user-centered design (UCD) approach is therefore critical to ensure that user’ adoption is optimal. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify what patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their HCPs regard necessary requirements in terms of functionalities and usability of a shared patient-centered, Web-based medication platform for patients with T2DM. METHODS This qualitative study included focus groups with purposeful samples of patients with T2DM (n=25), general practitioners (n=13), and health care assistants (n=10) recruited from regional health care settings in southwestern Germany. In total, 8 semistructured focus groups were conducted. Sessions were audio- and video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to a computer-aided qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Appropriate security and access methods, supported data entry, printing, and sending information electronically, and tracking medication history were perceived as the essential functionalities. Although patients wanted automatic interaction checks and safety alerts, HCPs on the contrary were concerned that unspecific alerts confuse patients and lead to nonadherence. Furthermore, HCPs were opposed to patients’ ability to withhold or restrict access to information in the platform. To optimize usability, there was consensus among participants to display information in a structured, chronological format, to provide information in lay language, to use visual aids and customize information content, and align the platform to users’ workflow. CONCLUSIONS By employing a UCD, this study provides insight into the desired functionalities and usability of patients and HCPs regarding a shared patient-centered, Web-based medication platform, thus increasing the likelihood to achieve a functional and useful system. Substantial and ongoing engagement by all intended user groups is necessary to reconcile differences in requirements of patients and HCPs, especially regarding medication safety alerts and access control. Moreover, effective training of patients and HCPs on medication self-management (support) and optimal use of the tool will be a prerequisite to unfold the platform’s full potential.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document