Quantitative Comparative Immunohistology

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Semar ◽  
Gerhard Treser ◽  
Kurt Lange
Keyword(s):  
Biopsy Specimen ◽  
Quantitative Assay ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Resultant Solution

Abstract A quantitative assay for the determination of fluorescence of tissue sections stained with fluorescein-labeled antibodies using a fluorometer is described. Sequential microtome sections were stained with labeled antiserums, washed repeatedly with buffered saline, and digested with 20% (w/v) NaOH at 60° for 12 hr. The fluorescence of the resultant solution is then read in a fluorometer. There is similarity between sequential sections of the same biopsy specimen. Specific blocking procedures reduce the readings of the fluorescence markedly. By comparison with values obtained simultaneously from standard curves of the labeled antiserums used, the amount of bound antibody or specific proteins can be determined quantitatively.

A semi-micro quantitative assay for determination of chitinolytic activity in microorganisms

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina C. Evrall ◽  
Richard W. Attwell ◽  
Christopher A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assay ◽  
Chitinolytic Activity

scholarly journals PD-L1 testing as a way of personalizing the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Moskalenko ◽  
I. О. Vуnnуchenko ◽  
O. M. Smorodska ◽  
O. I. Vynnychenko ◽  
R. A Moskalenko
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Third Line Therapy ◽  
Third Line ◽  
Line Of Therapy ◽  
Combined Drugs

Lung cancer is one of the main causes of death from malignant neoplasm all around the world. For the purpose of personalized treatment immunohistochemical determination of specific proteins (biomarkers) presence in tissues and biological fluids is needed. Today management of patients with lung cancer is directly associated with determination of genes mutations: EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and rate of PD-L1 receptors expression. Depending on the PD-L1 expression level blockers of these receptors can be used as the first, supportive and second / third line therapy. As the first line of therapy for patients with high expression level of PD-L1 (≥ 50 % TPS) Pemblizomab is recommended, while for patients with moderate levels (PD-L1 1 – 49% TPS) PD-L1 blockers can be used only as a second / third line of therapy. In numerous clinical trials efficiency and safety of Pemrolizumab, Nivolumab and Atezolizumab have been proved. Testing of Avelumab, Durvalumab, as well as combined drugs – Ipilimumab and Tremilimumb are still going on.

scholarly journals High resolution spatial transcriptome analysis by photo-isolation chemistry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuki Honda ◽  
Shinya Oki ◽  
Akihito Harada ◽  
Kazumitsu Maehara ◽  
Kaori Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Complex Functions ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

ABSTRACTIn multicellular organisms, individual cells are characterized by their gene expression profiles and the spatial interactions among cells enable the elaboration of complex functions. Expression profiling in spatially defined regions is crucial to elucidate cell interactions and functions. Here, we established a transcriptome profiling method coupled with photo-isolation chemistry (PIC) that allows the determination of expression profiles specifically from photo-irradiated regions of whole tissues. PIC uses photo-caged oligodeoxynucleotides for in situ reverse transcription. After photo-irradiation of limited areas, gene expression was detected from at least 10 cells in the tissue sections. PIC transcriptome analysis detected genes specifically expressed in small distinct areas of the mouse embryo. Thus, PIC enables transcriptome profiles to be determined from limited regions at a spatial resolution up to the diffraction limit.

A rate nephelometer for measuring specific proteins by immunoprecipitin reactions.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1456-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Machine Readable

Abstract A kinetic nephelometric method and instrument have been developed for the rapid determination of specific serum proteins by means of immunoprecipitin reactions. The maximum rate of change of scattered light intensity in an antigen-antibody reaction can be made to occur within 60 s after initiation of the reaction and provides a measure of the antigen concentration under antibody excess conditions. A mathematical relationship has been found for the conversion of the nonlinear maximum rate data directly into a linear concentration read-out, making possible the use of single-point calibration. Instrument operating parameters and computations are programmed for a particular analysis by means of machine-readable cards. Antigen-excess samples are detected rapidly by injection of calibrator into the reaction mixture after the rate signal has dropped to a pre-selected level. The method correlates well with both radial immunodiffusion and end-point nephelometric methods.

Serial Determinations of PF4 and βTG: Comparisons Between Multiple Venipunctures vs a Catheter Infusion System

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (03) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Strauss ◽  
Guiseppe Cella ◽  
Charles Myers ◽  
Arthur A Sasahara
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Infusion System

SummaryPlatelet factor 4 (PF4) and beta thromboglobulin (βTG) are platelet-specific proteins which are released upon platelet aggregation and which can be accurately measured by radioimmunoassay. We devised a catheter-infusion system that enables serial determinations of these proteins.In 20 subjects (10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with stable coronary artery disease), we compared samples collected by individual venipunctures with those simultaneously obtained by means of a simple catheter-infusion system. At least 5 samples were obtained over a period of time which was as long as 60 min, and at least 30 min. Subjects with stable coronary artery disease were selected so that they would be expected to have stable and normal PF4 and βTG levels. Thus, elevations of either PF4 or βTG would represent artifacts secondary to sampling technique.Analysis of the results demonstrated that the catheter-infusion system was equivalent to individual venipunctures for determination of PF4 and βTG . 16.8% of samples obtained via the catheter and 17.2% of those obtained by individual venipunctures were spuriously elevated.A second series of studies were performed to refine the technique further by examining the impact of infusion rate and the addition of citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) to the infusate. Ten additional subjects had catheter systems utilized in both arms simultaneously. The addition of CPD resulted in significantly less abnormal values at slower infusion rates (1 and 2.5 cc/min). At 5 cc/min D5/w or saline alone are suitable.These investigations confirm that this simple catheter system is equivalent to individual venipunctures for determination of PF4 and βTG while avoiding patient discomfort. Also noted was the fact that a high percentage of determinations could be spuriously elevated by either technique under clinical demands. Thus, multiple determinations from the same subject are necessary to assure reproducibility.

PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SPECIFIC PROTEINS OF PREGNANCY IN WOMEN WITH A UTERINE AT SCAR AND PLACENTA ACCRETA

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatolyevich Borovkov ◽  
M. B. Igitova ◽  
Y. V. Korenovskiy ◽  
Yu. A. Dudareva
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Pregnancy Proteins ◽  
Diagnostic Thresholds ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Specific Proteins

Comparative analysis of serum concentrations of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) associated with the pregnancy of plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), based on the results of a survey of women as part of a standard screening program (the results were expressed as a MoM - multiply of the median), found a significant increase in the performance of all the studied specific pregnancy proteins in women with a scar on the uterus and placenta acctera (75 patients) compared with the data of the group of pregnant women without scar on the uterus and without abnormalities of attachment of the placenta (150 women). AFP indices were 1.68 ± 0.76 and 1.19 ± 0.43 MoM (p = 0.0018), hCG - 1.62 ± 1.48 and 1.23 ± 0.76 MoM (p = 0, 0112), PAPP-A - 1.93 ± 1.24 and 1.23 ± 0.67 MoM (p <0.0001). Using the ROC analysis, the diagnostic thresholds for the concentrations of AFP, hCG and PAPP-A were calculated. The risk of placenta accreta in women with a scar on the uterus in cases of exceeding the diagnostic threshold of AFP concentration (1.64 MoM) increased 2.5 times (RR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.17-5.36, p = 0, 0185), hCG (1.41 MoM) - 1.6 times (RR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.09-2.32, p = 0.0147), PAPP-A (1.41 MoM) - 2.65 times (RR = 2.65; 95% CI 1.76-3.99, p <0.0001). Determination of the level of specific pregnancy proteins can be used in the system of complex prediction of placental growth in pregnant women with a scar on the uterus as an addition to the assessment of clinical and anamnestic risk factors.

Quantitative determination of specific proteins in rat epididymis

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 671-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Kohane ◽  
J.C. Garberi ◽  
M.S. Cameo ◽  
J.A. Blaquier
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Rat Epididymis
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