scholarly journals Serum calcium levels in newly detected essential hypertensive patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539
Author(s):  
Arumugam Aashish ◽  
Jayasingh Kannaiyan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Significant Mortality

Background: Systemic hypertension is global disease responsible for significant mortality and morbidity. Essential or primary hypertension accounts for the majority of people with hypertension. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology of essential hypertension has grown a lot, its aetiology still remains hypothetical. Few studies in literature have found some correlation with serum calcium levels and blood pressure of the individuals.Methods: A total 200 patients, 100 newly diagnosed essential hypertensive and 100 normotensive patients were included in the study. A detailed history and clinical profile was taken. Blood sample was collected and serum calcium, serum albumin were determined and corrected calcium was calculated and the results were tabulated and appropriate statistical analysis was done.Results: The mean total serum calcium and corrected calcium levels were significantly lowered in essential hypertensive compared to the normotensive individuals. There was no correlation between total serum and corrected calcium levels against systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was also no difference in serum total and corrected calcium levels among different subsets in essential hypertensive group.Conclusion: Essential hypertension still remains the most common form of hypertension present worldwide causing significant mortality and morbidity. Despite increased advances in medicine and large number of studies done in context with the cause of essential hypertension, its aetiology still remains hypothetical. Even though studies have shown some correlation of calcium fractions with hypertension, the aetiology is still unclear.

A Membrane Ultrafiltration Procedure for Determining Diffusible Calcium in Serum

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Farese ◽  
Milton Mager ◽  
William F Blatt
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Normal Value ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean

Abstract A rapid, simple procedure is described for separating diffusible from proteinbound serum calcium by centrifugation through high-flux ultrafiltration membranes. The mean normal value for ultrafilterable calcium was 57.1% (range 52 to 61%) of the total serum calcium concentration.

A STUDY OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED CASES OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Deepak Jain ◽  
Ajith Thomas ◽  
Rajinder Singh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: The association of raised serum uric acid levels with various cardiovascular risk factors has often led to the debate of whether raised serum uric acid levels could be an independent risk factor in essential hypertension. Hence, the present study was conducted for assessing the serum uric acid levels in cases of essential hypertension and comparing them with normal healthy, non-hypertensive controls. Materials & Methods: Sixty patients visiting in the department of general medicine, MMIMSR with newly diagnosed cases of essential hypertension [according to the Indian guidelines on Hypertension(IGH) III-2013] , fullling the inclusion criteria and after verifying the exclusion criteria were nally taken up for the study. Sixty controls of age and sex matched were taken from the same catchment area. Results: The mean age of the subjects of the essential hypertension group and control group was found to be 45.75 years and 47.8 years respectively. Mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among the subjects of the essential hypertension group was 161.3 and 102.3 mm of Hg. Mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure among the subjects of the control group was 116.8 and 77.4 mm of Hg. Mean serum uric acid levels among the subjects of the essential hypertension group and control group was found to be 6.45 mg/dL and 5.57 mg/dLrespectively. Signicant results were obtained while comparing the mean serum uric acid levels among the subjects of the essential hypertension group and the control group. Hyperuricemia was present in 38.33 percent of the patients (23 patients) of the essential hypertension group and 13.33 percent of the patients (8 patients) of the control group. Signicant results were obtained while comparing the prevalence of hyperuricemia in between the two study groups.Conclusion: An independent relationship of elevated serum uric acid levels with hypertension and indicates the signicance of maintaining normal serum uric acid concentration to prevent hypertension.

INCREASED SERUM CALCIUM IS NOT COMMON IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM: A RETROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abu Tailakh ◽  
Ahmad Yahia ◽  
Ilia Polischuck ◽  
Yair Liel
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Normal Reference Range ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Serum calcium levels often decrease during acute illness in patients with an intact calcium-regulating system. However, the dynamics of serum calcium levels in hospitalized patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) have not yet been described. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively retrieved from the electronic medical records of patients with PHPT before, during, and after hospitalization for various reasons (excluding parathyroid surgery). Results: There were 99 nonselected patients with asymptomatic, hypercalcemic PHPT, hospitalized for various reasons; 42% were admitted for apparent infectious or septic conditions, and 58% were admitted for noninfectious conditions. Total serum calcium increased >0.5 mg/dL in 7.4% of the patients: 10.9% and 2.5% of the patients with noninfectious and infectious conditions, respectively. In 65.7% of the patients, the mean total serum calcium (TsCa), but not albumin-corrected calcium (corrCa), decreased significantly during hospitalization, down to below the upper limit of the reference range. Although prehospitalization TsCa and corrCa were similar in patients with infectious and noninfectious conditions, during hospitalization, TsCa was lower in patients with infectious conditions ( P = .02). Both TsCa and albumin returned to prehospitalization levels after recovery. Conclusion: TsCa increases in a minority of hospitalized PHPT patients. In the majority of hospitalized patients with PHPT, TsCa, but not corrCa, decreases to within the normal reference range, more so in patients with infectious conditions, obscuring the major characteristic of PHPT. Therefore, it is prudent to follow calcium and corrCa during hospitalization in patients with PHPT. Abbreviations: corrCa = albumin-corrected serum calcium; IQR = interquartile range; PHPT = primary hyperparathyroidism; PTH = parathyroid hormone; TsCa = total serum calcium

scholarly journals Correlation between corrected serum calcium and serum albumin in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in North central, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Ozohu A. Aliyu ◽  
Shamsudeen Mohammed ◽  
Yakubu Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical condition caused by alteration of glomerular membrane permeability resulting in a net loss of protein, and vitamin D binding proteins in urine leading to hypoalbuminaemia and hypocalcaemia. A positive correlation between serum albumin and ionized calcium in childhood nephrotic syndrome has been described but the correlation between total serum calcium or corrected serum calcium and serum albumin has not been extensively described.Methods: This study was carried out at Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia Nigeria. Fifteen children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome were recruited consecutively as the cases, 15 age and gender matched healthy children were recruited as the controls. Total serum calcium and albumin was assayed in all these children. Corrected serum calcium was calculated for the cases. Tests of correlation was carried out to see if there was any relationship between corrected or total serum calcium and serum albumin.Results: The mean total serum calcium and serum corrected calcium levels in the cases was 2.04±0.34 mmol/l and 2.5 mmol/l respectively. The mean total serum calcium was 2.12±0.32 mmol/l for the controls. The mean serum albumin level was 14.7±4.1 g/l and 34.6±2.7 mmol/l for the cases and controls respectively. A negative and weak correlation was found between serum albumin and corrected serum calcium and a similar negative correlation between serum albumin and total serum calcium.Conclusions: The common reports of a positive correlation between serum ionized calcium and serum albumin cannot be applied to total or corrected serum calcium and serum albumin.

The Reference Intervals Used in Pediatric Medical Analysis Laboratories to Interpret the Results Analysis for Total Serum Calcium

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-245
Author(s):  
Elisabeta Antonescu ◽  
Maria Totan ◽  
Gheorghe Cornel Boitor ◽  
Julianna Szakacs ◽  
Sinziana Calina Silisteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Electronic Archive ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Analysis Laboratory ◽  
Medical Analysis

Medical analysis laboratory must establish its own reference intervals depending on the facilities they are working with, the working substances and protocols. These reference intervals must be obtained depending on age groups in order to accurately interpret the results of the analyzes performed. The study is a retrospective one using 3217 data from the electronic archive of the S.C. Vladutiu&Garabedian S.R.L. Clinic in Medias. Total serum calcium was determined by the colorimetric method on the Konelab analyzer. Processing of the collected data was done using the Hoffmann method, considering 5% up to 95% of the values in the database, the values being randomly selected. For comparison, data from the literature was used. In children under 1 year old, it was not possible to calculate the reference intervals since data was insufficient. In the other age groups, reference intervals obtained in the current study were similar to the studied literature. Reference intervals established for calcium can provide important guidance for the reasonable supplementation of this essential element in children.

scholarly journals Association of dietary calcium intake, total and ionized serum calcium levels with preeclampsia in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel D. Gebreyohannes ◽  
Ahmed Abdella ◽  
Wondimu Ayele ◽  
Ahizechukwu C. Eke
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Total Serum Calcium Level

Abstract Background Preeclampsia is a well-known cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in Ethiopia. The exact pathophysiology has not been fully understood. Calcium and magnesium deficiencies have been given emphasis to play roles in the pathophysiology. Although evidence is abundant, they are equivocal. The study aimed to see the association of dietary calcium intake, serum total calcium level and ionized calcium level with preeclampsia. It also evaluated the association between dietary calcium intake and serum calcium levels. Materials and methods An unmatched case–control study was conducted in Gandhi Memorial, Tikur Anbessa, and Zewditu Memorial Hospitals, all in Addis Ababa, between October to December, 2019. Cases were 42 women with preeclampsia and controls were 42 normotensive women. The medical and obstetric history was gathered using a structured questionnaire and the dietary calcium intake information using a 24-h dietary recall. The serum levels of total serum calcium and ionized (free) calcium were measured using an inductively coupled mass spectrophotometer. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression and Pearson correlation test were utilized during data analysis. Results In comparison with controls, women with preeclampsia had lower mean (± 1SD) levels of ionized calcium level (1.1 mmol/l ± 0.11), total serum calcium level (1.99 mmol/l ± 0.35) and lower median (IQR) dietary calcium intake (704 mg/24 h,458–1183). The odds of having preeclampsia was almost eight times greater in those participants with low serum ionized calcium level (OR 7.5, 95% CI 2.388–23.608) and three times higher in those with low total serum calcium level (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.024–9.370). Low dietary calcium intake also showed statistically significant association with preeclampsia (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.092 -10.723). Serum ionized calcium level and total serum calcium level showed positive correlation of moderate strength (p = 0.004, r = 0.307), but no correlation was found between dietary calcium intake with both forms of serum calcium levels. Conclusion This study showed significant association between low dietary calcium intake and low serum calcium levels with preeclampsia, hence this can be used as a supportive local evidence for the current context-specific recommendation of calcium supplementation in societies with low-dietary calcium consumption in an attempt to prevent preeclampsia, therefore implementation study should be considered in Ethiopia to look for the feasibility of routine supplementation.

Fluoride Ingestion in Children: A Review of 87 Cases

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-912
Author(s):  
W. Lynn Augenstein ◽  
David G. Spoerke ◽  
Ken W. Kulig ◽  
Alan H. Hall ◽  
Priscilla K. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Poison Center ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Fluoride Treatment ◽  
Total Serum Calcium

All cases of fluoride ingestion in children younger than 12 years old reported to the Rocky Mountain Poison Center between January 1 and December 31, 1986, were retrospectively reviewed. Eighty-seven cases were identified. Eighty-four cases involved accidental ingestion of dental fluoride products in the home (tablets, drops, rinses) in children 8 months to 6 years old. Two older children (8 and 9 years old) became symptomatic after fluoride treatment by a dentist. A 13-month-old child died after ingesting an unknown amount of sodium fluoride insecticide, the only insecticide exposure in our series. Postmortem total serum calcium value was 4.8 mg/dL (normal 8.8 to 10.3). No other patients had serious symptoms or sequelae. Twenty-six (30%) of 87 became symptomatic, with gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain) in 25 patients and drowsiness in 1. Only 3 patients became symptomatic later than 1 hour after ingestion. Analysis of data from 70 cases with sufficient information revealed that as the amount of fluoride ingested increased, the percentage of patients with symptoms increased. Not including the fatal case, 6 patients had serum calcium levels measured, and all were normal. Children who ingested up to 8.4 mg/kg of elemental fluoride in dental products had mild and self-limited symptoms, mostly gastrointestinal.

Solitary Kidney and Ageing as Causes of Low Renin and Aldosterone Concentrations: Relevance to ‘Low-Renin’ Essential Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 177s-180s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gordon ◽  
Freda Doran ◽  
M. Thomas ◽  
Frances Thomas ◽  
P. Cheras
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
The Mean

1. As experimental models of reduced nephron population in man, (a) twelve men aged 15–32 years who had one kidney removed 1–13 years previously and (b) fourteen normotensive men aged 70–90 years were studied. Results were compared with those in eighteen normotensive men aged 18–28 years and eleven men aged 19–33 years with essential hypertension. 2. While the subjects followed a routine of normal diet and daily activity, measurements were made, after overnight recumbency and in the fasting state, of plasma volume and renin activity on one occasion in hospital and of blood pressure on five to fourteen occasions in the home. Blood pressure was also measured after standing for 2 min and plasma renin activity after 1 h standing, sitting or walking. Twenty-four hour urinary aldosterone excretion was also measured. 3. The measurements were repeated in the normotensive subjects and subjects in (a) and (b) above after 10 days of sodium-restricted diet (40 mmol of sodium/day). 4. The mean plasma renin activity (recumbent) in essential hypertensive subjects was higher than in normotensive subjects. In subjects of (a) and (b) above, it was lower than normotensive subjects, and was not increased by dietary sodium restriction in subjects of (a). 5. The mean aldosterone excretion level was lower in old normotensive subjects than in the other groups, and increased in each group after dietary sodium restriction. 6. Mean plasma volume/surface area was not different between the four groups and in normotensive, essential hypertensive and nephrectomized subjects but not subjects aged 70–90 years was negatively correlated with standing diastolic blood pressure.

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