Immobilized Glucose Oxidase Used to Measure Glucose in Serum

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1018-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J Kunz ◽  
Milos Stastny
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
Controlled Pore Glass ◽  
Maximum Reaction ◽  
Pore Glass ◽  
Immobilized Glucose Oxidase ◽  
One Year ◽  
Analytical System

Abstract We report an analytical system in which glucose oxidase immobilized on controlled-pore glass is used. The immobilized glucose oxidase was packed in a column that was part of a continuous-flow system. Oxygen depletion of the buffer was measured with a Clark-type electrode, and the resulting data were stored on tape and then evaluated with a PDP-12 computer. The relative advantages of several measurement approaches are given: (a) an endpoint method for prediluted sample, (b) an endpoint method for discrete, undiluted 9-µl samples, and (c) a maximum reaction rate measurement with discrete, undiluted samples. Catalase and mutarotase interferences were considered and found insignificant under the conditions chosen. The effects of protein, fluoride, and oxalate were determined. The column can be re-used for at least 1000 samples. Useful storage life of the immobilized glucose oxidase preparation, measured at intervals during a year, exceeded one year at room temperature.

Some features of the gas phase oxidation of n -butenes

1963 ◽  
Vol 272 (1349) ◽  
pp. 164-191 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
Oxygen System ◽  
Maximum Reaction ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Gas Phase Oxidation ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
The Individual

Conventional kinetic techniques (static and flow systems) have been used in conjunction with an integral gas chromatographic analytical system in a study of the oxidation behaviour of butene-1, cis butene-2 and trans butene-2. The cis and trans isomers of butene-2 behaved indistinguishably. All three olefins gave qualitatively the same products, but butene-1 differed in the proportions of the individual products formed, and also in oxidation rate. A mechanism, based on that previously proposed for the ethylene + oxygen system, has been found to account for these differences. The ethylene mechanism is only possible, however, because of the slow rate of oxidation of the allylic type radicals easily formed in the reactions. The relative stability of these radicals provides a natural explanation of the phenomenon of self-inhibition observed in olefin + oxygen reactions. The discontinuous production of intermediate substances noted during the oxidation of butene-2 at high reaction rates, provides further evidence for a thermal theory of cool-fiame formation. Acetaldehyde has been found to be the degenerate branching agent and the maximum reaction rate of these systems was found to be identically related to the concentration of this substance.

scholarly journals Entrapment of Glucose Oxidase in Reverse Micelle Microemulsion Systems for Glucose Detection in Lipid Based Food Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2635-2641
Author(s):  
Lovnish Siyal ◽  
Benu Kumar ◽  
Arpita Bhattacharya ◽  
Rachana Sahney
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Reverse Micelle ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Microemulsion System ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Activity Maximum ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
New Information ◽  
Maximum Reaction ◽  
Turn Over

Entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme in a new reverse micelle emulsion system was studied. The microemulsion consists of aqueous phase (buffered enzyme)/SPAN 85/n-decane. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant-SPAN 85 in n-decane was determined using dynamic light scattering study and it was used to develop microemulsion system. Most stable and optically transparent microemulsion with entrapped glucose oxidase showed higher values of specific enzyme activity, maximum reaction rate (Vmax) and turn over number and low value of Michaelis-constant (Km) in comparison to homogeneous GOx (enzyme-glucose oxidase) system. The microemulsion system was successfully used to quantify D-glucose in lipid based food products without any sample preparation. Comparison of these results with chemical method (phenol-sulfuric acid method) and commercial kit method used in food industry validate the efficiency of the new proposed system. The study provides new information about the glucose content of some commonly consumed milk based products where nutritional labels do not accurately show true glucose content. These findings provide support for comprehensive glucose labeling to food products commonly used by the children.

Biodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in a fluidized bed reactor with immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-ming Li ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Xiu Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
Monod Equation ◽  
Continuous Bioreactor ◽  
Maximum Reaction

The performance of a fluidized bed reactor using immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium to remove 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solution was investigated. The contribution of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) secreted by Phanerochaete chrysosporium to the 2,4-DCP degradation was examined. Results showed that Lip and Mnp were not essential to 2,4-DCP degradation while their presence enhanced the degradation process and reaction rate. In sequential batch experiment, the bioactivity of immobilized cells was recovered and improved during the culture and the maximum degradation rate constant of 13.95 mg (Ld)−1 could be reached. In continuous bioreactor test, the kinetic behavior of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium immobilized on loofa sponge was found to follow the Monod equation. The maximum reaction rate was 7.002 mg (Lh)−1, and the saturation constant was 26.045 mg L−1.

Immobilized glucose oxidase used in the continuous-flow determination of serum glucose.

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
L P León ◽  
S Narayanan ◽  
R Dellenbach ◽  
C Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Immobilized Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
Single Enzyme

Abstract We used a tubular glucose-oxidase wall reactor in the "AutoAnalyzer II" continuous-flow analytical system to determine glucose in blood serum. Sensitivity was high and wash characteristics were satisfactory with use of a 30-cm tube containing immobilized glucose oxidase. Results compared favorably with those of the conventional free-enzyme method. More than 25000 such assays can be performed with a single enzyme tube, which also shows long-term storage stability. Because of the steady-state chemistry 60 samples can be analyzed per hour. The linearity of the method is excellent and sample interaction from 5.0 to 1.0 g/liter is less than 5%. Results correlate well (greater than 0.993) with those obtained with both the neocuproine method used in the "SMA 12/60" multichannel analytical system and the free glucose oxidase method used in the AutoAnalyzer.

Basic Studies on Anaerobic Degradation of Glucose in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Michimasa Nakamura ◽  
Atsushi Sakai ◽  
Jun'ichiro Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Maximum Reaction Rate ◽  
Maximum Reaction ◽  
Total Volatile Fatty Acid

The two series of the characteristics of anaerobic degradation of low glucose concentrations were investigated. In the first series, the pH value in each reactor was not controlled. In the second series, the pH value in each reactor was controlled in the range of 6.9–7.2, by adding sodium bicarbonate into each influent. The ORP value was depressed by controlling the pH value of each reactor from acid range to approximately neutral range. In the pH uncontrolled series, the pH value in outflow decreased with increasing glucose concentration. In the pH uncontrolled series, produced total volatile fatty acid was about 70 to 550 mg/l; on the other hand, in pH controlled series, produced total volatile fatty acid was about 50 mg/l to 350 mg/l. The highest concentrations of acids formed were acetic acids, the second highest formed were propionic acids, the last formed were butyric acids. In the pH uncontrolled series, the maximum reaction rate constant Vm was 0.749 gCOD/gVS · day and the saturation constant Ks = 0.435 g/l. On the other hand, in the pH controlled series, the maximum reaction rate constant Vm was 1.441 gCOD/gVS · day and the saturation constant Ks = 0.739 g/l. Thus by controlling the pH value of the reactor, the activities of the anaerobic bacteria were much enhanced.

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