Development of instrumentation and fluorochromes for automated multiparameter analysis of cells.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1492-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Leif ◽  
R A Thomas ◽  
T A Yopp ◽  
B D Watson ◽  
V R Guarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Holographic Grating ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser ◽  
Multiparameter Analysis ◽  
Automated Instrument

Abstract We have developed and interfaced to a computer an automated instrument (the AMAC III) which is designed to observe simultaneously several physical parameters of cells. Typical parameters include electronic cell volume (Coulter effect), RF amplitude (opacity), multiwavelength fluorescence of cytological stains, and cell light-scattering. The use of a new ultraviolet laser combined with a holographic grating spectrograph promises to increase the number of fluorescing species that can be detected simultaneously. This number can be further increased by use of special rare-earth-based fluorochromes, that emit well-defined, spectrally distinct peaks.

scholarly journals Measurement of rapid changes in cell volume by forward light scattering

2003 ◽  
Vol 447 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Srinivas ◽  
Joseph A. Bonanno ◽  
Els Larivi�re ◽  
Danny Jans ◽  
Willy Van Driessche
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Rapid Changes

Effect of Physical Parameters on the Stirred Separation Process in Rare Earth Extraction System

2014 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Wang Shuchan ◽  
Zhang Zimu ◽  
Zhang Ting-An ◽  
Zhao Qiuyue ◽  
Liu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Extraction System ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Rare Earth Extraction

ChemInform Abstract: Determination of Physical Parameters in 4f-3d Intermetallics by Rare Earth Moeβbauer Spectroscopy

ChemInform ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. M. GUBBENS ◽  
A. M. VAN DER KRAAN ◽  
K. H. J. BUSCHOW
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Physical Parameters

Ternary Gallides REMgGa (RE = Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm–Tm, Lu) – Synthesis and Crystal Chemistry

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 827-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Kraft ◽  
Martin Valldor ◽  
Rainer Pöttgen
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Coordination Number ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gallium Atom ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trigonal Prismatic Coordination ◽  
Trigonal Prismatic

The title compounds have been synthesized by reacting the elements in sealed niobium or tantalum tubes in a high-frequency furnace. They crystallize with the hexagonal ZrNiAl type structure, space group P62m. All gallides have been characterized through their X-ray powder diffractogram. The cell volume decreases from the lanthanum to the lutetium compound as expected from the lanthanoid contraction. The structures of LaMgGa, PrMgGa, NdMgGa, SmMgGa and TmMgGa have been refined from single crystal diffractometer data. The structures contain two crystallographically independent gallium sites which both have a trigonal prismatic coordination: Ga1 by six RE and Ga2 by six Mg atoms. These trigonal prisms are capped on the rectangular sites by three Mg (RE) atoms, leading to coordination number 9 for each gallium atom. Together, the gallium and magnesium atoms form a three-dimensional [MgGa] network in which the rare earth atoms fill distorted hexagonal channels. Within the network the magnesium atoms have short Mg-Mg contacts, i. e. 312 pm in SmMgGa. The Mg-Ga distances in that gallide range from 284 to 287 pm. Bonding in the network is thus governed by strong Mg-Ga and Mg-Mg bonding. EuMgGa crystallizes with the orthorhombic TiNiSi type: Pnma, a = 783.1(2), b = 472.8(1), c = 829.8(2) pm.

scholarly journals Vibrational, Thermal, and Physical Characterizations of Some Zinc Niobo Tellurite Glasses Doped with Rare Earth (Eu, Dy)-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Afrash Ejigu A ◽  
K.P. Ramesh ◽  
Gajanan Honnavar
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Tellurite Glasses ◽  
Rare Earth Ion ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Doped Glasses

In this communication, we report physical and thermal properties along with Raman spectroscopic investigations on Zinc Niobo Tellurite glass systems doped with Eu2O3 and Dy2O3 at the expense of TeO2. The glasses have been synthesized by the melt quenching technique. Physical parameters like density, molar volume, packing density were estimated. The density of the un-doped glasses increases with increasing mol% of the modifier (ZnO) whereas the glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases. We have observed an increase in the density of the base glass systems which are doped with rare earth (RE) dopants. The packing density of the un-doped glasses remains almost constant with increasing modifier content suggesting that there is not much change in the local environment. Raman spectra were recorded at room temperature and assigned to TeO4 and TeO3 structural units in these glasses. The peak shift, full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the de-convoluted Raman peaks were analyzed to get information about the local environment. It is observed that these compositions of tellurite glasses are good host materials for rare earth ions as they offer voids in the network. Further, it was observed that the rare earth ion doping has not affected the local environment of the glasses; Dy3+ ions have a slightly higher tendency to polarize Te-O bonds than the Eu3+ ions. Keywords: Niobium-based tellurite glasses, XRD, DSC, FTIR.

scholarly journals Reflection coefficient and permeability of urea and ethylene glycol in the human red cell membrane.

1983 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Levitt ◽  
H J Mlekoday
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Membrane ◽  
Nacl Concentration

The reflection coefficient (sigma) and permeability (P) of urea and ethylene glycol were determined by fitting the equations of Kedem and Katchalsky (1958) to the change in light scattering produced by adding a permeable solute to a red cell suspension. The measurements incorporated three important modifications: (a) the injection artifact was eliminated by using echinocyte cells; (b) the use of an additional adjustable parameter (Km), the effective dissociation constant at the inner side of the membrane; (c) the light scattering is not directly proportional to cell volume (as is usually assumed) because refractive index and scattering properties of the cell depend on the intracellular permeable solute concentration. This necessitates calibrating for known changes in refractive index (by the addition of dextran) and cell volume (by varying the NaCl concentration). The best fit was for sigma = 0.95, Po = 8.3 X 10(-4) cm/s, and Km = 100 mM for urea and sigma = 1.0, Po = 3.9 X 10(-4) cm/s, and Km = 30 mM for ethylene glycol. The effects of the inhibitors copper, phloretin, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonate, and 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitro) benzoic acid on the urea, ethylene glycol, and water permeability were determined. The results suggest that there are three separate, independent transport systems: one for water, one for urea and related compounds, and one for ethylene glycol and glycerol.

The Gel Route to Yttrium Oxide

1988 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ribot ◽  
C. Sanchez ◽  
J. Livage
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Yttrium Oxide ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sol Gel Process

ABSTRACTSynthesis of pure Y2O3 Powders have been performed through the sol-gel process. Stable colloids in the range of 500 Å to 2000 Å have been obtained by hydroxylation of yttrium-aquo ions performed through an anion exchange resin.The chemical nature of these sols and gels investigated by GTA, DTA and EXAFS is in close agreement with Y(OH)3nH2O. Scattering experiments (S.A.N.S, S.A.X.S, light scattering) show that these colloids are made of anisotropie particles, that can be described as platelets 30 Å thick, 500 Å large and a few thousand Angstroms long.This synthesis can be extended to other rare earth colloids.

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