Handbook of Physiology, Section 3: The Respiratory System, Vol. IV, Gas Exchange. A.P. Fishman, L.E. Farhi, S.M. Tenney, and S.R. Geiger, Eds., Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society, 1987, xi + 468 pp, $165.00. ISBN 0-683-03039-6

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2328-2329
Author(s):  
Samuel Natelson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
American Physiological Society ◽  
Physiology Section

Words used by the breathless patient in COPD and enhancing therapeutic care

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Susan Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Distressing Symptom ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Care

Shortness of breath, dyspnoea and breathlessness are collective terms to describe the awareness of inadequate gas exchange within the respiratory system. Varying mechanisms, behavioural and physiological changes are caused by this ventilation–perfusion mismatch. This complex sensation encompasses many diverse concepts. The spectrum of language and words used as a consequence of this sensation vary from quality and intensity to emotions and feelings. Matching the phrases to the cause supports understanding. Studies reviewed produced clusters of verbal descriptors which reflect the multidimensional input as a consequence of being out of breath. Using these clusters has produced a comprehensive list of twelve words known as ‘The Dyspnoea 12’ which, when used, quantifies the severity of this debilitating and extremely distressing symptom. Could these verbal descriptors be used to aid the assessment and treatment of their cause in service users and provide a more holistic view to a widespread problem?

Is formative assessment an effective way to improve learning? A symposium at Experimental Biology 2008

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Cliff ◽  
Scott Freeman ◽  
Penelope A. Hansen ◽  
Jonathan D. Kibble ◽  
Mary Peat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Summative Assessment ◽  
Experimental Biology ◽  
American Physiological Society ◽  
Physiology Section

Formative assessment is designed to provide information about students' learning to help them and their teachers to identify deficiencies and misconceptions. It differs from summative assessment, which aims to rank students according to their achievements to determine which students pass or fail or to assign grades to students. This article reports on a symposium concerned with evidence for the effectiveness of formative assessment in improving learning. It was presented by the Teaching of Physiology Section of the American Physiological Society at the Experimental Biology Meeting of 2008.

Excretion-retention diagram to evaluate gas exchange properties of vertebrate respiratory systems

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (3) ◽  
pp. R329-R338
Author(s):  
A. Zwart ◽  
S. C. Luijendijk
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Respiratory Systems ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Ventilation And Perfusion

Excretion [E = (PE - PI)/(PV - PI)] and retention [R = (Pa - PI)/(PV -PI)]are completely model-free defined variables which describe the dual input-output black-box representation of vertebrate respiratory systems under steady-state conditions. In the excretion-retention diagram (E-R diagram), E is plotted as a function of R. The application of the principle of mass conservation confines the possible combinations of E and R for a gas with a blood-gas partition coefficient, lambda, in a respiratory system with an overall ventilation, VT, and an overall perfusion, QT, to E = (lambda QT/VT) (1 - R). In general, E can be described as a continuous function of R. The mathematical formulation of this function depends on the configuration of the respiratory system. Easily recognizable curvatures are obtained for counter-cross, and cocurrent systems with and without parallel inhomogeneities. Visual inspection of actual E and R data displayed in an E-R diagram therefore allows the correct choice of the configuration of the respiratory system to be eventually used for further parameter estimation schemes. The E-R diagram is also a powerful tutorial tool for visualizing the complex relationships between the gas exchange of agents with different physical properties and the consequences of changes in ventilation and perfusion distribution within the respiratory system on gas transport.

Isolated muscle cells as a physiological model

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (3) ◽  
pp. C349-C363 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lieberman ◽  
S. D. Hauschka ◽  
Z. W. Hall ◽  
B. R. Eisenberg ◽  
R. Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
American Physiological Society ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Cell Purification ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Physiology Section

Summary of a symposium presented by the American Physiological Society (Cell and General Physiology Section and Muscle Group) at the 70th Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, St. Louis, Missouri, April 15, 1986, chaired by M. Lieberman and F. Fay. This symposium reflects a growing interest in seeking new technologies to study the basic physiological and biophysical properties of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle cells. Recognizing that technical and analytical problems associated with multicellular preparations limit the physiological significance of many experiments, investigators have increasingly focused on efforts to isolate single, functional embryonic, and adult muscle cells. Progress in obtaining physiologically relevant preparations has been both rapid and significant even though problems regarding cell purification and viability are not fully resolved. The symposium draws attention to a broad, though incomplete, range of studies using isolated or cultured muscle cells. Based on the following reports, investigators should be convinced that a variety of experiments can be designed with preparations of isolated cells and those in tissue culture to resolve questions about fundamental physiological properties of muscle cells.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document