Falsely low estimation of triglycerides in lipemic plasma by the enzymatic triglyceride method with modified Trinder's chromogen

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Shephard ◽  
M J Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Linear Range ◽  
Enzymatic Assay ◽  
Negative Interference

Abstract The enzymatic assay of triglyceride, based on the use of L-glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.21) and a modified Trinder's chromogen involving 4-chlorophenol, is subject to strong negative interference at concentrations of triglyceride greater than 20 mmol/L, such as occur in grossly lipemic plasma. This interference is caused by the rapid utilization of oxygen, resulting in the reaction becoming transiently anaerobic. The dye product already formed may then be reduced ("bleached") by acting as an alternative electron acceptor for glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase. Reduction of the dye leads to a marked decrease in final absorbance at 505 nm. Grossly underestimated values for triglyceride concentrations, apparently within the linear range of the assay, may therefore be inadvertently obtained with equilibrium methods. We suggest that samples giving unexpectedly low results for lipemic plasma should be re-assayed after dilution or with use of a smaller volume of sample.

Negative Interference by Ethamsylate In Enzymatic Assay of Serum Creatinine Involving Peroxidase-Coupled Reaction

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Fushimi ◽  
Akemi Suminoe ◽  
Masayoshi Yasuhara ◽  
Etsuji Suehisa ◽  
Masahiko Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Enzymatic Assay ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Coupled Reaction

CHANGES IN THE METABOLISM OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS IN THE VARIOUS PHASES OF ACROMEGALY AND FOLLOWING THE IMPLANTATION OF THE PITUITARY GLAND WITH 90Y

1961 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Molinatti ◽  
F. Camanni ◽  
O. Losana ◽  
M. Olivetti
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcium Retention ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

ABSTRACT A study of calcium and phosphorus metabolism has been carried out on 13 acromegalic patients, in various stages of the disease. This study was repeated in nine patients following implantation of the pituitary gland with 90Y and in another two patients after deep X-ray therapy and suction removal of a pituitary adenoma respectively. Increased urinary calcium and phosphorus excretion was found in all the patients in whom the disease was in an active phase of evolution. The calcium tolerance test revealed a marked decrease of calcium retention in certain subjects, while in others, calcium retention was found to be increased. Such changes were not found in patients in whom the disease was in a quiescent phase. The blood calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were found to be either normal or slightly increased. The implantation of the pituitary gland with 90Y and deep X-ray therapy induced a marked decrease of hypercalciuria, both spontaneous and induced, and of hyperphosphaturia, together with a definite improvement, of the clinical picture and glucose metabolism. It is concluded that the changes in calcium and phosphorus metabolism described above depend either directly or indirectly on a pituitary factor. They may therefore prove a reliable index for assessing pituitary growth hormone activity.

PLASMA CORTISOL, CORTICOSTERONE AND NON-PROTEIN-BOUND CORTISOL IN EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Uozumi ◽  
H. Manabe ◽  
Y. Kawashima ◽  
Y. Hamanaka ◽  
Y. Monden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Effective Factor

ABSTRACT The response of plasma cortisol, corticosterone and non-protein-bound cortisol in the extracorporeal circulation was investigated in 14 patients. The pre-perfusion levels of plasma cortisol, corticosterone and non-protein-bound cortisol were significantly elevated. During and immediately after perfusion, the levels of cortisol and corticosterone were found to decrease significantly from the pre-perfusion levels, while the percentage of non-protein-bound cortisol was shown to increase significantly. This indicates a marked decrease in cortisol binding capacity of plasma during extracorporeal circulation. Moreover in 200 plasma samples, it was demonstrated that the cortisol level increased markedly and the cortisol binding capacity decreased slightly during and shortly after major surgery without perfusion. It is concluded that stressful situations in major surgery with or without perfusion are associated with markedly increased levels of biologically active non-protein-bound cortisol. The elevated level of non-protein-bound cortisol in surgery seems to be dependent on the increase in the level of plasma cortisol as well as on the decrease in the cortisol binding capacity of plasma. Although the increased plasma cortisol plays the most important role in surgery with no perfusion, the decreased cortisol binding capacity may be the more effective factor involved during perfusion.

EFFECT OF STRESS ON THE PROFILE OF PLASMA STEROIDS IN BABOONS (PAPIO HAMADRYAS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Goncharov ◽  
A. G. Taranov ◽  
A. V. Antonichev ◽  
V. M. Gorlushkin ◽  
T. Aso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Plasma Steroids ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

ABSTRACT Adult baboons (5 males and 5 females) were exposed to immobilization stress by being strapped to a table in a horizontal position for 2 h. In females the experiment was performed during both the follicular and luteal phase. Peripheral blood was withdrawn at frequent intervals, the first sample just before immobilization, and the last one 3 days later. A number of steroids were measured in blood plasma samples by radioimmunoassay (17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, pregnenolone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, oestrone, oestradiol) or competitive protein binding (cortisol) techniques. The cortisol levels exhibited a marked increase in both sexes. This increase was observed already during the immobilization and lasted for approximately 24 h. A similar, even more pronounced increase was seen in 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and pregnenolone levels. A marked, long-lasting (72 h) decrease of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels was a consistent finding in male baboons. This was not observed in the females which, on the other hand, exhibited a marked decrease (duration 48 h) of progesterone and 20α-dihydroprogesterone levels during the luteal phase, and a significant decrease (duration > 24 h) of oestradiol and oestrone concentrations during the follicular phase. It is concluded that stress has a marked inhibitory action on gonadal function both in male and female baboons. In females the inhibition of steroidogenetic function is exerted both on the ovarian follicles and on the corpus luteum.

The influence of potassium dichromate on dissimilatory reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by bacteria Desulfovibrio sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
O. M. Moroz ◽  
S. O. Hnatush ◽  
Ch. I. Bohoslavets ◽  
T. M. Hrytsun’ ◽  
B. M. Borsukevych
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Anaerobic Respiration ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Nitrate Ions ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Sulfate reducing bacteria, capable to reductive transformation of different nature pollutants, used in biotechnologies of purification of sewage, contaminated by carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and metal compounds. H2S formed by them sediment metals to form of insoluble sulfides. Number of metals can be used by these microorganisms as electron acceptors during anaerobic respiration. Because under the influence of metal compounds observed slowing of bacteria metabolism, selection isolated from technologically modified ecotops resistant to pollutions strains is important task to create a new biotechnologies of purification. That’s why the purpose of this work was to study the influence of potassium dichromate, present in medium, on reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by sulfate reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans IMV K-6, Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-6 and Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-8, isolated from Yavorivske Lake, to estimate the efficiency of possible usage of these bacteria in technologies of complex purification of environment from dangerous pollutants. Bacteria were cultivated in modified Kravtsov-Sorokin medium without SO42- and FeCl2×4H2O for 10 days. To study the influence of K2Cr2O7 on usage by bacteria SO42- or NO3- cells were seeded to media with Na2SO4×10H2O or NaNO3 and K2Cr2O7 at concentrations of 1.74 mM for total content of electron acceptors in medium 3.47 mM (concentration of SO42- in medium of standard composition). Cells were also seeded to media with 3.47 mM Na2SO4×10H2O, NaNO3 or K2Cr2O7 to investigate their growth in media with SO42-, NO3- or Cr2O72- as sole electron acceptor (control). Biomass was determined by turbidymetric method, content of sulfate, nitrate, dichromate, chromium (III) ions, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia ions in cultural liquid – by spectrophotometric method. It was found that K2Cr2O7 inhibits growth (2.2 and 1.3 times) and level of reduction by bacteria sulfate or nitrate ions (4.2 and 3.0 times, respectively) at simultaneous addition into cultivation medium of 1.74 mM SO42- or NO3- and 1.74 mM Cr2O72-, compared with growth and level of reduction of sulfate or nitrate ions in medium only with SO42- or NO3- as sole electron acceptor. Revealed that during cultivation of bacteria in presence of equimolar amount of SO42- or NO3- and Cr2O72-, last used by bacteria faster, content of Cr3+ during whole period of bacteria cultivation exceeded content H2S or NH4+. K2Cr2O7 in medium has most negative influence on dissimilatory reduction by bacteria SO42- than NO3-, since level of nitrate ions reduction by cells in medium with NO3- and Cr2O72- was a half times higher than level of sulfate ions reduction by it in medium with SO42- and Cr2O72-. The ability of bacteria Desulfovibrio sp. to priority reduction of Cr2O72- and after their exhaustion − NO3- and SO42- in the processes of anaerobic respiration can be used in technologies of complex purification of environment from toxic compounds.

Professional pathology in the production of aluminum in the Kola Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 767-767
Author(s):  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
S. A. Gorbanev
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Aluminium Production ◽  
First Time

In 2007-2017, 22 occupational diseases were diagnosed for the first time in 18 workers engaged in aluminium production in the Arctic. A marked decrease in occupational morbidity in 2010-2017 was found, which was not associated with changes in working conditions and therefore requires an appropriate scientific explanation.

Enrichment and characterization of an anaerobic methyl ethyl ketoxime degrading culture from an anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic activated sludge sequencing batch reactor

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy G. Love ◽  
Mary E. Rust ◽  
Kathy C. Terlesky
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Methyl Ethyl

An anaerobic enrichment culture was developed from an anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic activated sludge sequencing batch reactor using methyl ethyl ketoxime (MEKO), a potent nitrification inhibitor, as the sole carbon and energy source in the absence of molecular oxygen and nitrate. The enrichment culture was gradually fed decreasing amounts of biogenic organic compounds and increasing concentrations of MEKO over 23 days until the cultures metabolized the oxime as the sole carbon source; the cultures were maintained for an additional 41 days on MEKO alone. Turbidity stabilized at approximately 100 mg/l total suspended solids. Growth on selective media plates confirmed that the microorganisms were utilizing the MEKO as the sole carbon and energy source. The time frame required for growth indicated that the kinetics for MEKO degradation are slow. A batch test indicated that dissolved organic carbon decreased at a rate comparable to MEKO consumption, while sulfate was not consumed. The nature of the electron acceptor in anaerobic MEKO metabolism is unclear, but it is hypothesized that the MEKO is hydrolyzed intracellularly to form methyl ethyl ketone and hydroxylamine which serve as electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively.

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