scholarly journals Epidemiology of illicit and abused drugs in the general population, emergency department drug-related episodes, and arrestees

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1330-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Abused Drugs ◽  
National Trends

Abstract National trends in substance abuse are presented: the civilian noninstitutionalized general population; drug-related emergency department episodes; and booked arrestees. Major metropolitan differences are also noted. This study was based on the primary national data systems for these groups: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, SAMHSA's Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN), and the National Institute of Justice Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) system. While the most prevalent drug differed in the three data sources, all three showed recent increases in marijuana. Despite the general decline in drug use seen in the general population, both the number of drug-related cases in the DAWN system and the drug use detected in the DUF arrestees showed recent increases.

Substance Abuse Patient Characteristics: A Scene from an Emergency Department near the Hong Kong – Shenzhen Border

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
WC Yuen ◽  
WF Tang ◽  
CH Chung
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Substance Abuse Problem ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
Abused Drugs

Objective Drug abuse is an escalating problem in Hong Kong, especially among teenagers and young adults. A study was conducted in order to obtain the characteristics of drug abusers presenting to the Accident & Emergency department of North District Hospital, which is located in the New Territories near the Hong Kong – Shenzhen border. Design Prospective study. Setting Accident and Emergency department of a public general hospital. Patients Drug abusers presenting to the Accident and Emergency department in a six-month period. Main outcome measures Epidemiological data including demographic data, types of drug taken, place of drug abuse and magnitude of cross-border drug abuse were collected and analyzed. Results The sex distribution was male 59 and female 13 (ratio=4.5:1). The mean age was 29.2 (range 14 to 67 years). Of interest, 29.2% abused drugs at home; 29.2% abused drugs in parties such as karaoke, rave and disco; 68% abused drugs in Hong Kong; 32% abused drugs in China and 6.9% claimed themselves first-time drug abusers. The commonest drug taken was ecstasy (40.3%) – the majority (55%) in China and the rest (45%) in Hong Kong. For organic solvent abusers, 57.1% were below 18 years of age. One patient died, resulting in a mortality rate of 1.4%. Conclusion Ecstasy was the commonest drug abused on both sides of the “border”. The majority of substance abusers were teenagers or young adult males. This study confirmed the significant magnitude of psychotropic substance abuse problem among the young population in the North District, indicating the urgent need for clinical and social intervention.

The Intersection of Drug Use and Criminal Behavior: Results from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana Harrison ◽  
Joseph Gfroerer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Criminal Involvement ◽  
Strong Correlate ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
The Relationship

In 1991, questions on involvement in criminal behavior and being arrested and booked for a crime were added to the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) to ascertain the relationship between drug use and criminal behavior. Analysis shows that drug use is a strong correlate of being booked for a criminal offense, but age is the more important correlate of criminal involvement. There were few differences in models predicting violent as opposed to property crime, although minority status was a more important predictor of violent crime, and poverty was a more important predictor of property crime. Cocaine use was the most important covariate of being booked for a crime in large metropolitan areas that were oversampled in the 1991 NHSDA.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of drug abuse treatment in South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shandir Ramlagan ◽  
Karl Peltzer ◽  
Gladys Matseke
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
South African ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Drug Abuse Treatment ◽  
National Council ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Abuse Treatment

<p><strong>Background.</strong> The aim of the study was to explore the epidemiology of drug abuse treatment in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> Treatment demand statistics were analysed from South African National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the South African Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use records, and a rapid situation assessment was conducted. Twenty-one key informant interviews were conducted in all 9 provinces among provincial substance abuse co-ordinators, and one manager per treatment centre from a sample of treatment centres. Three focus groups were conducted and 46 self-administered questionnaires were distributed among inpatients at 2 selected treatment centres in Free State and North West provinces. Qualitative data were analysed using grounded theory, and quantitative data analysed using SPSS. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Treatment records show that the most frequent substance of abuse was alcohol (51%), followed by cannabis (21%), crack/cocaine (9.6%), heroin/opiates (7.9%), methamphetamine (Tik) (4.5%), prescription/over-the-counter drugs (2.0%), and cannabis/mandrax (1.7%). More substance abusers were male, of lower education, white or black, than were female, more highly educated, coloured and Indian/Asian. Key informant interviews showed that females are the ‘hidden’ substance abusers and tend not to be identified in research statistics and at treatment centres. Poverty, unemployment, lack of recreational facilities, being surrounded by substance abusers, and long work shifts were also mentioned as factors contributing to substance abuse. The age of initiation of substance abuse using non-drugs such as glue was 9 years old, alcohol 10 - 12 years old, dagga 11 - 12 years old, poly-drug use (alcohol, tobacco and dagga) 14 years old, and harder drugs such as cocaine and heroin at 16 - 17 years old, as reported by key informants. Family care and support, improved socio-economic conditions and increased law enforcement would help to discourage substance abuse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Prevention interventions and policies in South Africa should focus on reducing substance abuse by targeting the ‘at risk populations’ identified in this study.</p>

The Comorbidity of Depression and Substance Abuse Disorders in Romanian Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C. Stefanescu ◽  
R. Chirita ◽  
V. Chirita ◽  
G. Chele
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
General Population ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Abuse ◽  
Direct Outcome

Depression appears to be independent from, but frequently co-occurs with, substance abuse disorders, including alcohol and drug abuse. Depression and substance use disorders are highly prevalent in the general population and often co-occur within the same individual. Many people with depression turn to alcohol or drugs, eventually developing a dependence or addiction. Conversely, people who are addicted to alcohol or drugs have a high rate of depression. Alcohol and some drugs are depressants, and depressed mood can be a direct outcome of substance abuse. Use of alcohol by people suffering from depression can increase the severity of their depressive symptoms. Fortunately, it is also treatable and the key to treatment is to recognize the symptoms and to get help. Research shows that one in three depressed people also suffer from some form of substance abuse or dependence.

Investigating a Substance Abuse Screening in a Trauma Setting

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110241
Author(s):  
Rahul Tuli ◽  
Stephanie Anne Romero ◽  
Cesar Figueroa ◽  
Erika Tay ◽  
Soheil Saadat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Screening And Brief Intervention ◽  
Patients At Risk

Introduction Drug and alcohol consumption are often associated with trauma-related injuries. Various studies have been conducted which have shown the benefits of screening and brief intervention (SBI) tools for alcohol consumption. Despite their success, there are few SBI tools utilized for substance use and minimal reports of computerized versions. We hypothesized that a computerized SBI tool for drug use would be effective at identifying patients at risk of substance abuse in a trauma setting. Methods This was a prospective evaluation of a computerized alcohol and drug screening and brief intervention survey derived from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The survey was given to all eligible trauma patients at UCI’s Level 1 trauma facility between February 2019 and March 2020. Based on self-reported answers, a substance involvement (SI) score was generated which classified a patient’s drug abuse risk as none (0), low (1-3), moderate (4-26), or high (27+). Statistical tests were then used to examine associations between demographic variables and risk categorization. Results A total of 1801 patients completed the entire survey. Of those, 346 (19.3%) patients reported use of illicit drugs: 10 for non-medical prescription use (.6%), 308 (17.1%) for non-prescription drug use, and 28 (1.6%) for both. Secondary analysis revealed a greater number of males were eligible for further SI assessment (25.1% vs 11.0%, P < .001). Of those, a greater proportion of men were classified as moderate/high risk (81.6% vs 61.5%, P < .001). Further breakdown revealed a greater proportion of patients ≤25 years old reported use of drugs compared to >85 years old (37.0% vs .5%, P < .001). In contrast to the self-reported data, there was an overall positive rate of toxicology of 48.51%. Conclusion The analysis shows that the electronic survey identifies patients at risk of drug abuse, allowing for real-time intervention. Furthermore, it is granular enough to specify at-risk groups. However, a lower self-reported rate, as expected, was elucidated. Further studies to evaluate for improved screening and targeted intervention are warranted.

scholarly journals Art Therapy for Client with Substance Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Cucu Rokayah ◽  
Resnizar Annasrul ◽  
Raden Wulan W.
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Art Therapy

Drug abuse in Indonesia is increasing from year to year, from the age of 15 to 64 years using narcotics at least one a year and the need to be aware of proliferation of new types of narcotics. One way of helping in the recovery of people with drug abuse. Purpose is to describe the client’s art therapy due to drug abuse. The writing method used in this writing is a journal-based literature review, with several stage, : determining the big topic, journal screening and determining the theme of the journal references obtained. Art therapy which is effective for drug use is by using painting therapy and musik therapy. Painting as therapy, is related to the contemplative or sublimation aspects so thar it can express feelings and reduce dependence on subtances. In conclusion, art therapy is needed by clients with mental disorders, especially female and adolescent clients. Art therapy is a means of channeling thoughts and feelings that a client with drug abuse may not be able to verbalize.

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