scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Nest Predatory Behaviors of Common Ravens in Heronries

The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Kelly ◽  
Katherine L. Etienne ◽  
Jennifer E. Roth

AbstractAn investigation of nest predation and associated foraging behaviors by resident Common Ravens (Corvus corax) indicated that occupation of heronries, predation of Great Egret (Ardea alba) nests, duration of patrol flights, landing rates, and number of interactions with ardeids varied with the productivity of resident ravens. Annual increases in raven predatory behaviors were consistent with increases in foraging experience for a few to several years after ravens became resident at colony sites. However, overall nest predation did not increase at three sites from 1999–2004, and at one of these sites, predation did not differ from levels measured before ravens were resident, suggesting that ravens may have interfered with the nest predatory activities of other species. Ravens at one colony site obtained most or all of their energy needs from the heronry. Predation of Great Egret nestlings was most likely 14–29 days after first hatch, when parental attendance begins to decline. Regional monitoring of heronries in the San Francisco Bay area, California, indicated highly variable rates of nest predation by Common Ravens and a low overall presence of ravens, even though ravens occurred throughout the region. Implications for conservation include the potential value of manipulating raven reproduction to limit nest predation, exclusion of other nest predators by resident ravens, annual increases in nest predatory behaviors, and the importance of regional monitoring to substantiate concerns about raven predation.Factores que Influencian las Conductas de Corvus corax como Depredadores de Nidos en Colonias de GarzasResumen. Una investigación de la depredación de nidos y de las conductas asociadas de cuervos de la especie Corvus corax indicaron que la ocupación de colonias de garzas, la depredación de los nidos de Ardea alba, la duración de los vuelos de patrullaje, las tasas de aterrizaje y el número de interacciones con ardeidos varió con la productividad de los cuervos residentes. Los incrementos anuales de las conductas depredadoras de los cuervos fueron consistentes con los aumentos en la experiencia de forrajeo de unos pocos a varios años, a partir de que los cuervos se incorporaron como residentes en las colonias. Sin embargo, la depredación global de nidos no incrementó en los tres sitios entre 1999 y 2004, y en uno de los sitios la depredación no varió con relación a los niveles medidos antes de que los cuervos fueran residentes, lo que sugiere que los cuervos pueden haber interferido con las actividades de depredación de nidos de otras especies. Los cuervos de una colonia obtuvieron la mayoría o todas sus necesidades energéticas de las colonias de garzas. La depredación de los pichones fue más probable entre los 14 y los 29 días luego de la primera eclosión, cuando la asistencia de los padres comienza a disminuir. El monitoreo regional de las garzas en el área de la bahía de San Francisco, California, indicó la existencia de tasas de depredación de nidos por parte de C. corax altamente variables y una presencia general baja de cuervos, aunque estas aves estuvieron presentes en toda la región. Las implicancias para la conservación incluyen el valor potencial de manipular la reproducción de C. corax para limitar la depredación de nidos, la exclusión de otros depredadores de nidos por parte de cuervos residentes, incrementos anuales en comportamientos de depredación de nidos y la importancia del monitoreo regional para verificar las preocupaciones sobre la depredación de nidos.

Author(s):  
Sheigla Murphy ◽  
Paloma Sales ◽  
Micheline Duterte ◽  
Camille Jacinto

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Yamashita

In the 1970s, Japanese cooks began to appear in the kitchens of nouvelle cuisine chefs in France for further training, with scores more arriving in the next decades. Paul Bocuse, Alain Chapel, Joël Robuchon, and other leading French chefs started visiting Japan to teach, cook, and sample Japanese cuisine, and ten of them eventually opened restaurants there. In the 1980s and 1990s, these chefs' frequent visits to Japan and the steady flow of Japanese stagiaires to French restaurants in Europe and the United States encouraged a series of changes that I am calling the “Japanese turn,” which found chefs at fine-dining establishments in Los Angeles, New York City, and later the San Francisco Bay Area using an ever-widening array of Japanese ingredients, employing Japanese culinary techniques, and adding Japanese dishes to their menus. By the second decade of the twenty-first century, the wide acceptance of not only Japanese ingredients and techniques but also concepts like umami (savory tastiness) and shun (seasonality) suggest that Japanese cuisine is now well known to many American chefs.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-66
Author(s):  
José Ramón Lizárraga ◽  
Arturo Cortez

Researchers and practitioners have much to learn from drag queens, specifically Latinx queens, as they leverage everyday queerness and brownness in ways that contribute to pedagogy locally and globally, individually and collectively. Drawing on previous work examining the digital queer gestures of drag queen educators (Lizárraga & Cortez, 2019), this essay explores how non-dominant people that exist and fluctuate in the in-between of boundaries of gender, race, sexuality, the physical, and the virtual provide pedagogical overtures for imagining and organizing for new possible futures that are equitable and just. Further animated by Donna Haraway’s (2006) influential feminist post-humanist work, we interrogate how Latinx drag queens as cyborgs use digital technologies to enhance their craft and engage in powerful pedagogical moves. This essay draws from robust analyses of the digital presence of and interviews with two Latinx drag queens in the San Francisco Bay Area, as well as the online presence of a Xicanx doggie drag queen named RuPawl. Our participants actively drew on their liminality to provoke and mobilize communities around socio-political issues. In this regard, we see them engaging in transformative public cyborg jotería pedagogies that are made visible and historicized in the digital and physical world.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
David L. Ulin

Traversing the kaleidoscope of memory of early adulthood in the San Francisco bay area, David Ulin describes the places as he remembers them with picturesque account: Andrew Molera State Park, Fort Mason, Marin Headlands, Old Waldorf, and Sutro Tower, with the particulars, and what happened to his experience of time in those places that summer of 1980. Experienced as a series of fleeting memories, joining together with others who lived there for a time. They left, and so did the author, experiencing the power of temporality or “abandon” both in and from this place.


Author(s):  
Karen Chapple ◽  
Ate Poorthuis ◽  
Matthew Zook ◽  
Eva Phillips

The new availability of big data sources provides an opportunity to revisit our ability to predict neighborhood change. This article explores how data on urban activity patterns, specifically, geotagged tweets, improve the understanding of one type of neighborhood change—gentrification—by identifying dynamic connections between neighborhoods and across scales. We first develop a typology of neighborhood change and risk of gentrification from 1990 to 2015 for the San Francisco Bay Area based on conventional demographic data from the Census. Then, we use multivariate regression to analyze geotagged tweets from 2012 to 2015, finding that outsiders are significantly more likely to visit neighborhoods currently undergoing gentrification. Using the factors that best predict gentrification, we identify a subset of neighborhoods that Twitter-based activity suggests are at risk for gentrification over the short term—but are not identified by analysis with traditional census data. The findings suggest that combining Census and social media data can provide new insights on gentrification such as augmenting our ability to identify that processes of change are underway. This blended approach, using Census and big data, can help policymakers implement and target policies that preserve housing affordability and protext tenants more effectively.


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