Application of Water Conservancy Informatization in River and Lake Management

In order to solve the problems of heavy workload, low efficiency, inconvenient transportation and complex terrain, difficulties in regional monitoring and evidence collection, and insufficient quantitative analysis ability in traditional river and lake management, this paper studies and summarizes the literature and policies related to river and lake information management by using the integration of Internet, UAV, GIS and other technologies in recent years, The technical methods and means of river and lake management and protection are put forward to provide reference for improving water management system and ensuring water safety.

Challenges and Benefits of Approaches Used to Integrate Regional Monitoring Programs

Although challenging to develop and operate, some degree of integrated monitoring is often necessary, especially at regional scales, to address the complex questions of environmental management and regulation. The concept of integration is well-understood, but its practice across programs and studies can be diverse suggesting a broader examination of the existing general approaches is needed. From the literature, we suggest integration of monitoring can occur across three study components: interpretation, analysis, and design. Design can be further subdivided into partial and full integration. Respectively combining information, data, and designs, we further define these types of integration and describe their general benefits and challenges, such as strength of inference. We further use the Oil Sands Monitoring program in northern Alberta as an example to clarify the practices common among integrated monitoring programs. The goal of the discussion paper is to familiarize readers with the diverse practices of integrated monitoring to further clarify the various configurations used to achieve the wider goals of a program.

Rationale For a Regional Monitoring Program of Atmospheric Air Quality in the Dnepropetrovsk Region

The air quality monitoring system in industrial cities is one of the systems for responding to risk factors in the public health system. The purpose of the study is, on the basis of a hygienic assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to specific pollutants in the cities of Dnipro, Kamenskoye, Kryvyi Rih, to substantiate a program for regional monitoring of atmospheric air quality. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the results of air quality studies in the largest industrial cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region – Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih and Kamenskoe for the period 2005-2019 were analyzed in terms of phenol, formaldehyde, benzene, xylene and toluene, and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to public health were calculated in these cities. Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, individual carcinogenic risks in all three cities in terms of formaldehyde are medium, and in terms of benzene are high. The population carcinogenic risk ranges from 200-269 additional cases of cancer from exposure to formaldehyde and 3727-4426 additional cases of cancer from chronic inhalation exposure to benzene. The calculation of non-carcinogenic risks identified the priority specific air pollutants in the cities under study, as well as the main target organs. So the main systems that are influenced by the action of the studied chemicals are the central nervous system, the general development of the body and the blood system. Based on the risk assessment, it was established that it is necessary to include the Kamenskoye metro station for regional monitoring. It is necessary to include all pollutants from List A to the minimum list of investigated chemicals, and for the city of Dnipro and Kamenskoye it is additionally necessary to carry out studies of phenol, formaldehyde and toluene and in the city of Kryvyi Rih – formaldehyde and toluene. The mechanism of data processing and interaction between the subjects of monitoring has been substantiated for the timely identification of risks and the development of necessary preventive measures for risk management. Conclusion. It was found that carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks in industrial cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region are not acceptable. The existing monitoring system does not fully comply with the current requirements. The minimum program of the regional air quality monitoring system in the Dnipropetrovsk region has been scientifically substantiated

Transition to a New Model of Russian Governors’ Appointments as a Reflection of Regime Transformation

An array of qualitative and quantitative information on 2016–2020 Russian governors’ replacements is used to analyze decision-making and the patterns of governors’ appointments as well as their evolution in conjunction with regime transformation and regional variation. Regression analysis is used to establish what factors influence replacements, based on regional monitoring data from the Committee of Civic Initiatives. Ethnic republics in the North Caucasus are taken as a special case.

Monitoring the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 from age-stratified hospitalisation and serological data

BackgroundRegional monitoring of the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 is important to guide local management of the epidemic, but is difficult in the absence of regular nationwide serosurveys.MethodsWe developed a method to reconstruct in real-time the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 and the proportion of infections being detected from the joint analysis of age-stratified seroprevalence, hospitalisation and case data. We applied our approach to the 13 French metropolitan regions.FindingsWe estimate that 5.7% [5.1%-6.4%] of adults in metropolitan France had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 by May 2020. This proportion remained stable until August and increased to 12.6% [11.2%-14.3%] by the end of November. With 23.8% [21.2%-26.8%] infected in the Paris region compared to 4.0% [3.5% - 4.6%] in Brittany, regional variations remained large (Coefficient of Variation CV: 0.53) although less so than in May (CV: 0.74). The proportion infected was twice higher (17.6% [13.4%-22.7%]) in 20-49 y.o. than in 50+ y.o (8.0% [5.7% - 11.5%]). Forty percent [33.7% - 45.4%] of infections in adults were detected in June-August compared to 55.7% [48.7% - 63.1%] in September-November. Our method correctly predicted seroprevalence in 11 regions in which only hospitalisation data were used.InterpretationIn the absence of contemporary serosurvey, our real-time monitoring indicates that the proportion infected by SARS-CoV-2 may be above 20% in some French regions.FundingEU RECOVER, ANR, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Inserm.

In-situ marine gas hydrate production methane leaks electrical monitoring system

In the process of gas hydrate exploitation, methane leakage needs to be monitored in real time, so an in-situ electrical monitoring system for methane leakage is designed. The monitoring system is mainly composed of monitoring cable, acquisition station, power module and general control platform. According to the electrical principle, the system carries out regional monitoring on the seabed formation, forms the resistivity map, and realizes methane leakage monitoring. The cost of the monitoring system is low, and it can be remotely controlled or automatically collected data according to the preset program, so the system has good application and research value.