scholarly journals Low first-year apparent survival of passerines in abandoned fields in northwestern Russia

The Condor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Shitikov ◽  
Viktoria Grudinskaya ◽  
Tatiana Makarova ◽  
Tatiana Vaytina ◽  
Svetlana Fedotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Variable Parameter ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
First Year ◽  
Natal Philopatry ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Abandoned Fields ◽  
Booted Warbler ◽  
Northwestern Russia

Abstract First-year survival probability of migratory passerines during the period between fledging and first reproduction is a highly variable parameter that has a major effect on population dynamics. We used a long-term mark–recapture dataset (2002–2018) to examine first-year survival of 3 passerine species breeding in abandoned agricultural fields of northwestern Russia: Booted Warbler (Iduna caligata), Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra), and Western Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava). We banded 3,457 nestlings, including 1,363 Booted Warblers, 1,699 Whinchats, and 395 Western Yellow Wagtails, and resighted 12 Booted Warblers, 29 Whinchats, and 13 Western Yellow Wagtails in the year after fledging. We evaluated first-year apparent survival rates using Cormack-Jolly-Seber models in MARK program within the multispecies approach. We tested effect of fledge date on the first-year apparent survival. In all focal species, first-year apparent survival rates were low and reached the lower limits known for migratory passerines. We found no differences in first-year survival rates among the 3 species: the estimated average first-year apparent survival rate of all species was 0.05 ± 0.01. The fledge date had a considerable impact on first-year survival rate: later fledge dates negatively affected first-year survival. We suggest that first-year apparent survival rates in our study were low due to low natal philopatry and high mortality in the post-fledging period. Low apparent first-year survival may be a specific feature of open-nesting birds breeding in abandoned fields that are low-quality habitats because of high predation pressure.

Apparent survival, natal philopatry, and recruitment of Barrow’s goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica) in the Cariboo–Chilcotin region of British Columbia, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Boyd ◽  
B. D. Smith ◽  
S. A. Iverson ◽  
M. R. Evans ◽  
J. E. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Natal Philopatry ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Reproductive Maturity ◽  
Bucephala Islandica ◽  
Best Fit

We used capture–resight data to evaluate apparent survival, natal philopatry, and recruitment of Barrow’s goldeneyes ( Bucephala islandica (Gmelin, 1789)) in British Columbia, Canada. Median ages of first pairing and first breeding for females were 2 years and 3 years, respectively. The Cormack–Jolly–Seber model that best fit our data indicated that apparent survival rates (Φ) differed according to sex, year, and age class at marking. Estimates were similar for after-hatch-year (AHY) females (0.62) and AHY males (0.58), which was consistent with predictions. However, contrary to predictions, apparent survival rates of hatch-year (HY) females (0.68) were similar to those of AHY females and significantly higher than those of HY males (0.35). We interpret this difference as being primarily related to higher dispersal probabilities by HY males. Also evident was a negative correlation between apparent survival rate during the 1st year after capture for HY birds and their subsequent apparent survival rates, which suggests that probability of dispersal increased after these birds reached reproductive maturity and began to compete for breeding territories. We interpret this as evidence for density-dependent control of access to limited resources such as nest cavities.

Longevity and survival of the black stork Ciconia nigra based on ring recoveries

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enikő Tamás
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
First Year ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ring Recoveries ◽  
Ciconia Nigra ◽  
Black Stork

AbstractTo understand population dynamics, the determination of survival rates is very important. For the black stork Ciconia nigra no survival rate determination has been published to date. This might be due to the fact that ringing activity and recovery numbers in general are still relatively low for the species. The international black stork colour ringing programme is taking place with the participation of 25 countries including Hungary. Altogether more than 7,000 black storks have been colour ringed worldwide, of which 1,069 individuals were marked in Hungary. This article’s objective is the determination of the survival rates for the black stork, as well as to estimate the longevity of the species based on live encounters of ringed individuals. The conclusions are that longevity can be estimated based on the data, and is in agreement with previous knowledge; and that the survival rate of the species, with our present knowledge, shows a significant difference between first year (0.1696, 0.1297–0.219) and older birds (0.838, 0.773–0.887).

scholarly journals Variability of demographic parameters and population dynamics of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. in a south-west French river

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dumas ◽  
P. Prouzet
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
South West ◽  
Salmon Population ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
French River ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The abundance of the salmon population in the Nivelle River was assessed for 11 cohorts during all the stages of their life cycle, from eggs to spawners. A stochastic life history model was used to simulate the changes in numbers at each stage over several years and to evaluate the parameters of a Ricker-type Stock and Recruitment (S–R) relationship. Parameters necessary for managing the exploitation of the species were also estimated. The results indicated that an average deposition of 611 700 eggs (values varying in a proportion of 1 to 3, depending on the year) produced 4870 0+ parr in autumn (variation from 1 to 5.6); 71.8% of which belonged to the group of future 1-year old smolts. The age 1+ parr were eight times less numerous. Survival from egg to 0+ parr was on average 0.97%, but highly variable (varying from 1 to 15). It was density-dependent and followed Ricker S–R model with an optimum of 7800 parr for a survival rate of 3%. During their second year, the survival of 1+ parr reached 53.4% and varied little. The adult runs of complete cohorts amounted to 196 maiden salmon (range, 88 to 382) and previous spawners comprised only 0.9% of adults. Grilse (1 year in the sea) constituted the majority (88.7%). The overall survival rates from 0+ parr to adult returns (6.2% on average) varied three-fold. The majority was females among the grilse (56.2%) and 2-sea-year salmon (88.6%); all 3-sea-year adults were female. Eggs deposited per female averaged 4200, 8500 and 12 750 eggs in each age group, respectively. Simulations of population abundances at various life stages were in good agreement with the observed data. The S–R relationship revealed the low productivity and the vulnerability of this stock, mainly due to the low survival rate of the young during their first year of life. The maximum yield of 12.2% of recruits could be obtained from a deposition of 1 424 000 eggs, which is twice the present average level.

scholarly journals Survival of Band-Tailed Manakins

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Pearce-Higgins ◽  
Robin C. Brace ◽  
Jon Hornbuckle
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
First Year ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Parsimonious Model ◽  
Initial Capture

Abstract Abstract We modeled annual apparent survival of Band-tailed Manakins (Pipra fasciicauda) inhabiting a contiguous forest site and a 10.9 ha forest fragment in lowland Bolivia based on six years of capture-recapture data. There was significant age-related variation in apparent survival, but adult survival rates did not differ significantly with sex. Apparent survival rates of immature birds differed between the two locations, while adult survival rates did not. The most parsimonious model therefore estimated annual survival at 10% for immature birds in the contiguous forest site, 53% for immature birds in the forest fragment, 46% for adults in the first year after initial capture and 68% for adults in subsequent years. Forest fragmentation may have reduced immature dispersal, leading to inflated apparent survival rates in the forest fragment.

scholarly journals Size-specific apparent survival rate estimates of white sharks using mark–recapture models

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2027-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Kanive ◽  
Jay J. Rotella ◽  
Salvador J. Jorgensen ◽  
Taylor K. Chapple ◽  
James E. Hines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Carcharodon Carcharias ◽  
Marine Predator ◽  
Sex Assignment ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Potential Challenge

For species that exist at low abundance or are otherwise difficult to study, it is challenging to estimate vital rates such as survival and fecundity and common to assume that survival rates are constant across ages and sexes. Population assessments based on overly simplistic vital rates can lead to erroneous conclusions. We estimated sex- and length-based annual apparent survival rates for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). We found evidence that annual apparent survival differed over ontogeny in a system with competitive foraging aggregations, from 0.63 (standard error (SE) = 0.08) for newly recruiting subadults to 0.95 (SE = 0.02) for the largest sharks. Our results reveal a potential challenge to ontogenetic recruitment in a long-lived, highly mobile top marine predator, as survival rates for subadult white sharks may be lower than previously assumed. Alternatively, younger and competitively inferior individuals may be forced to permanently emigrate from primary foraging sites. This study provides new methodology for estimating apparent survival as a function of diverse covariates by capture–recapture study, including when sex assignment is uncertain.

scholarly journals Apparent survival rates of twoSylviawarbler species in northwestern Russia

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Shitikov ◽  
Maria M. Morozova ◽  
Yulia A. Yurchenko ◽  
Anna D. Anashina
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Northwestern Russia

Demography of the Porcupine caribou herd, 1983–1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. Fancy ◽  
Kenneth R. Whitten ◽  
Donald E. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hunting Mortality

Population size, parturition rates, and sex- and age-specific survival rates were determined for the Porcupine caribou herd (Rangifer tarandus granti) in northeastern Alaska and northwestern Canada between 1983 and 1992. The herd increased at an annual rate of r = 0.0467 between censuses in July 1983 (n = 135 000), July 1987 (n = 165 000), and July 1989 (n = 178 000). The mean parturition rate for 225 radio-collared cows aged ≥3 years monitored for 603 reproductive attempts between 1982 and 1992 was 80% and did not differ among years. First-year survival of calves was 51%. The survival rate of calves through their first month differed among years (range 57–90%). The mean annual survival rate for ≥3-year-old caribou was 84.2% for 225 females and 82.6% for 42 males. Hunting mortality for the herd averaged 2–3% annually. Population estimates generated by a computer model using parturition and survival rates for the herd closely tracked population trends determined from photocensus data. Growth of the herd is most sensitive to the survival of females 3 years of age and older, followed by calf production and survival.

scholarly journals Site Fidelity, Philopatry, and Survival of Promiscuous Saltmarsh Sharp-Tailed Sparrows in Rhode Island

The Auk ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. DiQuinzio ◽  
Peter W. C. Paton ◽  
William R. Eddleman ◽  
J. Brawn
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Natal Philopatry ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Resource Defense ◽  
Return Rates

Abstract We investigated site fidelity and apparent survival in a promiscuous population of Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows (Ammodramus caudacutus) in southern Rhode Island. Based on capture–recapture histories of 446 color-banded sparrows studied from 1993 to 1998 at our primary study site, Galilee, we observed significant variation in apparent survival rates among years, but not between sexes. Return rates of adult males (37.6%) and females (35.6%) were not significantly different during any year. Juveniles exhibited high return rates, ranging from 0 to 44%, with males (61% of returns) more likely to return than females (35%). In addition, we monitored movements of 404 color-banded sparrows at nine satellite marshes in 1997 and 1998, which supported our findings at Galilee and documented intermarsh movements by 10% of all banded birds. Lack of gender-bias in adult dispersal and strong natal philopatry of sparrows in Rhode Island occurs regularly among passerines possessing a variety of mating systems. Despite emancipation from parental and resource defense duties, adult male Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows exhibited apparent survival rates similar to adult females. Availability of high-quality breeding habitat, which is patchy and saturated, may be the most important factor limiting dispersal for Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows in Rhode Island.

Estimation of age-dependent survival rates of female tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) from ovarian age distributions

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jarry ◽  
J.P. Gouteux ◽  
M. Khaladi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Tsetse Control ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Eigen Value

AbstractExisting attempts to estimate the survival rate of tsetse flies from ovarian age distributions generally assume that the population is stationary. The fact that the survival rate cannot be dissociated from the growth rate by these methods poses a problem. Under the assumption of a stable age distribution, we propose a maximum likelihood method to estimate the ‘apparent survival rate’ for three categories of females: nulliparous (β0), young parous (β1) and old parous flies (β2). The rate depends both on ‘real survival rates’ a0, a1 and a2, and a growth rate λ: β0 = a0/λ, β1 = a1/λ, and β2= a2/λ. We used a matrix model, which can be parameterized if the pupal survival rate and the pupal period are known. Replacing a0, a1 and a2 by β0,λ, β1λ, and β2λin the projection matrix, the problem amounts to calculating its dominant eigen-value λ, and hence a0, a1 and a2. The application to a field population of Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank in Burkina Faso showed there was a marked difference in survival rate according to age category. The average survival rate increased with age with decreasing variability. The results suggested that sampling (by trapping) may have had an effect on the dynamics of this tsetse population by ageing it artificially. This method may be a useful tool for monitoring tsetse control.

THE PRINTING OF PACIOLI'S SUMMA IN 1494: HOW MANY COPIES WERE PRINTED?

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Sangster
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Printing Process

This paper considers the printing of Pacioli's Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita (Summa) in 1494. In particular, it attempts to answer the question, how many copies of Summa were printed in 1494? It does so through consideration of the printing process, the printer of Summa, the size of the book, survival rates of other “serious” books of the period, and the dates it contains revealing when parts of it were completed. It finds that more copies were published than was previously suggested, and that the survival rate of copies has probably as much to do with the manner in which it was treated once acquired as in the number of copies printed.

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