scholarly journals Effect of psychosocial factors and heart ate variability on blood pressure control in patient with primary hypertension:A path analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.Y Chen ◽  
C.W Kao
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures

Abstract Background Hypertension (HTN) is one of the major factors driving the global burden of cardiovascular diseases. About 40% of the adults are affected by elevated blood pressure around the world. The etiology of HTN is multifactorial, including psychological distress, especially symptoms of anxiety and depression. A few meta-analyses and longitudinal studies have reported an association between symptoms of anxiety, depression and HTN. Social support is an important factor in the regulation of emotions in HTN patients. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important role in the homeostatic control of the cardiovascular system. The measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) is used to evaluate ANS regulation in clinical research.The HRV is also a predictor of cardiovascular-cause events and mortality. Previous studies have identified the association of cardiovascular diseases with social support, anxiety, and depression. Some recent studies have also evaluated the relationship between HRV and cardiovascular diseases. However, very few studies have investigated the association of psychosocial factors, HRV, and blood pressure in patients with HTN. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of psychosocial factors including social support, symptoms of anxiety/depressive, and heart rate variability on mean arterial blood pressures in patients with primary hypertension. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive and correlative study was performed. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling from the Cardiovascular Outpatient Clinic at a Medical Center. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, including the Social Support and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales. While heart rate variability was measured by a handheld limb lead electrocardiogram recorder device, blood pressure was measured by an automatic sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed by the structural equation path analysis by the IBM SPSS Amos 21.0 statistical software packages. Results This study included 301 patients with primary hypertension. The scores of the Social Support Scale had a significantly direct effect on the scores of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores had a significantly direct effect on the heart rate variability. The low frequency/ high-frequency ratio of heart rate variability had a significantly direct effect on the mean arterial blood pressures. The path model including all variables explained 45% variance in the mean arterial blood pressures and had good fit indices. Conclusion Findings from our research highlight the significance of how psychosocial factors can affect the autonomic nervous system and blood pressure control of patients with primary hypertension. These findings can aid in developing an intervention program for blood pressure management in future. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Comparative study on effect of neutral spinal bath and neutral spinal spray on blood pressure, heart rate and heart rate variability in healthy volunteers

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arundhati Goley ◽  
A. Mooventhan ◽  
NK. Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Instantaneous Heart Rate

Abstract Background Hydrotherapeutic applications to the head and spine have shown to improve cardiovascular and autonomic functions. There is lack of study reporting the effect of either neutral spinal bath (NSB) or neutral spinal spray (NSS). Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of both NSB and NSS in healthy volunteers. Methods Thirty healthy subjects were recruited and randomized into either neutral spinal bath group (NSBG) or neutral spinal spray group (NSSG). A single session of NSB, NSS was given for 15 min to the NSBG and NSSG, respectively. Assessments were taken before and after the interventions. Results Results of this study showed a significant reduction in low-frequency (LF) to high-frequency (HF) (LF/HF) ratio of heart rate variability (HRV) spectrum in NSBG compared with NSSG (p=0.026). Within-group analysis of both NSBG and NSSG showed a significant increase in the mean of the intervals between adjacent QRS complexes or the instantaneous heart rate (HR) (RRI) (p=0.002; p=0.009, respectively), along with a significant reduction in HR (p=0.002; p=0.004, respectively). But, a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.037) and pulse pressure (PP) (p=0.017) was observed in NSSG, while a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.008), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (p=0.008) and LF/HF ratio (p=0.041) was observed in NSBG. Conclusion Results of the study suggest that 15 min of both NSB and NSS might be effective in reducing HR and improving HRV. However, NSS is particularly effective in reducing SBP and PP, while NSB is particularly effective in reducing DBP and MAP along with improving sympathovagal balance in healthy volunteers.

scholarly journals Acute Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Zumba and ZOCA Dance Exercises among Females of Selected Gyms in Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Chanda Grace Chisunka ◽  
◽  
Gibson Sijumbila ◽  
Fastone Goma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Aerobic Dance ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitors ◽  
Blood Pressures

Background: Dynamic exercises are known to elicit hemodynamic changes such as an increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Zumba and ZOCA are part of a fast growing group of dance fitness programmes designed to provide a cardiovascular dynamic workout. Despite their growing popularity, very few studies have been done to provide knowledge regarding the hemodynamic changes associated with these exercises. Methods: Case study in which 27 females took part in either a Zumba or ZOCA class. Using digital blood pressure monitors, recordings of blood pressure and heart rate were taken, firstly, before commencement of the exercise, secondly, after 30 minutes after exercise and thirdly, at the end of the class.Results: Mean baseline blood pressures were 118 (SD = 14) mmHg and 77 (SD = 7) mmHg, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. After 30 minutes of dancing, mean systolic blood pressure increased to 130 (SD = 19) mmHg (p˂ 0.05) while diastolic blood pressureonly rose to an average of 80 (SD = 8) mmHg (p˃ 0.05). At the end of the class (after the cool down phase) mean systolic blood pressure reduced to 109 (SD = 13) mmHg (p˂0.05) while diastolic blood pressure reduced to 74(SD = 12) mmHg (p˂ 0.05). Conclusions: Zumba and ZOCA elicited significant hemodynamic changes that can be attributed to these exercises stimulating the cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms (e.g central command and exercise-pressor) sufficiently and hence resulting in autonomic adjustmentsthat were concurrent with effective dynamic exercise. Keywords: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Aerobic, Dance Exercise

Abstract P542: Association of Psychosocial Factors With Heart Rate Variability: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Shah ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Eric A Whitsel ◽  
Elsayed Z SOLIMAN ◽  
Viola Vaccarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Vital Exhaustion ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk

Introduction: Psychosocial factors are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but our understanding of causal mechanisms is limited. Understanding such mechanisms may help formulate prevention strategies. We therefore sought to evaluate potential physiologic effects of psychosocial factors by studying their associations with heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic function, in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Hypothesis: Higher psychosocial stress levels are associated with lower HRV cross-sectionally in a diverse community sample. Methods: We included ARIC cohort participants with information on psychosocial factors in 1990-1992 into our analysis. Psychosocial factors were assessed using validated instruments, including: 1) vital exhaustion, a somatic manifestation of chronic stress and depression, 2) anger proneness, a personality trait, and 3) perceived social support, a potential buffering factor for stress. Short-term time and frequency domain HRV were measured from a two-minute electrocardiographic recording in 1987-1989. Linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: We included 9,332 participants (mean age 54.4 ± 5.7 years, 55% women, and 25% black) in the analysis. Only vital exhaustion was consistently associated with HRV, as per the table, which shows the change in ln(HRV) per point increase in score. Compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of vital exhaustion was associated with a 13.3% (95% CI, 3.9% - 21.3%) decrease in low frequency HRV in adjusted models. By comparison, each year of added age was associated with a 3.7% (95% CI, 3.1% to 4.2%) decrease in LF HRV. Conclusion: A high level of vital exhaustion was associated with low HRV, while anger proneness and social support were not. The inverse vital exhaustion-HRV association raises concern regarding the somatic manifestations of stress, a potential target for preventive interventions.

Strength training reduces arterial blood pressure but not sympathetic neural activity in young normotensive subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2212-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Carter ◽  
Chester A. Ray ◽  
Emily M. Downs ◽  
William H. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Body Resistance

The effects of resistance training on arterial blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest have not been established. Although endurance training is commonly recommended to lower arterial blood pressure, it is not known whether similar adaptations occur with resistance training. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that whole body resistance training reduces arterial blood pressure at rest, with concomitant reductions in MSNA. Twelve young [21 ± 0.3 (SE) yr] subjects underwent a program of whole body resistance training 3 days/wk for 8 wk. Resting arterial blood pressure ( n = 12; automated sphygmomanometer) and MSNA ( n = 8; peroneal nerve microneurography) were measured during a 5-min period of supine rest before and after exercise training. Thirteen additional young (21 ± 0.8 yr) subjects served as controls. Resistance training significantly increased one-repetition maximum values in all trained muscle groups ( P < 0.001), and it significantly decreased systolic (130 ± 3 to 121 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.01), diastolic (69 ± 3 to 61 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.04), and mean (89 ± 2 to 81 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.01) arterial blood pressures at rest. Resistance training did not affect MSNA or heart rate. Arterial blood pressures and MSNA were unchanged, but heart rate increased after 8 wk of relative inactivity for subjects in the control group (61 ± 2 to 67 ± 3 beats/min; P = 0.01). These results indicate that whole body resistance exercise training might decrease the risk for development of cardiovascular disease by lowering arterial blood pressure but that reductions of pressure are not coupled to resistance exercise-induced decreases of sympathetic tone.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Propofol and Etomidate on the Haemodynamic Effects During Induction and Endotracheal Intubation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Mallika Rayamajhi ◽  
Puja Thapa ◽  
Anjan Khadka ◽  
Biswa Ram Amatya ◽  
Udaya Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Group B ◽  
Induction Agents

Introduction: While most intravenous induction agents decrease arterial blood pressure, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Propofol causes a decrease in systemic blood pressure whereas etomidate has minimal effects on the cardiovascular system. This study aims to evaluate and compare the hemodynamic effects of propofol and etomidate during induction and endotracheal intubation. Methods: 62 ASA I and II patients, 20-60 years of age, scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled in this prospective, randomised and double blind comparative study. Group A received inj. Propofol (2 mg/kg) and group B received inj. Etomidate (0.3 mg/kg), as induction agents. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded after induction and after intubation at one, three, five and ten minutes and intergroup comparisons were made. Results: After induction the decrease in systolic, diastolic and the mean arterial pressures were more in group A compared to group B (p = 0.003, 0.004 and 0.002). After 1 minute of intubation all haemodynamic parameters increased from the baseline with no significant differences between the two groups (p >0.05). At three minutes the decrease in heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure was more in group A than group B with p values of 0.001, 0.002 and 0.05, however systolic blood pressures showed no significant difference (p = 0.144). The decrease in blood pressures showed significant difference between the two groups (p <0.05) at five and ten minutes but the decrease in heart rate remained significant only at five minutes of intubation (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Propofol and etomidate are both effective in preventing the haemodynamic changes due to induction and endotracheal intubation, with etomidate providing more haemodynamic stability.

ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN PERSONS AFTER SMOKING CESSATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e167
Author(s):  
M. Poreba ◽  
R. Poreba ◽  
P. Gac ◽  
W. Pilecki ◽  
M. Sobieszczanska
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Lisinopril Indifferently Improves Heart Rate Variability During Day and Night Periods in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2013 ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ALBARWANI ◽  
S. AL-SIYABI ◽  
M. O. TANIRA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Arterial Blood

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of 10 weeks of lisinopril treatment to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) on day/night variations of blood pressure, heart rate and autonomic cardio-regulation parameters. Male SHR with surgically implanted radio-telemetry implant that provided direct measurements of arterial pressure and electrocardiogram wave were used. Animals were allocated to two groups (n=5 each). The first group was treated with lisinopril (20 mg/kg by gavage) daily for 10 weeks (treated group); whereas the second was gavaged daily with tap water (untreated group). Arterial blood pressure, ECG and other telemetry parameters were recorded at the start and at the end of 10-week treatment. Collected data were analyzed using specialized software and were statistically tested. In addition to the expected lowering of blood pressure, spectral analysis of R-R intervals revealed that lisinopril treatment for 10 weeks significantly caused 2-3 fold increase in heart rate variability (HRV) during both active and inactive periods. However, R-R interval durations demonstrated variable distribution patterns during those periods. The cause of observed distribution pattern of R-R intervals during active and inactive periods may be of significance to better understand HRV changes and warrants further investigations.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of blood pressure and heart rate variability: an insight from low-level paraplegia

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (4) ◽  
pp. R1502-R1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Castiglioni ◽  
Marco Di Rienzo ◽  
Arsenio Veicsteinas ◽  
Gianfranco Parati ◽  
Giampiero Merati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Neural Oscillator ◽  
Sympathetic Activation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Baroreflex Function ◽  
Cord Injury

It is still unclear whether the low-frequency oscillation in heart rate is generated by an endogenous neural oscillator or by a baroreflex resonance. Our aim was to investigate this issue by analyzing blood pressure and heart rate variability and the baroreflex function in paraplegic subjects with spinal cord injury below the fourth thoracic vertebra. These subjects were selected because they represent a model of intact central neural drive to the heart, with a partially impaired autonomic control of the vessels. In our study, arterial blood pressure and ECG were recorded in 33 able-bodied controls and in 33 subjects with spinal cord lesions between the fifth thoracic and the fourth lumbar vertebra 1) during supine rest (lowest sympathetic activation), 2) sitting on a wheelchair (light sympathetic activation), and 3) during exercise (moderate sympathetic activation). Blood pressure and heart rate spectra, coherence, and baroreflex function (sequence technique) were estimated in each condition. Compared with controls, paraplegic subjects showed a reduction of the low-frequency power of blood pressure and heart rate, and, unlike controls, a 0.1-Hz peak did not appear in their spectra. Sympathetic activation increased the 0.1-Hz peak of blood pressure and heart rate and the coherence at 0.1 Hz in controls only. Paraplegic subjects also had significantly lower baroreflex effectiveness and greater blood pressure variability. In conclusion, the disappearance of the 10-s oscillation of heart rate and blood pressure in subjects with spinal cord lesion supports the hypothesis of the baroreflex nature of this phenomenon.

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