scholarly journals Acute Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Zumba and ZOCA Dance Exercises among Females of Selected Gyms in Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Chanda Grace Chisunka ◽  
◽  
Gibson Sijumbila ◽  
Fastone Goma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Aerobic Dance ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitors ◽  
Blood Pressures

Background: Dynamic exercises are known to elicit hemodynamic changes such as an increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Zumba and ZOCA are part of a fast growing group of dance fitness programmes designed to provide a cardiovascular dynamic workout. Despite their growing popularity, very few studies have been done to provide knowledge regarding the hemodynamic changes associated with these exercises. Methods: Case study in which 27 females took part in either a Zumba or ZOCA class. Using digital blood pressure monitors, recordings of blood pressure and heart rate were taken, firstly, before commencement of the exercise, secondly, after 30 minutes after exercise and thirdly, at the end of the class.Results: Mean baseline blood pressures were 118 (SD = 14) mmHg and 77 (SD = 7) mmHg, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. After 30 minutes of dancing, mean systolic blood pressure increased to 130 (SD = 19) mmHg (p˂ 0.05) while diastolic blood pressureonly rose to an average of 80 (SD = 8) mmHg (p˃ 0.05). At the end of the class (after the cool down phase) mean systolic blood pressure reduced to 109 (SD = 13) mmHg (p˂0.05) while diastolic blood pressure reduced to 74(SD = 12) mmHg (p˂ 0.05). Conclusions: Zumba and ZOCA elicited significant hemodynamic changes that can be attributed to these exercises stimulating the cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms (e.g central command and exercise-pressor) sufficiently and hence resulting in autonomic adjustmentsthat were concurrent with effective dynamic exercise. Keywords: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Aerobic, Dance Exercise

Strength training reduces arterial blood pressure but not sympathetic neural activity in young normotensive subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2212-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Carter ◽  
Chester A. Ray ◽  
Emily M. Downs ◽  
William H. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Body Resistance

The effects of resistance training on arterial blood pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest have not been established. Although endurance training is commonly recommended to lower arterial blood pressure, it is not known whether similar adaptations occur with resistance training. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that whole body resistance training reduces arterial blood pressure at rest, with concomitant reductions in MSNA. Twelve young [21 ± 0.3 (SE) yr] subjects underwent a program of whole body resistance training 3 days/wk for 8 wk. Resting arterial blood pressure ( n = 12; automated sphygmomanometer) and MSNA ( n = 8; peroneal nerve microneurography) were measured during a 5-min period of supine rest before and after exercise training. Thirteen additional young (21 ± 0.8 yr) subjects served as controls. Resistance training significantly increased one-repetition maximum values in all trained muscle groups ( P < 0.001), and it significantly decreased systolic (130 ± 3 to 121 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.01), diastolic (69 ± 3 to 61 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.04), and mean (89 ± 2 to 81 ± 2 mmHg; P = 0.01) arterial blood pressures at rest. Resistance training did not affect MSNA or heart rate. Arterial blood pressures and MSNA were unchanged, but heart rate increased after 8 wk of relative inactivity for subjects in the control group (61 ± 2 to 67 ± 3 beats/min; P = 0.01). These results indicate that whole body resistance exercise training might decrease the risk for development of cardiovascular disease by lowering arterial blood pressure but that reductions of pressure are not coupled to resistance exercise-induced decreases of sympathetic tone.

scholarly journals Oral clonidine versus intravenous fentanyl in attenuation of hemodynamic responses to larngoscopy and endotracheal intubation: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Rukmini G. ◽  
Srinivas M. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Oral Clonidine ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Fentanyl Group

Background: During endotracheal intubation, it has been observed that there is evolvement of the responses of the circulatory in nature. These are difficult to control using the IV anesthetic drugs. Hence various agents are tried to overcome this drawback. Objective of research work was to study efficacy of oral clonidine on hemodynamic responses compared to IV fentanyl while patients undergo larngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.Methods: The patients were allocated into two groups of 30 each. i.e. 30 patients in clonidine group and 30 patients in fentanyl group. All the patients received were pre-medicated with glycoprrolate 0.2mg, ondansetron 4mg and tramadol 1mg/kg body weight. Cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure,) were recorded at the following intervals: pre-induction, after induction, at endotracheal intubation, one minute, three minutes and five minutes after intubation.Results: The heart rate was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. The systolic blood pressure was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. The diastolic blood pressure was significantly more at various intervals in patients who belonged to fentanyl group and it was significantly lesser in clonidine group. Similar was the case with mean arterial blood pressure.Conclusions: Clonidine has been found to be more effective than IV fentanyl in stabilizing the cardiovascular parameters. Not only that orally it is easier to administer and cost effective.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Propofol and Etomidate on the Haemodynamic Effects During Induction and Endotracheal Intubation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Mallika Rayamajhi ◽  
Puja Thapa ◽  
Anjan Khadka ◽  
Biswa Ram Amatya ◽  
Udaya Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Group B ◽  
Induction Agents

Introduction: While most intravenous induction agents decrease arterial blood pressure, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Propofol causes a decrease in systemic blood pressure whereas etomidate has minimal effects on the cardiovascular system. This study aims to evaluate and compare the hemodynamic effects of propofol and etomidate during induction and endotracheal intubation. Methods: 62 ASA I and II patients, 20-60 years of age, scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled in this prospective, randomised and double blind comparative study. Group A received inj. Propofol (2 mg/kg) and group B received inj. Etomidate (0.3 mg/kg), as induction agents. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded after induction and after intubation at one, three, five and ten minutes and intergroup comparisons were made. Results: After induction the decrease in systolic, diastolic and the mean arterial pressures were more in group A compared to group B (p = 0.003, 0.004 and 0.002). After 1 minute of intubation all haemodynamic parameters increased from the baseline with no significant differences between the two groups (p >0.05). At three minutes the decrease in heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure was more in group A than group B with p values of 0.001, 0.002 and 0.05, however systolic blood pressures showed no significant difference (p = 0.144). The decrease in blood pressures showed significant difference between the two groups (p <0.05) at five and ten minutes but the decrease in heart rate remained significant only at five minutes of intubation (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Propofol and etomidate are both effective in preventing the haemodynamic changes due to induction and endotracheal intubation, with etomidate providing more haemodynamic stability.

Orthostatic Circulatory Control in the Elderly Evaluated by Non-Invasive Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. M. Imholz ◽  
J. H. A. Dambrink ◽  
J. M. Karemaker ◽  
W. Wieling
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Blood Pressures

1. Continuous orthostatic responses of blood pressure and heart rate were measured in 40 healthy and active elderly subjects over 70 years of age in order to assess the time course and rapidity of orthostatic cardiovascular adaptation in old age. 2. During the first 30 s (initial phase) the effects of active standing and passive head-up tilt closely resembled those observed earlier in younger age groups. Standing up was accompanied by a drop (mean ± SD) in systolic and diastolic blood pressures of 26 ± 13 mmHg and 12 ± 18 mmHg, respectively, at around 10 s, and a subsequent rise up to 11 ± 17 mmHg and 8 ± 6 mmHg above supine values at around 20 s. The drop in blood pressure upon standing was accompanied by a transient increase in heart rate with a maximum of 13 beats/min, followed by a gradual decrease to 7 beats/min above supine levels. These characteristic transient changes were absent upon a passive head-up tilt. 3. After 1–2 min of standing (early steady-state phase) diastolic blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly after active and passive postural changes. On average, for all subjects systolic blood pressure tended to increase from control during 5–10 min standing, reaching a significant difference at 10 min. During standing, the largest increases in systolic blood pressure were found in subjects with the lowest supine blood pressures. 4. In conclusion, for the investigation of orthostatic circulatory responses in elderly subjects the following factors have to be taken into account: active versus passive changes in posture, the timing of the blood pressure reading, and the level of supine blood pressure.

Pharmacodynamic Interaction between Propofol and Alfentanil When Given for Induction of Anesthesia

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-299. ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap Vuyk ◽  
Frank H. M. Engbers ◽  
Anton G. L. Burm ◽  
Arie A. Vletter ◽  
Gerard E. R. Griever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Target Concentration ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Interaction ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Computer Controlled

Background Propofol and alfentanil often are combined during induction of anesthesia. However, the interaction between these agents during induction has not been studied in detail. The influence of alfentanil on the propofol concentration-effect relationships was studied for loss of eyelash reflex, loss of consciousness, and hemodynamic function in 20 unpremedicated ASA physical status 1 patients aged 20-55 yr. Methods Patients were randomly divided into four groups to receive a computer- controlled infusion of alfentanil with target concentrations of 0, 50, 200, or 400 ng/ml (groups A, B, C, and D, respectively). While the target concentration of alfentanil was maintained constant, patients received a computer- controlled infusion of propofol, with an initial target concentration of 0.5-1 microgram/ml, that was increased every 12 min by 0.5-1 microgram/ml. Every 3 min, the eyelash reflex and state of consciousness were tested an an arterial blood sample was taken for blood propofol and plasma alfentanil determination. The propofol-alfentanil concentration-response relationships for loss of eyelash reflex and loss of consciousness were determined by nonlinear regression, and for the percentage of change in systolic blood pressure and heart rate by logistic regression. Results The patient characteristics did not differ significantly among the four groups. The patients in groups A and B continued to breathe adequately, whereas all patients in groups C and D required assisted ventilation. End-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure remained less than 46 mmHg in all patients. With plasma alfentanil concentrations increasing from 0 to 500 ng/ml, the EC(50) of propofol decreased from 2.07 to 0.83 microgram/ml for loss of eyelash reflex and from 3.62 to 1.55 microgram/ml for loss of consciousness. With plasma alfentanil concentrations increasing from 0 to 500 ng/ml, the blood propofol concentrations associated with a 10% decrease in systolic blood pressure and heart rate decreased from 1.68 to 0.17 microgram/ml and from 2.36 to 0.04 microgram/ml, respectively. Conclusions Alfentanil significantly reduces blood propofol concentrations required for loss of eyelash reflex and loss of consciousness. In addition, alfentanil enhances the depressant effects of propofol on systolic blood pressure and heart rate. Hemodynamic stability, therefore, does not increase in patients receiving propofol in combination with alfentanil compared to those receiving propofol as the sole agent for induction of anesthesia.

Cardiopulmonary regulation after rapid-eye-movement sleep deprivation

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 970-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. DeMesquita ◽  
G. A. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Rem Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Recovery Sleep ◽  
Arterial Blood

Arterial blood pressure, chest movement, electroencephalogram, and electromyogram were monitored in six normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 h/day 3 days before and 4 days after 114 h of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep deprivation. During recovery sleep immediately after REM sleep deprivation (RD), there was a significant increase in the amount of time spent in REM sleep. During this rebound in REM sleep, there was a significant rise (26%) in heart rate in wakefulness, non-REM sleep, and REM sleep during the first 4 h after RD. Systolic blood pressure was also significantly elevated (14%) but only during wakefulness before recovery sleep. Rats with the greatest waking systolic blood pressure after RD had the lowest REM sleep rebound in the 4 h immediately after RD (r = -0.885, P less than 0.05). The rise in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and REM sleep time evident on day 1 immediately after RD was absent on recovery days 2–4. The respiratory rate tended to be higher throughout the recovery period in every state of consciousness; however, these values never reached the level of significance. In the initial recovery sleep period, regulation of heart rate was more disrupted by REM sleep deprivation than either arterial blood pressure or respiratory rate.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic and perceptual responses to blood flow-restricted exercise among patients undergoing dialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (3) ◽  
pp. F843-F850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Clarkson ◽  
Catherine Brumby ◽  
Steve F. Fraser ◽  
Lawrence P. McMahon ◽  
Paul N. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Blood Flow Restricted Exercise

End-stage kidney disease is associated with reduced exercise capacity, muscle atrophy, and impaired muscle function. While these may be improved with exercise, single modalities of exercise do not traditionally elicit improvements across all required physiological domains. Blood flow-restricted exercise may improve all of these physiological domains with low intensities traditionally considered insufficient for these adaptions. Investigation of this technique appeals, but is yet to be evaluated, in patients undergoing dialysis. With the use of a progressive crossover design, 10 satellite patients undergoing hemodialysis underwent three exercise conditions over 2 wk: two bouts (10 min) of unrestricted cycling during two consecutive hemodialysis sessions ( condition 1), two bouts of cycling with blood flow restriction while off hemodialysis on 2 separate days ( condition 2), and two bouts of cycling with blood flow restriction during two hemodialysis sessions ( condition 3). Outcomes included hemodynamic responses (heart rate and blood pressure) throughout all sessions, participant-perceived exertion and discomfort on a Borg scale, and evaluation of ultrafiltration rates and dialysis adequacy (Kt/V) obtained post hoc. Hemodynamic responses were consistent regardless of condition. Significant increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure ( P < 0.05) were observed postexercise followed by a reduction in blood pressures during the 60-min recovery (12, 5, and 11 mmHg for systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures, respectively). Blood pressures returned to predialysis ranges following the recovery period. Blood flow restriction did not affect ultrafiltration achieved or Kt/V. Hemodynamic safety and tolerability of blood flow restriction during aerobic exercise on hemodialysis is comparable to standard aerobic exercise.

scholarly journals A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl on attenuation of pressor response during laryngoscopy and intubation in neurosurgical patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3246
Author(s):  
Shazia Anjum ◽  
Sarbjit Singh Chhiber ◽  
Majid Khan ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Talib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine Concentrations ◽  
Group D

Background: Laryngoscopy is associated with a sympathetic response that results in a rapid increase in blood pressure and heart rate in these patients. The mechanisms underlying these hemodynamic changes are incompletely understood. They may be caused by a reflex sympathetic discharge due to stimulation of the upper respiratory tract. It has been observed that hemodynamic responses to tracheal intubation are associated with an increase in plasma catecholamine concentrations and are attenuated by β-adrenergic blockade. These hemodynamic changes may be undesirable particularly in neurosurgical patients. Aim of the study is the present study was prospective, randomized, double-blind conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dexmdetomidine and fentanyl in attenuation of pressor responses to laryngoscopy and intubation in neurosurgical patients undergoing lumbar spine surgeries.Methods: A total of 60 patients of 18–65 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologists Class I/II of undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group D received dexmedetomidine and Group F received Fentanyl. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were recorded preoperatively (baseline), at 5 and 8 minutes after infusion of study drug, before induction, 1 minute after induction, 2 minute after intubation, 5 minute after intubation, 10 minute after intubation  and 15 minute after intubation.Results: There was a better control of Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure   and mean arterial pressure in Group D when compared to Group F during laryngoscopy and after intubation.Conclusions: The present study shows that dexmedetomidine suppresses hemodynamic responses effectively than fentanyl.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Controlling the Hemodynamic Responses after Intubation: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Clinical Trial Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2045-2050
Author(s):  
Alireza Kamali ◽  
Mehrdad Taghizadeh ◽  
Mohtaram Esfandiar ◽  
Amin Shams Akhtari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group D

AIM: This study aimed to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and propofol in controlling the hemodynamic response following intubation of patients’ candidate intubation in the emergency department METHODS: A total of 114 patients were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups to receive one of the following treatments: dexmedetomidine 0.4 µg/kg (Group D, n = 57) and propofol 1–1.5 mg/kg/h (Group P, n = 57). Hemodynamic data such as the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate (HR) were recorded from the entrance to operation room to 5, 10 and 15 min after tracheal intubation RESULTS: Compared with group D, group P exhibited increases in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and systolic blood pressure significantly at all times and immediately after the endotracheal intubation. Moreover, the mean diastolic blood pressure changes due to tracheal intubation in group P were significantly more than group D immediately after the intubation. Furthermore, the mean heart rate changes immediately and 5 min after tracheal intubation was significantly higher in group P CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the benefits of dexmedetomidine more than propofol in hemodynamic stability because propofol was associated with more variability in systolic/diastolic blood pressure, HR and MAP after endotracheal intubation.

Blood Pressure Ranges in Premature Infants: II. The First Week of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hegyi ◽  
Mujahid Anwar ◽  
Mary Terese Carbone ◽  
Barbara Ostfeld ◽  
Mark Hiatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Blood Pressures

Objective. To examine the arterial blood pressure in the first week of life in a healthy premature population. Design. Population-based cohort study. Setting. Three intensive care nurseries in central New Jersey. Patients. Premature infants with birth weights less than 2000 g. Main Outcome Measures. We documented daily maximum and minimum systolic and maximum and minimum diastolic blood pressures during the first 7 days of life. To examine the effects on these ranges of blood pressure of specific risk factors likely to affect blood pressure, we identified four groups of infants: (1) healthy infants without any of the major risk factors (n = 193); (2) infants who were mechanically ventilated but free of any of the other conditions (n = 225); (3) infants with histories of maternal hypertension or preeclampsia (n = 38); and (4) infants with low Apgar scores (less than 3 at 1 minute and less than 6 at 5 minutes) regardless of the presence of other conditions (n = 86). Results. Blood pressure increased steadily in the first week of life in all four groups. There was no relationship between any of the four blood pressure variables, or trends in blood pressure over time, with birth weight, gender, or race. Regression equations (based on all infants with available data) for blood pressure ranges by day of life revealed that the maximum systolic blood pressure increased by 2.6 mm Hg/d, the minimum systolic blood pressure increased by 1.8 mm Hg/d, the maximum diastolic blood pressure increased by 2.0 mm Hg/d, and the minimum diastolic blood pressure increased by 1.3 mm Hg/d. Conclusions. Infants with birth asphyxia and ventilated infants had significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures than healthy infants.

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