Temporal Dimensions of Unemployment and Relationship Happiness in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Blom ◽  
Brienna Perelli-Harris
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Unemployment Duration ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Relationship Happiness ◽  
Duration Of Unemployment ◽  
Temporal Dimensions

Abstract Here we study how unemployment is related to partner relationship happiness in the United Kingdom. We investigate multiple dimensions of unemployment—current unemployment, changes in unemployment, duration of unemployment, and past unemployment—each of which provides unique insights into how economic uncertainty can strain relationships. Not including these aspects potentially leads to an underestimation of the long-term effect of unemployment and times when couples are especially affected. Using British longitudinal data (UK Household Longitudinal Study), we employ random and fixed regression analyses. The results highlight the gendered nature of relationships and employment within British couples. As found in previous studies, unemployment, particularly men’s unemployment, is associated with unhappier relationships. However, we find that over the long-run, relationship happiness declined and did not always recover. In addition, men’s re-employment did not solve problems rising from unemployment, especially for women, who continued to be less happy with the relationship when their male partner was unemployed in the recent past. Overall, the research showed that unemployment is not only related to relationship happiness at the time of unemployment, but had a scarring effect on relationship happiness.

Altar Call in Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta A. Balbier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Altar Call ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
International Ministry

This book provides a transnational history of Billy Graham’s revival work in the 1950s, zooming in on his revival meetings in London (1954), Berlin (1954/1960), and New York (1957). It shows how Graham’s international ministry took shape in the context of transatlantic debates about the place and future of religion in public life after the experiences of war and at the onset of the Cold War, and through a constant exchange of people, ideas, and practices. It explores the transnational nature of debates about the religious underpinnings of the “Free World” and sheds new light on the contested relationship between business, consumerism, and religion. In the context of Graham’s revival meetings, ordinary Christians, theologians, ministers, and church leaders in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom discussed, experienced, and came to terms with religious modernization and secular anxieties, Cold War culture, and the rise of consumerism. The transnational connectedness of their political, economic, and spiritual hopes and fears brings a narrative to life that complicates our understanding of the different secularization paths the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany embarked on in the 1950s. During Graham’s altar call in Europe, the contours of a transatlantic revival become visible, even if in the long run it was unable to develop a dynamism that could have sustained this moment in these different national and religious contexts.

Financial innovation and the long-run demand for money in the United Kingdom and in West-Germany

1995 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Biefang-Frisancho Mariscal ◽  
Hans-Michael Trautwein ◽  
Peter Howells ◽  
Philip Arestis ◽  
Harald Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Demand For Money ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run

The Long Run Growth and Productivity Performance of the United Kingdom

1997 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
>S. N. Broadberry
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run

scholarly journals Terrorism and Tourism

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Mustafa Göktuğ Kaya ◽  
Stephen Taiwo Onifade ◽  
Ayhan Akpınar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Continuous Support

The booming tourism sector in Turkey has resulted in major economic gains in terms of direct revenues to both government and private sectors alike. Turkey had more than 45 million visits in 2018, and top inbound arrivals were from Russia and European Union (EU) members, such as Germany, the United Kingdom, and Bulgaria, among others (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD], 2020). However, terrorism is becoming a challenge to tourism development. This study explores terrorism–tourism dynamics in Turkey. The short- and long-run impacts of terror attacks on tourism revenues were examined within the framework of an autoregressive lag (ARDL) model using monthly data for the period between 2012 and 2018. The empirical findings did not support terrorism's effects on tourism revenues. However, in the long run, terror-related casualties and fatalities on tourism revenues had different effects. The findings affirm that the casualty rate has a stronger impact on terrorism–tourism dynamics in Turkey because a 1% increase in reported injuries from terror attacks hampers revenues by approximately 0.1%. Hence, adequate and continuous support for general security establishments is imperative while strengthening commitments to the international cooperation on the war against terrorism to proactively contain the undesirable impacts of terrorism in the Turkish tourism industry,

UK Brexit is likely to worsen inequality

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
The Eu

Significance The consensus among most economists is that whatever the eventual deal, the United Kingdom will be worse off in the long run as a result of leaving the EU. However, the economic impacts will be far from uniform across the country. Impacts The Labour Party is in a better position than the Conservatives to benefit from the increased salience of distributional issues. The automotive, chemicals and pharmaceuticals sectors and the local economies they support are disproportionately exposed. Opposition to trade deals could rise as workers may fear that a flood of cheap imports could threaten their jobs. There is a close association between health and wealth, so poorer areas falling further behind could mean worse health outcomes.

Analyzing the Impact of Real Effective Exchange Rate and Investment on Trade Deficit in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249
Author(s):  
Allah Ditta ◽  
Ruqayya Ibraheem ◽  
Muahammad Ayub
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
The Impact

The major purpose of this study is to determine the long-run and short-run determinants of the trade deficit in the United Kingdom (UK). The autoregressive distributive lagged (ARDL) approach has been employed for estimation purposes in this study. The study finds that there is negative and significant relationship exists between the real effective exchange rate (REER) and the export to import ratio in the long run. The empirical results reveal that a one percent increase in REER causes a decrease in the export to import ratio by 0.37%, while a positive relationship is observed between REER and the export to import ratio in the short run. The impact of gross fixed capital formation on the export to import ratio is statistically significant and negative in the long run as well as in the short run. The value is negative and statistically significant which validates convergence towards the equilibrium both in the case of UK exports to high-income and low-income trading partners (LITPs). The study suggests that real exchange rate and investment are major determinants for trade balance in the case of the United Kingdom and need proper attention.

Environmental Pollution, Income Inequality, and Household Energy Consumption: Evidence from the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

This study explored the impact of income inequality, household energy consumption, government expenditure, and investment on carbon dioxide emissions at the household level over the period 1970–2015 in the United Kingdom. The study applied Clemente–Montanes–Reyes unit root test to identify structural break in the time series. Further, the cointegrating relationship of the time series observations was explored by applying the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) (linear) bounds test approach along with the nonlinear ARDL for making fruitful comparisons in the long-run relationship among the variables. The paper used Bayer–Hanck combined cointegration method for robustness test in the cointegrating methods. In addition, the causality analysis was explored using the Toda–Yamato (1995) method of Granger causality. The results confirmed the existence of cointegration among the variables.The estimated NARDL results show that in the long run the negative asymmetric impact of the income inequality is stronger than the positive impact. The paper concludes that there is an urgent need to reduce income inequality in the United Kingdom to improve equitable consumption of energy at the household level. Last the causality test shows that there exists unidirectional causality from inequality transmission to carbon emissions.

scholarly journals The Long‐Run Effects of Unemployment Monitoring and Work‐Search Programs: Experimental Evidence from the United Kingdom

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dolton ◽  
Donal O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run

scholarly journals Redistribution and Insurance in Welfare States Around the World

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bartels ◽  
Dirk Neumann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Income Smoothing ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
High Level

Redistribution across individuals in a one-year-period framework is an empirically intensely studied question. However, a substantial share of annual redistribution might turn out to serve individual insurance in a longer perspective, reducing the level of actual redistribution across individuals. This paper investigates to what extent long-run redistribution diverges from annual redistribution in welfare states of different types. Exploiting panel data from the Cross-National Equivalent File (CNEF) for Australia, Germany, South Korea, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States, we find that welfare states like Germany that are assumed to engage in a high level of redistribution actually achieve relatively less redistribution between individuals in the long run than the United Kingdom or the United States. Regression results show that a higher share of elderly in a country is associated with more annual redistribution, but with less long-run redistribution between individuals. The results suggest that, in welfare states with aging populations, we might expect growing annual redistribution that, to a substantial extent, is in fact income smoothing for the elderly. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper Series)

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