Parent hazardous drinking and their children’s alcohol use in early and mid-adolescence: prospective cohort study

Abstract Background Why adolescents’ drinking is associated with their parents’ drinking remains unclear. We examined associations in a prospective cohort study, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and family factors. Methods We recruited 1927 children from grade 7 classes (mean age 13 years), and one of their parents, in three Australian states, contacted participants annually from 2010 to 2014, and analysed data from assessments at ages 13, 14, 15 and 16 years. We used the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) subscale to identify hazardous drinking in parents (score ≥5) and children (score ≥3) and constructed mixed-effect logistic regression models, accounting for clustering within school and adjusting for likely confounders. We evaluated the sensitivity of estimates by imputing missing values assuming the data were missing at random vs. missing not at random. Results Parent hazardous drinking predicted mid-adolescent hazardous drinking, e.g. 15 years olds whose parents [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.00; 95% confidence interval 1.51–2.64] or parents’ partners (aOR 1.94; 1.48–2.55) were hazardous drinkers had higher odds of being hazardous drinkers at age 16. The magnitude of univariate associations changed little after adjusting for covariates, and sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the association, across a wide range of assumptions about the missing data. Conclusions The associations between parents’ and their adolescent children’s hazardous drinking are unlikely to be due to confounding by socio-demographic and family factors. Parents should be encouraged, and supported by public policy, to reduce their own alcohol consumption in order to reduce their children’s risk of becoming hazardous drinkers.

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Khat and Alcohol Use Disorders Predict Poorer Adherence to Anti-Tuberculosis Medications in Southwest Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3445551 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

matiwos Daba ◽

Markos Tesfaye ◽

Kristina Adorjan ◽

Wolfgang Krahl ◽

Elias Tesfaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Alcohol Use Disorders ◽

Southwest Ethiopia

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Are people with metabolically healthy obesity really healthy? A prospective cohort study of 381,363 UK Biobank participants

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-021-05484-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ziyi Zhou ◽

John Macpherson ◽

Stuart R. Gray ◽

Jason M. R. Gill ◽

Paul Welsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Incident Diabetes ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽

Wide Range ◽

Metabolically Healthy

Abstract Aims/hypothesis People with obesity and a normal metabolic profile are sometimes referred to as having ‘metabolically healthy obesity’ (MHO). However, whether this group of individuals are actually ‘healthy’ is uncertain. This study aims to examine the associations of MHO with a wide range of obesity-related outcomes. Methods This is a population-based prospective cohort study of 381,363 UK Biobank participants with a median follow-up of 11.2 years. MHO was defined as having a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and at least four of the six metabolically healthy criteria. Outcomes included incident diabetes and incident and fatal atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD), heart failure (HF) and respiratory diseases. Results Compared with people who were not obese at baseline, those with MHO had higher incident HF (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.45, 1.75) and respiratory disease (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.16, 1.25) rates, but not higher ASCVD. The associations of MHO were generally weaker for fatal outcomes and only significant for all-cause (HR 1.12; 95% CI 1.04, 1.21) and HF mortality rates (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.09, 1.89). However, when compared with people who were metabolically healthy without obesity, participants with MHO had higher rates of incident diabetes (HR 4.32; 95% CI 3.83, 4.89), ASCVD (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.10, 1.27), HF (HR 1.76; 95% CI 1.61, 1.92), respiratory diseases (HR 1.28; 95% CI 1.24, 1.33) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.22; 95% CI 1.14, 1.31). The results with a 5 year landmark analysis were similar. Conclusions/interpretation Weight management should be recommended to all people with obesity, irrespective of their metabolic status, to lower risk of diabetes, ASCVD, HF and respiratory diseases. The term ‘MHO’ should be avoided as it is misleading and different strategies for risk stratification should be explored. Graphical abstract

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Erratum: No association of alcohol use and the risk of ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease: data from a European Prospective cohort study (EPIC)

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1038/ejcn.2017.16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 566-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M M Bergmann ◽

V Hernandez ◽

W Bernigau ◽

H Boeing ◽

S S M Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort

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Abstract 186: IV tPA Recanalization Rates by Site of Occlusion and Time After tPA Bolus- Main Results Of The Interrsect Multinational Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.186 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Bijoy K Menon ◽

Mohamed Najm ◽

Fahad Al-Ajlan ◽

Josep Puig Alcantara ◽

Dar Dowlatshahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Residual Flow ◽

Wide Range ◽

Administration Time ◽

Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Multicenter Prospective Cohort ◽

Iv Tpa

Introduction: Decisions to transport patients from primary to comprehensive stroke centre would be influenced by info on likelihood/timing of spontaneous or IV tPA recanalization (recan). We examined recan rates by time for a wide range of occlusion sites in the INTERRSeCT multicenter prospective cohort study. Methods: Acute stroke patients consented/enrolled at 12 centers/5 countries if intracranial occlusion present on baseline CTA; eGFR≥60 ml/min. CTA was repeated 2-6 hrs later for recan unless patient taken for EVT (first run of angio used instead). Primary outcome was successful recan (rAOL scale score 2b/3) interpreted by central core lab. Results: 619 patients enrolled, 81.6% received IV tPA. 59.9% recan by follow-up CTA and 40.1% by first run angio. Median baseline NIHSS 14 (IQR 11); mean age 70.1 yrs (SD 13); median onset to baseline CTA 115 mins (IQR 108). Recan assessment imaging median 162 mins (IQR 198) from IV tPA bolus or baseline CTA (if no IV tPA). Successful recan (rAOL 2b-3) rates comparing baseline to repeat imaging shown in Figure 1a (IV tPA red; no IV tPA blue). IV tPA had much higher recan than non-IV tPA group (30.5% vs 11%, p<0.0001). Successful recan rates by occlusion site and by time from IV tPA bolus shown in Figure 1b. Site of occlusion, tPA administration, time from tPA to recan assessment and baseline residual flow were the only independent predictors of recan (all p<0.0001). Distal M1 MCA had highest recan [RR 4.12; 95% CI 1.91-8.86 vs. ICA]. Conclusions: Early recan rates were low across all occlusion sites. Beyond 6 hrs post tPA, recan rates approached EVT levels except for ICA. Imaging factors such as residual flow may further refine transport/triage decisions.

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Predicting the outcome of persistent sciatica using conditioned pain modulation: 1-year results from a prospective cohort study

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1515/sjpain-2019-0112 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 69-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olaf R. Fjeld ◽

Margreth Grotle ◽

Dagfinn Matre ◽

Linda M. Pedersen ◽

Marie U. Lie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Pain Modulation ◽

Leg Pain ◽

Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽

Entire Study ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackground and aimsRecovery in patients hospitalised with severe sciatica is unpredictable. Prognostic tools to aid clinicians in the early identification of patients at risk of developing chronic sciatic pain are warranted. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical measure of the endogenous pain modulatory pathways. Several studies have suggested CPM as a potentially important predictive biomarker for the development of chronic pain. The aim of the study was to determine whether CPM effect in patients still suffering from leg pain 6 weeks after hospital discharge for severe sciatica is associated with persistent leg pain at 12 months. A potential association would suggest that measuring CPM effect could be a valuable prognostic tool in the hospital management of sciatica.MethodsA prospective cohort study in which CPM effect was measured 6 weeks after hospital discharge following an acute admission with sciatica as the main complaint. The impact of CPM effect on the outcome was analysed using logistic regression. The outcome measured was self-reported leg pain score of ≥1 in the past week on a 0–10 numeric rating scale (NRS) at 12 months post discharge.ResultsA total of 111 patients completed the entire study, 51 of whom received non-randomised surgical treatment. Crude and confounder adjusted analyses showed no significant association between CPM effect and leg-pain measured at 12 months, crude Odds Ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.7–1.1, p = 0.23.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CPM assessment has limited prognostic value for the long-term outcome in severe sciatica when measured 6 weeks after hospital discharge.ImplicationsThe present study adds important knowledge concerning the limited clinical use of late CPM testing in sciatica patients. The heterogeneity in patients, the wide range of treatments received and a generally favourable outcome are factors that may affect CPM’s clinical value as a prognostic factor for severe sciatica.

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