scholarly journals Analysis of a circular derivative of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome III: a physical map and identification and location of ARS elements.

Genetics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Newlon ◽  
L R Lipchitz ◽  
I Collins ◽  
A Deshpande ◽  
R J Devenish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Recombination Rates ◽  
Recombinant Plasmids ◽  
Ars Elements ◽  
Physical Maps ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
High Frequency Transformation ◽  
Restriction Site Polymorphisms

Abstract DNA was isolated from a circular derivative of chromosome III to prepare a library of recombinant plasmids enriched in chromosome III sequences. An ordered set of recombinant plasmids and bacteriophages carrying the contiguous 210-kilobase region of chromosome III between the HML and MAT loci was identified, and a complete restriction map was prepared with BamHI and EcoRI. Using the high frequency transformation assay and extensive subcloning, 13 ARS elements were mapped in the cloned region. Comparison of the physical maps of chromosome III from three strains revealed that the chromosomes differ in the number and positions of Ty elements and also show restriction site polymorphisms. A comparison of the physical map with the genetic map shows that meiotic recombination rates vary at least tenfold along the length of the chromosome.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in Rates of Recombination Across the Mouse Genome

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W Nachman ◽  
Gary A Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Recombination Rates ◽  
Physical Maps ◽  
Genomic Patterns ◽  
Mary Lyon ◽  
Microsatellite Linkage

Abstract If loci are randomly distributed on a physical map, the density of markers on a genetic map will be inversely proportional to recombination rate. First proposed by MARY LYON, we have used this idea to estimate recombination rates from the Drosophila melanogaster linkage map. These results were compared with results of two other studies that estimated regional recombination rates in D. melanogaster using both physical and genetic maps. The three methods were largely concordant in identifying large-scale genomic patterns of recombination. The marker density method was then applied to the Mus musculus microsatellite linkage map. The distribution of microsatellites provided evidence for heterogeneity in recombination rates. Centromeric regions for several mouse chromosomes had significantly greater numbers of markers than expected, suggesting that recombination rates were lower in these regions. In contrast, most telomeric regions contained significantly fewer markers than expected. This indicates that recombination rates are elevated at the telomeres of many mouse chromosomes and is consistent with a comparison of the genetic and cytogenetic maps in these regions. The density of markers on a genetic map may provide a generally useful way to estimate regional recombination rates in species for which genetic, but not physical, maps are available.

Expansions and contractions of the genetic map relative to the physical map of yeast chromosome III

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-604
Author(s):  
L S Symington ◽  
T D Petes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Yeast Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Maps ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Relationship

To examine the relationship between genetic and physical chromosome maps, we constructed a diploid strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae heterozygous for 12 restriction site mutations within a 23-kilobase (5-centimorgan) interval of chromosome III. Crossovers were not uniformly distributed along the chromosome, one interval containing significantly more and one interval significantly fewer crossovers than expected. One-third of these crossovers occurred within 6 kilobases of the centromere. Approximately half of the exchanges were associated with gene conversion events. The minimum length of gene conversion tracts varied from 4 base pairs to more than 12 kilobases, and these tracts were nonuniformly distributed along the chromosome. We conclude that the chromosomal sequence or structure has a dramatic effect on meiotic recombination.

scholarly journals Expansions and contractions of the genetic map relative to the physical map of yeast chromosome III.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
L S Symington ◽  
T D Petes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Yeast Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Maps ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
The Relationship

To examine the relationship between genetic and physical chromosome maps, we constructed a diploid strain of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae heterozygous for 12 restriction site mutations within a 23-kilobase (5-centimorgan) interval of chromosome III. Crossovers were not uniformly distributed along the chromosome, one interval containing significantly more and one interval significantly fewer crossovers than expected. One-third of these crossovers occurred within 6 kilobases of the centromere. Approximately half of the exchanges were associated with gene conversion events. The minimum length of gene conversion tracts varied from 4 base pairs to more than 12 kilobases, and these tracts were nonuniformly distributed along the chromosome. We conclude that the chromosomal sequence or structure has a dramatic effect on meiotic recombination.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Circular Derivative of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Chromosome III: A Physical Map and Identification and Location of ARS Elements

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 235C-235C
Author(s):  
C S Newlon ◽  
L R Lipschitz ◽  
I Collins ◽  
A Deshpande ◽  
R J Devenish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Ars Elements ◽  
Chromosome Iii

High Frequency Recombination During the Sexual Cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 1829-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Francis
Keyword(s):  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Restriction Sites

Abstract Analysis of Dictyostelium development and cell biology has suffered from the lack of an ordinary genetic system whereby genes can be arranged in new combinations. Genetic exchange between two long ignored strains, A2Cycr and WS205 is here reexamined. Alleles which differ in size or restriction sites between these two strains were found for seven genes. Six of these are in two clusters on chromosome 2. Frequencies of recombinant progeny indicate that the genetic map of the two mating strains is colinear with the physical map recently worked out for the standard nonsexual strain, NC4. The rate of recombination is high, about 0.1% per kilobase in three different regions of chromosome 2. This value is comparable to rates found in yeast, and will permit fine dissection of the genome.

scholarly journals Completion of Replication Map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Chromosome III

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3317-3327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadi Poloumienko ◽  
Ann Dershowitz ◽  
Jitakshi De ◽  
Carol S. Newlon
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Replication Origins ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Chromosomal Replication ◽  
Autonomously Replicating Sequence ◽  
Eukaryotic Chromosome ◽  
Ars Elements ◽  
Chromosome Iii

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomal DNA replication initiates at intervals of ∼40 kb and depends upon the activity of autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) elements. The identification of ARS elements and analysis of their function as chromosomal replication origins requires the use of functional assays because they are not sufficiently similar to identify by DNA sequence analysis. To complete the systematic identification of ARS elements onS. cerevisiae chromosome III, overlapping clones covering 140 kb of the right arm were tested for their ability to promote extrachromosomal maintenance of plasmids. Examination of chromosomal replication intermediates of each of the seven ARS elements identified revealed that their efficiencies of use as chromosomal replication origins varied widely, with four ARS elements active in ≤10% of cells in the population and two ARS elements active in ≥90% of the population. Together with our previous analysis of a 200-kb region of chromosome III, these data provide the first complete analysis of ARS elements and DNA replication origins on an entire eukaryotic chromosome.

scholarly journals Species ofBorreliadistinguished by restriction site polymorphisms in 16S rRNA genes

1993 ◽  
Vol 111 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ralph ◽  
Daniele Postic ◽  
Guy Baranton ◽  
Charles Pretzman ◽  
Michael McClelland
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Restriction Site Polymorphisms

Assignment of two mitochondrially synthesized polypeptides to human mitochondrial DNA and their use in the study of intracellular mitochondrial interaction

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
N A Oliver ◽  
D C Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Human Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ht1080 Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Dnas ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Restriction Site Polymorphisms

Two mitochondrially synthesized marker polypeptides, MV-1 and MV-2, were found in human HeLa and HT1080 cells. These were assigned to the mitochondrial DNA in HeLa-HT1080 cybrids and hybrids by demonstrating their linkage to cytoplasmic genetic markers. These markers include mitochondrial DNA restriction site polymorphisms and resistance to chloramphenicol, an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis. In the absence of chloramphenicol, the expression of MV-1 and MV-2 in cybrids and hybrids was found to be directly proportional to the ratio of the parental mitochondrial DNAs. In the presence of chloramphenicol, the marker polypeptide linked to the chloramphenicol-sensitive mitochondrial DNA continued to be expressed. This demonstrated that resistant and sensitive mitochondrial DNAs can cooperate within a cell for gene expression and that the CAP-resistant allele was dominant or codominant to sensitive. Such cooperation suggests that mitochondrial DNAs can be exchanged between mitochondria.

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