scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of High-Temperature-Induced Dauer Formation Mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ailion ◽  
James H Thomas
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Insulin Receptor Signaling ◽  
Dauer Formation ◽  
Receptor Signaling Pathway

Abstract Dauer formation in Caenorhabditis elegans is regulated by at least three signaling pathways, including an insulin receptor-signaling pathway. These pathways were defined by mutants that form dauers constitutively (Daf-c) at 25°. Screens for Daf-c mutants at 25° have probably been saturated, but failed to identify all the components involved in regulating dauer formation. Here we screen for Daf-c mutants at 27°, a more strongly dauer-inducing condition. Mutations identified include novel classes of alleles for three known genes and alleles defining at least seven new genes, hid-1–hid-7. Many of the genes appear to act in the insulin branch of the dauer pathway, including pdk-1, akt-1, aex-6, and hid-1. We also molecularly identify hid-1 and show that it encodes a novel highly conserved putative transmembrane protein expressed in neurons.

Fragile skeletal muscle attachments in dystrophic mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans: isolation and characterization of the mua genes

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Plenefisch ◽  
X. Zhu ◽  
E.M. Hedgecock
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Muscle Differentiation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tissue Separation ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Skin Fragility

Over 30 Caenorhabditis elegans mutants were identified with normal muscle differentiation and initial locomotion followed by catastrophic detachment of skeletal muscles from the body wall. Reducing the strength of muscle contraction in these mutants with a myosin gene mutation suppresses muscle detachment. These dystrophic mutants identify a novel class of genes required for growth and maintenance of functional muscle attachments, not exceptional alleles of genes required for muscle differentiation and contractility. Nine new genes, named mua, and two previously published loci, unc-23 and vab-10, cause fragile musscle attachments. The primary sites of muscle detachment, including the plane of tissue separation, are characteristic for each gene. We suggest these genes identify feedback mechanisms whereby local strain regulates the extent of myofibril contraction and the placement of new muscle attachments in functioning muscles. Finally, we draw some comparisons to vertebrate skin fragility diseases and muscular dystrophies.

scholarly journals New Genes That Interact With lin-35 Rb to Negatively Regulate the let-60 ras Pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey H Thomas ◽  
Craig J Ceol ◽  
Hillel T Schwartz ◽  
H Robert Horvitz
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Ras Pathway ◽  
Class A ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Vulval Precursor Cells ◽  
Class B ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract Previous studies have shown that a synthetic multivulva phenotype results from mutations in genes that antagonize the ras-mediated intercellular signaling system responsible for vulval induction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Synthetic multivulva mutations define two classes of genes, A and B, and a mutation in a gene of each class is required to produce the multivulva phenotype. The ectopic vulval tissue in multivulva animals is generated by vulval precursor cells that in the wild type do not generate vulval tissue. One of the class B synthetic multivulva genes, lin-35, encodes a protein similar to the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. In this article, we describe the isolation and characterization of 50 synthetic multivulva mutations, the identification of new components of both the class A and class B lin-35 Rb pathways, and the cloning of lin-52, a class B gene that may have a conserved role in Rb-mediated signaling.

Isolation and characterization of Thermococcus sibiricus sp. nov. from a Western Siberia high-temperature oil reservoir

Extremophiles ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Miroshnichenko ◽  
Hans Hippe ◽  
Erko Stackebrandt ◽  
Nadezhda Kostrikina ◽  
Nikolai Chernyh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Pharmacological Regulation of the Insulin Receptor Signaling Pathway Mimics Insulin Action in Cells Transduced with Viral Vectors

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Cotugno ◽  
Roy Pollock ◽  
Pietro Formisano ◽  
Katja Linher ◽  
Francesco Beguinot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Insulin Receptor Signaling ◽  
Receptor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Pharmacological Regulation ◽  
In Cells

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Vibrio kanaloae as a Major Pathogen Associated with Mass Mortalities of Ark Clam, Scapharca broughtonii, in Cold Season

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2161
Author(s):  
Bowen Huang ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Chongming Wang ◽  
Changming Bai ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Scapharca Broughtonii ◽  
Different Temperatures

High temperature is a risk factor for vibriosis outbreaks. Most vibrios are opportunistic pathogens that cause the mortality of aquatic animals at the vibrio optimal growth temperature (~25 °C), whereas a dominant Vibrio kanaloae strain SbA1-1 is isolated from natural diseased ark clams (Scapharca broughtonii) during cold seasons in this study. Consistent symptoms and histopathological features reappeared under an immersion infection with SbA1-1 performed at 15 °C. The pathogenicity difference of SbA1-1 was assessed under different temperatures (15 °C and 25 °C). The cumulative mortality rates of ark clams were significantly higher at the low temperature (15 °C) than at the high temperature (25 °C); up to 98% on 16th day post SbA1-1 infection. While the growth ratio of SbA1-1 was retarded at the low temperature, the hemolytic activity and siderophores productivity of SbA1-1 were increased. This study constitutes the first isolation of V. kanaloae from the natural diseased ark clams (S. broughtonii) in cold seasons and the exposition of the dissimilar pathogenicity of SbA1-1 at a different temperature. All the above indicates that V. kanaloae constitutes a threat to ark clam culture, especially in cold seasons.

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