scholarly journals Inequalities in Trends in Healthy and Disability-Free Life Expectancies: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 640-640
Author(s):  
Gemma Spiers ◽  
Fiona Beyer ◽  
Dawn Craig ◽  
Barbara Hanratty ◽  
Carol Jagger
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Active Life Expectancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
The Uk

Abstract To update previous reviews, we searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and the Office for National Statistics (ONS) website for studies and reports published after 2016 that describe trends in healthy life expectancy, active life expectancy or disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) in the UK and other OECD high-income countries. We focus here on studies reporting inequalities by socioeconomic position (SEP) in these trends. There was mixed evidence of educational and area-level deprivation inequalities in trends in DFLE, with four studies indicating that educational inequalities were widening in European countries. No studies were identified that examined inequalities in disability-free life expectancy trends in the UK. All studies were based on cross-sectional data from multiple time points or longitudinal panel studies. We discuss the size of inequalities in DFLE between SEP groups and the limitations of previous studies.

scholarly journals Why Are Inequalities in Disability-Free Life Expectancy by Socioeconomic Position Widening?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 640-640
Author(s):  
Carol Jagger
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Life Education ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract Life expectancy has increased over previous decades, but several countries are seeing widening inequalities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by socioeconomic position (SEP). In this symposium we address three unanswered questions.1. Do DFLE trends differ for SEP groups, and which of the underlying transitions (incidence, recovery, death when disability-free, death when already disabled) explains the differences?2. Do DFLE trends by SEP depend on when in the life-course SEP is measured (early life - education, mid-life - occupational status or late-life - material disadvantage)?3. How much does multi-morbidity contribute to differing trends in DFLE by SEP, since multi-morbidity is more prevalent in low SEP groups? To answer these questions, we use unique longitudinal studies of older people across different generations in two countries: the UK (Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies – CFAS I and II) and Australia (Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia – HILDA). The first presentation sets the scene with findings from a systematic review of worldwide trends in life and healthy life expectancy by SEP. Presentations two and three examine the first question using DFLE at age65 by SEP defined by late-life disadvantage in CFAS (1991-2011), followed by HILDA (2001-2017). The fourth presentation investigates the effect of different life-course measures of SEP using HILDA. The final presentation from CFAS examines the third question. This symposium increases our understanding of how and why inequalities in DFLE by SEP are changing with the goal of achieving healthy ageing for all.

scholarly journals Weight, Mortality, Years of Healthy Life, and Active Life Expectancy in Older Adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Diehr ◽  
Ellen S. O'Meara ◽  
Annette Fitzpatrick ◽  
Anne B. Newman ◽  
Lewis Kuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Active Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Active Life

scholarly journals Inequality in Life Expectancy, Functional Status, and Active Life Expectancy Across Selected Black and White Populations in the United States

Demography ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arline T. Geronimus ◽  
John Bound ◽  
Timothy Waidmann ◽  
Cynthia G. Colen ◽  
Dianne Steffick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Life Expectancy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Active Life

scholarly journals Cumulative Effects of Physical Activity, Dietary Variety, and Social Participation on Active Life Expectancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 186-186
Author(s):  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Akihiko Kitamura ◽  
Yui Tomine ◽  
Mariko Nishi ◽  
Yu Nofuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Active Life Expectancy ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Dietary Variety ◽  
Active Life

Abstract Regular physical activity, dietary variety, and active social participation are modifiable and influential factors of adverse health outcomes. However, the cumulative effects of these behaviors are unknown. We examined these cumulative associations with active life loss in older adults. We analyzed 3-year longitudinal data from 7246 initially non-disabled residents aged 65-84 years from 18 districts of Ota City, Tokyo. Sufficiency of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) of ≥150 minutes/week, dietary variety score (DVS) of ≥3, and social participation of ≥1 time/month were assessed using self-administered questionnaires. We operationally defined active life loss for individuals as being newly certified for long-term care insurance or death without prior certification. Multilevel survival analyses were applied to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During an average follow-up of 2.9 years, the cumulative incidence of active life loss was 11.3% (817 individuals: 650 new certifications and 167 deaths without prior certification). Multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for active life loss were 0.73 (0.58-0.92) in only MVPA of ≥150 minutes/week, 0.88 (0.67-1.15) in only DVS of ≥3, 0.75 (0.51-1.09) in only social participation of ≥1 time/month, 0.56 (0.45-0.70) in the group satisfying any two, and 0.52 (0.40-0.67) in the group satisfying all three behaviors, compared with a reference group that did not satisfy any of the behaviors. Sensitivity analysis that excluded active life losses during the first year showed similar results. The combination of regular physical activity, dietary variety, and social participation further enhances the effects on active life expectancy than individual practices.

Stroke and active life expectancy among older adults in Beijing, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 701-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Hua Fang ◽  
Zachary Zimmer ◽  
Toshido Kaneda ◽  
Zhe Tang ◽  
Man-Jung Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Active Life Expectancy ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Beijing China

Changes in active life expectancy in Taiwan: Compression or expansion?

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1657-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Jow-Ching Tu ◽  
Kuanjeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Active Life Expectancy ◽  
Active Life
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