scholarly journals Vision and Cognition: Findings from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India—Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 660-660
Author(s):  
Joshua Ehrlich ◽  
Sandy Chien ◽  
Jinkook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Diagnostic Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Vision impairment (VI) is associated with cognitive decline and dementia, however little research has been conducted in India. Using data from LASI-DAD, linear models tested the association of VI (better-seeing eye <20/60) with cognitive domains including orientation, learning/memory, language, attention, and total cognition. Models were adjusted for age, sex, geographic, and socioeconomic characteristics. VI was significantly associated with lower orientation (β=-0.47, p<.01), learning/memory (β=-4.6, p<.01), attention (β=-1.6, p<.01), and total cognition (β=-8.4, p<.01), but not language (β=-0.14, p<.1) scores. The association of VI with cognitive measures did not vary by sex. For each measure, VI was equivalent to 5-13 years of cognitive aging. In summary, VI is associated with poorer performance in most cognitive domains among older Indian adults. Longitudinal data are needed to determine directionality and causality. Since >80% of VI in India is treatable, poor vision may represent a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia.

scholarly journals Late-Life Cognition and Dementia in India: New Insights From LASI-DAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 659-659
Author(s):  
Jinkook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Dementia Research ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study

Abstract With more than1.35 billion people, India, the second-most populous country in the world, is soon to experience rapid aging of its population. By2050, India’s older population is projected to reach320 million (about the current size of the entire U.S. population). In this session we introduce the Longitudinal Aging Study in India – Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI-DAD), a new cohort study designed to advance dementia research to better understand late-life cognition, cognitive aging, cognitive impairment, and dementia, as well as their risk and protective factors. LASI is a prospective, multi-purpose population survey of older adults aged45 and older, representative of the entire country and of each state (N~72,000). LASI-DAD is an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia, drawing a sub-sample of older adults aged60 and older from LASI (N~4,300). It administered the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP), which consists of a pair of in-person interviews, one with the target respondent and one with an informant nominated by the respondent. The respondent interview includes a neuropsychological test battery designed to measure a range of key cognitive domains affected by cognitive aging and Alzheimer’s Diseases. We organize the session to showcase LASI-DAD. Specifically, the session consists of four papers, including: (1) the introduction of the design and methodology, (2) the latent structure of neuropsychological test results, (3) the investigation of the relationship between visual impairment and cognition, and (4) the examination of female disadvantage in dementia and its association with cross-state variations in gender inequality.

scholarly journals Design and Methodology of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India‐Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia ( LASI‐DAD )

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkook Lee ◽  
Pranali Y. Khobragade ◽  
Joyita Banerjee ◽  
Sandy Chien ◽  
Marco Angrisani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Assessment ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study

scholarly journals USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY TO ELUCIDATE PSYCHOSOCIAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S809-S810
Author(s):  
Nelson A Roque ◽  
Jinshil Hyun ◽  
Stacey B Scott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Longitudinal Data Collection ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Physical Touch ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Ambulatory methods (AM) improve the reliability and ecological validity of cognitive assessments, and help to elucidate psychological influences through concurrent reports of pain, stress, and other psychosocial outcomes. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) involves sampling of daily experiences in natural settings, including completing cognitive assessments, and answering questions related to, for example, social interactions and sleep. The purpose of this symposium is to present innovative methods and results, exploring questions at the intersection of intensive longitudinal data collection, cognition, and psychosocial influences, using data from two EMA studies, the Einstein Aging Study (EAS) and the Effects of Stress on Cognitive Aging, Physiology, and Emotion (ESCAPE) Study. The EAS (ages >= 70) and ESCAPE (ages 25 - 65) protocols, ask participants to complete an annual 14-day EMA measurement burst. A unique value of these methods is the ability to explore effects from moment-to-moment (or day-to-day; within-person effects) as we will present. We will also contrast these with conventional analyses of between-person differences, typical of clinic and in-person studies. Dickens (using ESCAPE data) examines end-of-day perceived stress and anticipation of next-day stress in predicting sleep quality. Hyun and colleagues (using EAS data) discuss the effects of affectionate physical touch on mitigating pain and emotional distress. Using a model-based cluster analysis approach (with EAS data), Roque unpacks differences in psychosocial factors, as a function of cognitive status risk groups. Stacey Scott will discuss these papers in the context of using ambulatory methods to improve the characterization of risk status in older adults.

scholarly journals HETEROGENEITY IN PROGRESSION OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND VARIATIONS IN HEALTH EXPENDITURES AND HEALTH SERVICES USE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S126-S126
Author(s):  
Wassim Tarraf ◽  
Hector M González
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Health Services Use ◽  
The Us ◽  
Inpatient Hospitalizations ◽  
Baseline Probability ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Cognitive aging and disease (e.g. dementia) are leading public health issues as longevity increases and the US population ages. We fit generalized linear models using data from the longitudinal Health and Retirement Study (2008-2014) on (Unweighted N=1,884) participants 70-years and older who met criteria for cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND), based on Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study specification, at baseline (2008) to test how impairment reversion, stability, and transition to dementia over 8-years affect change in biennial hospitalizations, nursing-home use, and out-of-pocket expenditures (OOP). Over 8-years, 13% reverted to normal cognition, 20% remained as CIND, 21% transitioned to dementia, and 46% died. In these groups, average OOP spending at baseline was $2311 (SE=$225), $2722 (SE=$278), $2180 (SE=$228), and $3653 (SE=$322), respectively. Average OOP spending increased to $3,095, $4,720, and $11,548 by the 8th year for those that reverted, stayed stable, and transitioned, respectively. Average OOP spending at the wave preceding death was $11,600. We observed substantial increases in nursing home use that were particularly pronounced among those that transitioned to dementia (Baseline Probability=0.04 increasing to 0.37 over 8-years) or died (0.09 increasing to 0.35 over 6-years), and similar but less pronounced differences in patterns of inpatient hospitalizations. Estimates were only slightly modified through adjustments to sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid conditions. We discuss how healthcare policy and clinical interventions focusing on early identification of impairment can potentially lead to improved and more efficient healthcare if better understanding of heterogeneities in impairment and cognitive disease progression is achieved.

scholarly journals Cohort Differences in Cognitive Aging in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam

2016 ◽  
pp. gbw129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria Brailean ◽  
Martijn Huisman ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
A. Matthew Prina ◽  
Dorly J. H. Deeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study

scholarly journals Land Use Mix and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study Examining Changes in Land Use Mix in Two Dutch Cohorts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mark Noordzij ◽  
M.A. Beenackers ◽  
J. Oude Groeniger ◽  
E.J. Timmermans ◽  
I. Motoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Buffer Size ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study ◽  
Using Data

Abstract BACKGROUNDWith urbanization and aging increasing in coming decades, societies face the challenge of keeping aging populations active. Land use mix (LUM) has been associated with cycling and walking, but whether changes in LUM relate to changes in cycling/walking is less known. OBJECTIVESOur objective was to study the effect of LUM on cycling/walking in two Dutch aging cohorts using data with 10 years of follow-up. METHODSData from 1,114 respondents from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) and 1,561 respondents from the Health and Living Conditions of the Population of Eindhoven and Surroundings (GLOBE) study were linked to LUM in 1000-meter sausage network buffers at three time-points. Cycling/walking outcomes were harmonized to include average minutes spent cycling/walking per week. Data was pooled and limited to respondents that did not relocate between follow-up waves. Associations between LUM and cycling/walking were estimated using a Random Effects Within-Between (REWB) model that allows for the estimation of both within and between effects. Sensitivity analyses were performed on smaller (500-meter) and larger (1600-meter) buffers. RESULTSWe found evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in 1000-meter buffers and walking (β: 11.10, 95% CI: 0.08 ; 21.12), but no evidence of within-associations in 1000-meter buffers. Sensitivity analyses using 500-meter buffers showed similar between-associations, but negative within-associations (β: -35.67, 95% CI: -68.85 ; -2.49). We did not find evidence of between-individual associations of LUM in any buffer size and cycling, but did find evidence of negative within-associations between LUM in 1600-meter buffers and cycling (β: -7.49, 95% CI: -14.31 ; -0.66). DISCUSSIONOur study found evidence of positive associations between LUM and average walking time, but also some evidence of negative associations between a change in LUM and cycling/walking. LUM appears to be related to cycling/walking, but the effect of changes in LUM on cycling/walking is unclear.

scholarly journals Mentally Challenging Occupations Are Associated With More Rapid Cognitive Decline at Later Stages of Cognitive Aging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinshil Hyun ◽  
Mindy J Katz ◽  
Richard B Lipton ◽  
Martin J Sliwinski
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Baseline Model ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Occupational Complexity ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Rapid Cognitive Decline

Abstract Objectives Engaging in mentally challenging activities is associated with reduced risk for cognitive impairment and dementia; however, its association with rates of cognitive decline has been inconsistent. The aim of this study is to test whether working in mentally challenging occupations is related to rates of cognitive change at later older adulthood. Method The sample consisted of 1,520 individuals (baseline mean age = 78.6 ± 5.1, range = 64–100) from the Einstein Aging Study. Occupation information of each participant was collected retrospectively and linked with the substantive complexity of work score from the Dictionary of Occupational Titles. Cognitive changes in memory, speed, and executive function (EF) domains were represented using two time metrics (i.e., time from retirement, time from study enrollment). Results Results from mixed models showed that occupational complexity was associated with significantly faster rates of cognitive decline in speed and EF in the “time from retirement” model but not in the “time from baseline” model. Despite faster cognitive loss, the protective effect of occupational complexity persisted for decades after retirement due to higher initial levels of cognition. Discussion The result suggests that protective factors for cognitive health may be associated with delayed onset but more rapid cognitive decline afterwards at later stages of cognitive aging.

scholarly journals The Effect of Diabetes on the Cognitive Trajectory of Older Adults in Mexico and the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline C Avila ◽  
Silvia Mejia-Arangom ◽  
Daniel Jupiter ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Rebeca Wong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives To study the impact of diabetes on the long-term cognitive trajectories of older adults in 2 countries with different socioeconomic and health settings, and to determine whether this relationship differs by cognitive domains. This study uses Mexico and the United States to confirm if patterns hold in both populations, as these countries have similar diabetes prevalence but different socioeconomic conditions and diabetes-related mortality. Methods Two nationally representative cohorts of adults aged 50 years or older are used: the Mexican Health and Aging Study for Mexico and the Health and Retirement Study for the United States, with sample sizes of 18,810 and 26,244 individuals, respectively, followed up for a period of 14 years. The outcome is cognition measured as a total composite score and by domain (memory and nonmemory). Mixed-effect linear models are used to test the effect of diabetes on cognition at 65 years old and over time in each country. Results Diabetes is associated with lower cognition and nonmemory scores at baseline and over time in both countries. In Mexico, diabetes only predicts lower memory scores over time, whereas in the United States it only predicts lower memory scores at baseline. Women have higher total cognition and memory scores than men in both studies. The magnitude of the effect of diabetes on cognition is similar in both countries. Discussion Despite the overall lower cognition in Mexico and different socioeconomic characteristics, the impact of diabetes on cognitive decline and the main risk and protective factors for poor cognition are similar in both countries.

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